The Movimiento 2D (2D Movement, M2D or simply 2D) is a Venezuelan opposition movement led by El Nacional editor and proprietor Miguel Henrique Otero.
2D, founded by Otero in late 2007 in the run-up to the 2007 Venezuelan constitutional referendum, [1] includes a number of prominent Venezuelans besides Otero, including former foreign minister Simón Alberto Consalvi, who served under both Jaime Lusinchi and Carlos Andrés Pérez. [2] The name of the movement refers to 2 December, being the date of the 2012 Venezuelan presidential election. [3] In February 2010 M2D announced it would support the opposition electoral coalition Mesa de la Unidad Democrática in the September 2010 parliamentary election. [4]
In a 2D press conference opposing the 2009 Venezuelan constitutional referendum, President Hugo Chávez was compared to Juan Vicente Gómez, the Venezuelan dictator of the 1920s and 1930s, and 2D's Pablo Medina said Venezuela would become a dictatorship if it was approved. The referendum to remove term limits from all public offices was approved.[ citation needed ]
In June 2010 2D criticised the government takeover of Banco Federal. [5] In mid-August 2010, in the run-up to the parliamentary election, after El Nacional published in its frontpage publication an archival photo of bodies with gunshot wounds in a morgue, to illustrate a story about rising crime rates, the government banned the publications, sparking international outcry. [6] Otero said that "The editorial reasoning behind the photo was to create a shock so that people could in some way react to a situation that the government has done absolutely nothing about." [7]
Elections in Venezuela are held at a national level for the President of Venezuela as head of state and head of government, and for a unicameral legislature. The President of Venezuela is elected for a six-year term by direct election plurality voting, and is eligible for re-election. The National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) has 165 members (diputados), elected for five-year terms using a mixed member majoritarian system. Elections also take place at state level and local level.
Democratic Action is a Venezuelan social democratic and centre-left political party established in 1941.
The Alternative Democratic Pole is a left-wing political party in Colombia.
Presidential elections were held in Venezuela on 3 December 2006 to elect a president for a six-year term to begin on 10 January 2007. The contest was primarily between incumbent President Hugo Chávez, and Zulia Governor Manuel Rosales of the opposition party A New Era.
The 2010 parliamentary election in Venezuela took place on 26 September 2010 to elect the 165 deputies to the National Assembly. Venezuelan opposition parties, which had boycotted the previous election thus allowing the governing Fifth Republic Movement (MVR) to gain a two-thirds super majority, participated in the election through the Coalition for Democratic Unity (MUD). In 2007 the Fifth Republic Movement dissolved and the United Socialist Party of Venezuela was formed as the leading government party. Nationally, the popular vote was split equally between PSUV and MUD, but PSUV won a majority of the first-past-the-post seats and consequently retained a substantial majority in the Assembly, although falling short of both two-thirds and three-fifths super majority marks.
Henri Falcón Fuentes is a Venezuelan politician. He was mayor for two consecutive terms of Barquisimeto, Iribarren Municipality (2000–2008) and governor of Lara State (2008–2017). He was a candidate in the 2018 Venezuelan presidential election.
The Coordinadora Democrática was an umbrella group of Venezuelan political parties and organisations opposed to President Hugo Chávez. Founded on 5 July 2002, it was involved in organising the Venezuelan general strike of 2002-2003 and the 2004 Venezuelan recall referendum. The group included a wide range of political parties and other actors, including the business federation Fedecámaras and the trade union federation Confederación de Trabajadores de Venezuela (CTV).
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Popular Will is a political party in Venezuela founded by former Mayor of Chacao, Leopoldo López, who is its national co-ordinator. The party describes itself as progressive and social-democratic and was admitted into the Socialist International in December 2014, although observers have also described it as centre to centre-left. The party previously held 14 out of 167 seats in the Venezuelan National Assembly, the country's parliament, and is a member of the Democratic Unity Roundtable, the electoral coalition that held a plurality in the National Assembly between 2015 and 2020.
Presidential elections were held in Venezuela on 20 May 2018, with incumbent Nicolás Maduro being declared re-elected for a second six-year term. The original electoral date was scheduled for December 2018 but was subsequently pulled ahead to 22 April before being pushed back to 20 May. Some analysts described the poll as a sham election, with the elections having the lowest voter turnout in the country's democratic era.
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Movement We Are Venezuela (MSV) emerged after the transformation of New Revolutionary Road (NCR) and is a left-wing socialist and anti-imperialist political party in Venezuela founded on 6 May 2008 and refounded on 29 January 2018. It was established after three national deputies, Luis Tascón, Luis Díaz Salazar and Wilmer Pérez were expelled by the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). Together with deputy Tomás Sánchez, they decided to form a new political party
Freddy Guevara is a Venezuelan political leader with a major in Communication from Andrés Bello Catholic University and a graduate certificate in Public Policy. He was elected Deputy to the Venezuelan National Assembly for Circuit 2 of the Miranda State representing the Democratic Unity Roundtable in the parliamentary elections of December 6, 2015. A key figure of the opposition to controversial Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, Guevara was arrested in July 2021 for crimes against the state, although the United States and others condemned the arrest as politically-motivated; in mid-August, he was freed as part of negotiations between the Maduro government and the Venezuelan opposition.
Miguel Henrique Otero is a Venezuelan journalist, and he is the President and CEO of El Nacional newspaper. He was Vice President of Bloque de Prensa, the main press association in his home country. Otero is recognized as a pioneer in the use of new technologies, in journalism and media companies’ management. He is also the former President of Grupo de Diarios America, board member of the Inter American Press Association and of the World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers, WAN-IFRA.
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