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Politics of Algeria takes place in a framework of a constitutional semi-presidential republic, whereby the President of Algeria is head of state while the Prime Minister of Algeria is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the People's National Assembly and the Council of the Nation. A legacy of Algeria's bloody War of Independence from France is a powerful military and security apparatus that put a high value on secrecy. Since 1988, parties other than the ruling FLN have been allowed and multiparty elections have been held, but freedom of political speech, protest and assembly is circumscribed, and the 2014 presidential election was boycotted by major opposition parties. Algeria has been called a "controlled democracy", or a state where the military and "a select group" of unelected civilians—reportedly known to Algerians as "le pouvoir" —make major decisions, such as who should be president.
The Democratic National Rally is a political party in Algeria. It is led by Ahmed Ouyahia. The party held its Second Congress on 15–17 May 2003.
The Movement for National Reform is a moderate Islamist political party in Algeria. It received 9.5% of the vote in the 2002 elections and received 43 members of parliament.
The Workers' Party is a Trotskyist political party in Algeria, closely linked with the Independent Workers' Party of France. The party is led by Louisa Hanoune.
The Islamic Renaissance Movement is a moderate Islamist political party of Algeria.
The Party of Algerian Renewal is a minor liberal political party in Algeria.
The Rally for Culture and Democracy is a political party in Algeria. It promotes secularism (laïcité) and has its principal power base in Kabylie, a major Berber-speaking region. Some consider it to take the position of a liberal party for the Berber-speaking population in Algerian politics.
The National Liberation Front is a nationalist political party in Algeria. It was the principal nationalist movement during the Algerian War and the sole legal and the ruling political party of the Algerian state until other parties were legalised in 1989. The FLN was established in 1954 from a split in the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties from members of the Special Organisation paramilitary; its armed wing, the National Liberation Army, participated in the Algerian War from 1954 to 1962. After the Évian Accords of 1962, the party purged internal dissent and ruled Algeria as a one-party state. After the 1988 October Riots and the Algerian Civil War (1991–2002) against Islamist groups, the FLN was reelected to power in the 2002 Algerian legislative election, and has generally remained in power ever since, although sometimes needing to form coalitions with other parties.
The Democratic and Social Movement is a political party in Algeria that was founded in 1966.
The People's National Assembly, abbreviated APN, is the lower house of the Algerian Parliament. It is composed of 462 members directly elected by the population. Of the 462 seats, 8 are reserved for Algerians living abroad. Members of the People's National Assembly are directly elected through proportional representation in multiple-member districts and serve terms lasting five years at a time. The last election for this body was held on 17 May 2017. This body and of the Algerian Parliament is seen as nonrepresentative of the Algerian people's interest because of the presidency, which controls the majority of governmental power. The minimum age required for election into the APN is 28.
French legislative elections took place on 18 November and 25 November 1962 to elect the second National Assembly of the Fifth Republic.
French legislative elections to elect the third National Assembly of the Fourth Republic took place on 2 January 1956 using party-list proportional representation. The elections had been scheduled for June 1956; however, they were brought forward by Edgar Faure using a constitutional sanction.
Legislative elections were held in Algeria on 17 May 2007. 24 political parties and around 100 independent lists with a total of more than 12,000 candidates competed for the 389 seats in the National People's Assembly. While most Algerians voted on May 17, immigrants from Algeria to other countries and Algerians living in the Sahara and other nomads and semi-nomads voted on May 16 due to the distance from Algiers, the country's capital.
The Movement for Youth and Democracy is a minor political party in Algeria. In the 17 May 2007 People's National Assembly elections, the party won 2.31% of the vote and 5 out of 389 seats.
The National Party for Solidarity and Development is a minor political party in Algeria.
The National Movement for Nature and Development is a minor Green political party in Algeria. In the 17 May 2007 People's National Assembly elections, the party won 2.00% of the vote and 7 out of 389 seats.
The Algerian Rally is a minor political party in Algeria, led by Ali Zaghdoud. In the 17 May 2007 People's National Assembly elections, the party won 1.75% of the vote and one out of 389 seats. It also won two seats in the 2012 elections.
The National Movement of Hope is a minor political party in Algeria. In the 17 May 2007 People's National Assembly elections, the party won 1.73% of the vote and 2 out of 389 seats. It also won two seats in the 2012 elections.
The Republican Patriotic Rally is a minor political party in Algeria. In the 17 May 2007 People's National Assembly elections, the party won 1.47% of the vote and 2 out of 389 seats.
The National Democratic Front is a minor political party in Algeria. In the 17 May 2007 People's National Assembly elections, the party won 1.38% of the vote and 1 out of 389 seats.
References
- ↑ Algerian Interior Ministry Archived 2007-06-20 at the Wayback Machine
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