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Johan Nygaardsvold was a Norwegian politician from the Labour Party who served as Prime Minister of Norway from 1935 to 1945. From June 1940 until May 1945, he oversaw the Norwegian Government-in-exile from London as head of the Nygaardsvold cabinet during the Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany.
At the outset of World War II in September 1939, Denmark declared itself neutral. For most of the war, the country was a protectorate and then an occupied territory of Germany. The decision to occupy Denmark was taken in Berlin on 17 December 1939. On 9 April 1940, Germany occupied Denmark in Operation Weserübung. The Danish government and king functioned as relatively normal in a de facto protectorate over the country until 29 August 1943, when Germany placed Denmark under direct military occupation, which lasted until the Allied victory on 5 May 1945. Contrary to the situation in other countries under German occupation, most Danish institutions continued to function relatively normally until 1945. Both the Danish government and king remained in the country in an uneasy relationship between a democratic and a totalitarian system until the Danish government stepped down in a protest against German demands to institute the death penalty for sabotage.
Ragnar Sigvald Skancke was the Norwegian Minister of Labour and Minister for Church and Educational Affairs in Vidkun Quisling's government of the Nasjonal Samling party during World War II.
The German occupation of during World War II began on 9 April 1940 after German forces invaded the neutral Scandinavian country of Norway. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940 and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8/9 May 1945. Throughout this period, Norway was continuously occupied by the Wehrmacht. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen, which acted in collaboration with a pro-German puppet government, the Quisling regime, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years" or "occupation period".
Ole Ludvig Bærøe was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. Bærøe was Minister of Agriculture 1926–1928, as well as head of the Ministry of Education and Church Affairs 1927–1928. He was a headmaster by profession before entering the Lykke Government in 1926. Bærøe was leader of the Conservative Party from 1937 to 1940, though legally he was leader until his death in 1943 despite political parties being forbidden in Norway during the German occupation.
Thorstein John Ohnstad Fretheim was a Norwegian acting councillor of state in the NS government of Vidkun Quisling 1940–1941, and minister 1941–1945. Fretheim was a district veterinary by profession. In the post-war legal purges he was convicted of treason and sentenced to 20 years of forced labour, being pardoned in 1951.
Rolf Jørgen Fuglesang was a Norwegian secretary to the National Unity party government of Vidkun Quisling 1940–1941 and minister 1941–1942 and 1942–1945. He was also President of the Kulturting 1943–1945.
Kjeld Stub Irgens was a Norwegian politician during the German occupation of Norway.
Helge Rognlien was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.
Herman Smitt Ingebretsen was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. He was the Secretary-General of the Conservative Party 1936–1940.
The Ministry of Culture and Enlightenment was a government ministry during the German occupation of Norway, established on 25 September 1940, and closed down at the end of World War II.
The Reichskommissariat Norwegen was the civilian occupation regime set up by Nazi Germany in German-occupied Norway during World War II. Its full title in German was the Reichskommissariat für die besetzten norwegischen Gebiete. It was governed by Reichskommissar Josef Terboven until his deposition on 7 May 1945. The German military forces in Norway, then under the command of general Franz Böhme, surrendered to the Allies on 9 May and the legal government was restored.
Didrik Arup Seip was a professor of North Germanic languages at the University of Oslo.
Hans Engen was a Norwegian journalist, diplomat and politician for the Labour Party.
Norsk-Tysk Tidsskrift was a Norwegian periodical, in existence during the German occupation of Norway.
Anders Beggerud was a Norwegian civil servant during the Nazi regime.
7. juni-plassen is a square in Oslo, Norway.
The Quisling regime or Quisling government are common names used to refer to the fascist collaborationist government led by Vidkun Quisling in German-occupied Norway during the Second World War. The official name of the regime from 1 February 1942 until its dissolution in May 1945 was Den nasjonale regjering. Actual executive power was retained by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen, headed by Josef Terboven.
The Administrative Council was a council established by the Supreme Court to govern Norway. The council of seven people was established on 15 April 1940, replacing Quisling's First Cabinet, and was led by Ingolf Elster Christensen. It was replaced on 25 September by another council by Josef Terboven, referred to in Norwegian as Josef Terboven's kommissariske statsråder.
References
- ↑ "Norwegian Government Ministries 1940–1945—under German occupation in Oslo". Government.no . Retrieved 27 February 2007.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
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