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Oldřich, a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 1012 to 1033 and briefly again in 1034. His accession to the Bohemian throne marked the start of a phase of stability after a long period of internal dynastic struggles. Under his rule, the Moravian lands were reconquered from Polish occupation.
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The most important phenomenon that took place within the lands of Poland in the Early Middle Ages, as well as other parts of Central Europe was the arrival and permanent settlement of the West Slavic or Lechitic peoples. The Slavic migrations to the area of contemporary Poland started in the second half of the 5th century AD, about a half century after these territories were vacated by Germanic tribes fleeing from the Huns. The first waves of the incoming Slavs settled the vicinity of the upper Vistula River and elsewhere in the lands of present southeastern Poland and southern Masovia. Coming from the east, from the upper and middle regions of the Dnieper River, the immigrants would have had come primarily from the western branch of the early Slavs known as Sclaveni, and since their arrival are classified as West Slavs and Lechites, who are the closest ancestors of Poles.[a]
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Pomerania during the Early Middle Ages covers the History of Pomerania from the 7th to the 11th centuries.
The Lutici or Liutizi(known by various spelling variants) were a federation of West Slavic Polabian tribes, who between the 10th and 12th centuries lived in what is now northeastern Germany. Four tribes made up the core of the federation: the Redarians, Circipanians (Circipani), Kessinians and Tollensians (Tholenzi). At least in part, the Lutici were a continuation of the Veleti. In contrast to the former and the neighboring peoples, the Lutici were not led by a Christian monarch or duke, rather power was asserted through consensus formed in central assemblies of the social elites, and the Lutici worshipped nature and several deities. The political and religious center was Radgosc.
Liub, also known as Lub, was a grand prince of the Confederation of the Veleti, ruling from 810 to 823. He was the eldest son, and successor, of Dragovit. He had two sons, Milegast, and Cealadragus, with Milegast, as the eldest son, succeeding his throne.
Cealadragus was a prince of the Confederation of the Veleti. He was the second son of Liub. In 823, his brother, Milegast, who, at the time, was a ruler of the Veleti, was deposed, with Cealadragus replacing him. It is unknown how long Cealadragus ruled.
References
- 1 2 3 Kazimierz Wachowski, Gerard Labuda: Słowiańszczyzna zachodnia. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciól Nauk, 2000, p. 67. ISBN 9788370632717. (in Polish)
- 1 2 3 Słownik starożytności słowiańskich, vol. 3, part 1, Wrocław, 1967. (in Polish)
- 1 2 Jerzy Strzelczyk, Po tamtej stronie Odry. Dzieje i upadek Słowian połabskich. Warsaw: Ksia̜żka i wiedza, 1968, p. 58. (in Polish)
- 1 2 3 Christian Hanewinkel: Die politische Bedeutung der Elbslawen im Hinblick auf die Herrschaftsveränderungen im ostfränkischen Reich und in Sachsen von 887–936. Politische Skizzen zu den östlichen Nachbarn im 9. und 10. Jahrhundert . Münster, 2004, p. 64f. (in German)
- ↑ Paval Urban: Staražytnyja lićviny: mova, pachodžańnie, etničnaja prynaliežnaść. Miensk, 2001. p. 47. (in Belarusian)