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Blues is a music genre and musical form which was originated in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s by African-Americans from roots in African-American work songs, and spirituals. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads. The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common. Blue notes, usually thirds, fifths or sevenths flattened in pitch are also an essential part of the sound. Blues shuffles or walking bass reinforce the trance-like rhythm and form a repetitive effect known as the groove.
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References
- ↑ William Christopher Handy; Abbe Niles; Elliott S. Hurwitt (2012). W.C. Handy's Blue. p. 262. ISBN 0486486192.
Another extraordinary example, in march time, is Shine Like a Morning Star, which is to be found only in Handy's own published arrangement.
- ↑ Evelyn Davidson White (1981). Choral Music by Afro-American Composers: A Selected, Annotated Bibliography (First ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-0810814516.
WILLIAM C. HANDY SECOND COLLECTION OF 37 SPIRITUALS Mixed Voices, Male Voices and Vocal Solos with Piano Accompaniment Arranged by William C. Handy ... Shine Like a Morning Star (SATB) 4
- ↑ David Robertson (2009). W.C. Handy: The Life and Times of the Man Who Made the Blues. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0307266095.
Shine Like a Morning Star
- ↑ Leslie Gourse (2009). Sassy: The Life of Sarah Vaughan. p. 276. ISBN 0786751142.
Of the songs that were released, "Morning Star" was written by Jimmy Rowles with lyrics by Johnny Mercer, though W. C. Handy was given credit — apparently by accident — for the composition. This information comes directly from Jimmy
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