Moving Picture Institute

Last updated
Moving Picture Institute
Founded2005
Founder Thor Halvorssen
Focus"Promoting Freedom Through Film" [1]
Headquarters New York, New York
Area served
Worldwide, focusing on the United States
Method film production
Key people
Board of Directors: [2]
Virginia Walden Ford
Kevin Harper
Marc Leader
Michael J. Friedman
Stephen Modzelewski
Stacey Parks
Rob Long
Mary Beth Weiss
Rob Pfaltzgraff, President
Creative Council: [2]
Peter Billingsley
Cecilia DeMille Presley
Michael Mandaville
Tanner Mobley
S. Leigh Savidge
Revenue
$5,060,419 (2019) [3]
Website thempi.org

The Moving Picture Institute (MPI) is an American non-profit organization and film production company founded in 2005 by Thor Halvorssen, who was also one of the producers for some of their movies. Its current president is Rob Pfaltzgraff.

Contents

Mission and purpose

The Moving Picture Institute has stated its aim is to be "a production company and talent incubator that creates high-impact films designed to entertain, inspire, and educate audiences with captivating stories about human freedom." For that it says, it will 1) launch filmmakers' careers through grants and classes and 2) produce original content in-house. [4]

MPI produces and collaborates on both fictional films and non-fictional, documentary-style films. MPI's films typically center on topics such as human rights and individual freedoms, governmental waste and corruption.[ citation needed ]

MPI's states its films typically center on concepts such as human rights and individual freedoms, and governmental waste and corruption. Halvorssen said to the NYT, the role as movie mogul aligns with his other activities, "A film can reach a lot more people than a white paper [...] What Sideways did for Pinot noir, I want to do for freedom." [5]

Major productions

MPI is involved in the production and promotion of the following narrative and documentary films:

TitleRelease DateSynopsisNotes
Pinball: The Man Who Saved the Game 2023A feature-length dramedy based on the true story of Roger Sharpe, the young midwesterner who overturned New York City's 35 year-old ban on pinball machines. [6] MPI Original Film
Kemba Based on the true story of criminal justice advocate Kemba Smith. In the film, a college student falls in love with a man, only to learn he is a drug kingpin who leads her down a path of abuse and manipulation, placing her in the middle of the government's "war on drugs", and ultimately landing her in federal prison. [7] BET Original Film and MPI Original Film. Christine Swanson attached to write and direct. [8]
Freedom Hair: The Melony Armstrong Story2024Based on the inspiring, true story of Melony Armstrong. In the film, a mother who works at a shelter for battered women decides to start a natural hair braiding business to achieve financial independence for herself and others. To do so she must overcome unexpected obstacles imposed by a powerful cartel and the state of Mississippi. [9] MPI Original Film. Dianne Houston is attached to write and direct.
The Perfect One2020A young painter revives his family's failing business by taking an innovative risk. [10] MPI Original Film
A Piece of Cake2020A California father turns to illicit means to get dragées for his daughter's birthday cake after discovering that the bite-sized silver confections are banned in the state. [11] MPI Original Film. It was nominated for Best Narrative Short at Tribeca, won Best Comedy and the Audience Choice Award in Comedy at Indy Shorts, won Best Comedy at the Chesapeake Film Festival, and won Best Short at the New Hope Film Festival where it was also nominated for Best Overall Short and Best Director. [12]
Miss Virginia October 18, 2019 [13] When an inner-city school erupts in violence, a struggling single mother makes sacrifices to enroll her at-risk son in a safe school where he can learn. Soon her lonely fight for her child's future becomes a monumental battle to change the system itself. Inspired by a true story, Miss Virginia raises big questions about educational opportunity in America. [14] [15] MPI Original Film
Regulation2019In the near future, a young social worker named Mia travels through a small town community to administer behavior-modifying "patches" that guarantee happiness for the wearers. She must decide what to do when Kaleigh, a precocious 10-year-old girl, refuses to accept the patch, and takes Mia on a tour of the imagination that her unregulated feelings bring. [16] MPI Original Film
The ConquerorJuly 26, 2018Maintenance worker by day, pro-boxer by night, Jerome Conquest lives in the city of Rocky and comes from one of Philadelphia's most dangerous neighborhoods, Strawberry Mansion. When Conquest loses his best friend, Calvin, to street violence, he turns to boxing as a way to improve his life. Despite his struggles, Jerome doesn't see himself as a victim—he works hard, pursuing his dream of becoming a professional boxer and inspiring others with the belief that the same freedom resides in the hearts of all people. [17] [18] MPI-supported film
Gringa2018Vanessa, a Cuban-American woman, has a foot in two worlds. When she rushes home to pack for a trip to Cuba, she doesn't expect what's waiting for her: a mission from her eccentric Abuelo. Based loosely on the filmmakers' real-life experiences, Gringa is a heartfelt take on family, culture, and identity as Vanessa reevaluates what really matters most to her. [19] [20] MPI Original Film directed by Claudia Murray.
Moving Violation2018Moving Violation follows a young woman who is determined to "think positive" after a devastating breakup with her fiancé. But when the newly-installed speed camera on her street won't stop surveilling her, it becomes the unwitting lightning rod for Tara's pent-up wrath and positive thinking quickly turns to getting even. [21] [22] MPI Original Film
Mama Rwanda2016Mama Rwanda tells the story of two mothers using entrepreneurship to overcome extreme poverty. Drocella, a village wife, and Christine, a city widow, represent a new generation of women business-owners transforming post-genocide Rwanda into one of the ten fastest growing economies in the world. [23] [24] MPI-supported film
Corrections2017Corrections is a near-future science fiction film about crime and punishment. The setting is a next-generation prison where inmates are tested through simulations that evaluate their moral resolve in their most intimate moments. In this dystopian institution, prisoners aren't rehabilitated; they're corrected. [25] MPI-supported film
Dreaming Against the World2014This haunting documentary short tells the story of Mu Xin, an artist who was imprisoned during China's bloody Cultural Revolution. While in captivity, Mu Xin risked his life to write and paint—work that in turn helped him survive. [26] [27] MPI-supported film directed by Francisco Bello and Tim Sternberg.
How Jack Became BlackJuly 2018By the year 2050, at least 20% of all Americans will self-identify as two or more races. Will this change the future of race relations and identity politics? Filmmaker Eli Steele seeks to answer these questions in How Jack Became Black. This subject is personal for the filmmaker, who was born to a black father and Jewish mother. His children are even more racially diverse, but were denied admission by their local public school for failing to name a "primary race". [28] [29] MPI-supported film
What We Started February 23, 2018What We Started delves into the highly popular world of electronic dance music, providing backdoor access to a widely misunderstood, self-driven, and well-insulated industry. Following the journeys of industry pioneers, like Carl Cox, and today's biggest superstar, Martin Garrix, this feature documentary explores freedom of expression, freedom of association, and the liberatory impact of electronic music around the world. [30] [31] MPI-supported film directed by Cyrus Saidi.
Incarcerating US September 8, 2016The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world. Over 2 million Americans are currently in prison, many for nonviolent offenses. This staggering fact carries enormous human and economic costs, sparking debates among policy experts and ordinary citizens: When should the state have the authority to take away an individual's freedom? Incarcerating US presents a compelling argument that the criminal justice system needs urgent reform. [32] [33] MPI-supported film
State of Control

January 1, 2016

State of Control follows two American filmmakers as they travel undercover, documenting Tibetan activists' human rights struggle against the Chinese government's police state. During a full-scale media shut down, a dangerous cat-and-mouse game quickly unfolds—secret police maintain 24-hour surveillance of the filmmakers, leading to hotel break-ins, theft, and cyber-hacking. Working with a team of cyber security experts, the filmmakers realize they are but one small piece of a global cyber crime wave that has impacted the likes of Google, the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal, a number of Fortune 100 companies, and even the White House. [34] [35] MPI-supported film
The ImmortalistsMarch 8, 2014This character-driven documentary follows three scientists who share one goal: to develop medical technologies that will vastly increase life expectancy. Bill Andrews, founder of a biotech company and a 60-year-old ultra-marathoner; Terry Grossman, a top anti-aging physician catering to patients who want to live forever; and Aubrey de Grey, a Cambridge-educated biogerontologist, have dedicated their lives to creating an infinite future for humanity. But is life extension even possible? And if it is, what are the political, ethical, and economic implications of it? [36] [37] MPI-supported film directed by Jason Sussberg and David Alvarado.
Dog DaysOctober 26, 2013Dog Days is a captivating portrait of American entrepreneurship. When Coite Manuel, a first-time entrepreneur, enters the street food business, he enlists the help of two unlikely women: Deane, his harp-playing aunt, and Siyone, an East African hotdog vendor and single mother of four. Coite stakes his meager life savings on a vision to revive Washington, D.C.'s, dwindling street vending community. Along the way, he faces bewildering challenges, including hostile city regulations and an entrenched local monopoly. Even though success doesn't come easily, Coite and Siyone fight to maintain hope in the face of adversity. Dog Days explores themes of immigration, vocation, and the power of perseverance. [38] [39] MPI-supported film
Honor FlightAugust 11, 2012Honor Flight is a heartwarming documentary about four World War II veterans and a Midwest community coming together to give them the trip of a lifetime. Volunteers race against the clock to fly thousands of these heroes to Washington, D.C., to see the memorials constructed in their honor. The trips are called "Honor Flights" and for the veterans, who are in their late 80s, it's often the first time they've been thanked and the last trip of their lives. [40] [41] MPI-supported film
L1ttl3 Br0th3r2012A political thriller with a sci-fi twist, L1ttl3 Br0th3r follows a fictional Nobel laureate who risks everything to challenge the status quo. Exploring how technology has become a powerful tool for oppressors and freedom fighters alike, the film makes a timely contribution to current debates over state surveillance, technological activism, and government control. [42] [43] MPI-supported film directed by Cyrus Saidi and Gautam Pinto.
ChosinSeptember 10, 2010At the height of the Korean War, 15,000 U.S. troops were trapped and outnumbered 10-to-1. In a harrowing battle, these soldiers fought 78-miles to freedom and saved the lives of 98,000 refugees. After 60 years of silence, the survivors of the Chosin Reservoir Campaign take us on a heart-pounding journey through one of the most savage battles in American history. [44] [45] MPI-supported film
Battle for Brooklyn July 9, 2010Battle for Brooklyn follows the activists who fought to save people's homes and property rights during the development of a professional basketball arena in Brooklyn. Widely known as the Atlantic Yards project, the undertaking was a major source of contention as local residents resisted a developer's attempt to use eminent domain to seize their homes and businesses. [46] [47] MPI-supported film
Good FortuneJune 2009Through intimate portraits of three individuals living in the poorest areas of Kenya, Good Fortune explores how massive, international efforts to alleviate poverty in Africa may be undermining the very communities they aim to benefit. [48] [49] MPI-supported film
2081 May 29, 20092081 is a star-studded adaptation of Kurt Vonnegut's short story "Harrison Bergeron". The film is set in a dystopian future where everyone is "equal every which way." In this stifling world, a Handicapper General goes to enormous lengths to punish individualism. [50] [51] MPI Original Film directed by Chandler Tuttle.
Freedom's Fury August 25, 2006Freedom's Fury centers on the 1956 Olympic semifinal water polo match between Hungary and Russia. This so-called "Blood in the Water Match" took place in Melbourne, Australia, weeks after Soviet forces brutally suppressed the 1956 Hungarian Revolution. The film is narrated by Olympic gold medalist Mark Spitz. [52] [53] MPI-supported film
The Singing Revolution June 26, 2007Music was the weapon of choice for Estonians who sought to free themselves from decades of Soviet occupation. Between 1987 and 1991, hundreds of thousands gathered in fields to sing forbidden patriotic songs and rally for independence. The Singing Revolution documents how the Estonian people sang their way to freedom while helping topple an empire. [54] [55] MPI-supported film
Hammer & Tickle April 30, 2006 George Orwell observed that, under repressive political regimes, jokes are "tiny revolutions." Hammer & Tickle expands on that statement, showing how jokes enabled people in the Soviet Bloc to defy state authority. In 2006, Lewis's documentary won the Zurich Film Festival's award for "Best New Documentary Film". It has been broadcast by the BBC in Britain and by ARTE in France, and has inspired an accompanying book. [56] MPI-supported film

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Republican Institute</span> US-funded international organization

The International Republican Institute (IRI) is an American nonprofit organization founded in 1983 and funded and supported by the United States federal government. Most of its board is drawn from the Republican Party. It is committed to advancing freedom and democracy worldwide by helping political parties to become more issue-based and responsive, assisting citizens to participate in government planning, and working to increase the role of marginalized groups in the political process, including women and youth. It was initially known as the National Republican Institute for International Affairs.

MPI Media Group is an American producer, distributor and licensor of theatrical film and home entertainment. MPI's subsidiaries include MPI Pictures, MPI Home Video, Gorgon Video, and the horror film distributor Dark Sky Films. The company is located in Orland Park, Illinois, and was founded in 1976 by brothers Malik & Waleed Ali.

<i>Kundun</i> 1997 film directed by Martin Scorsese

Kundun is a 1997 American epic biographical film written by Melissa Mathison and directed by Martin Scorsese. It is based on the life and writings of Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, the exiled political and spiritual leader of Tibet. Tenzin Thuthob Tsarong, a grandnephew of the Dalai Lama, stars as the adult Dalai Lama, while Tencho Gyalpo, a niece of the Dalai Lama, appears as the Dalai Lama's mother.

The Heartland International Film Festival is a film festival held each October in Indianapolis, Indiana. The festival was first held in 1992, its goal is to "inspire filmmakers and audiences through the transformative power of film".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thor Halvorssen (human rights activist)</span> Venezuelan human rights activist

Thor Leonardo Halvorssen Mendoza is a Venezuelan human rights advocate and film producer with contributions in the field of public policy.

Manitoba Public Insurance Corporation is the non-profit Crown corporation which administers public auto insurance, motor vehicle registration, and driver licensing in Manitoba. Established by the Government of Manitoba in 1971, it is headquartered in the provincial capital Winnipeg.

<i>Tarzan and His Mate</i> 1934 film by Jack Conway, Cedric Gibbons

Tarzan and His Mate is a 1934 American pre-Code action adventure film based on the Tarzan character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs. Directed by Cedric Gibbons, it was the second in the Tarzan film series and starred Johnny Weissmuller and Maureen O'Sullivan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Migration Policy Institute</span>

The Migration Policy Institute (MPI) is an American non-partisan think tank established in 2001 by Kathleen Newland and Demetrios G. Papademetriou. The Migration Policy Institute is supportive of liberal immigration policies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human Rights Foundation</span> Human rights non-government organisation

The Human Rights Foundation (HRF) is a non-profit organization that focuses on promoting and protecting human rights globally, with an emphasis on closed societies. HRF organizes the Oslo Freedom Forum. The Human Rights Foundation was founded in 2005 by Thor Halvorssen Mendoza, a Venezuelan film producer and human rights advocate. The current chairman is Russian chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov, and Javier El-Hage is the current chief legal officer. The foundation's head office is in the Empire State Building in New York City.

<i>2081</i> (film) 2009 American film

2081 is a 2009 science fiction featurette which premiered at the Seattle International Film Festival on May 29, 2009. It is directed and written by Chandler Tuttle, based on the 1961 short story "Harrison Bergeron" by author Kurt Vonnegut. The cast is led by James Cosmo, Julie Hagerty, Patricia Clarkson, and Armie Hammer. The story paints a picture through the use of hyperbole of a future in which a powerful, dictatorial government goes to extreme measures to ensure that absolute equality exists between all individuals.

Lee Raymond Brooks is a composer and sound designer for film.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kemba Walker</span> American basketball player (born 1990)

Kemba Hudley Walker is an American professional basketball player for AS Monaco of the French LNB Pro A and the EuroLeague. Walker was picked ninth overall by the Charlotte Bobcats in the 2011 NBA draft. He played college basketball for the Connecticut Huskies. In their 2010–11 season, Walker was the nation's second-leading scorer and was named consensus first-team All-American; he also led the Huskies to the 2011 NCAA championship and claimed the tournament's Most Outstanding Player award. Walker is a four-time NBA All-Star.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tibetan diaspora</span> Communities of Tibetans living outside of Tibet

The Tibetan diaspora are the diaspora of Tibetan people living outside Tibet.

<i>Freedoms Fury</i> 2006 American film

Freedom's Fury is a documentary film about the semifinal water polo match between Hungary and the USSR at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. The match took place against the background of the Hungarian Revolution, that was brutally crushed by the Soviet army, and it quickly turned into a violent battle, with contemporaries dubbing it the "Blood in the Water match."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Multidimensional Poverty Index</span> Range of poverty indicators

Multidimensional Poverty Indices use a range of indicators to calculate a summary poverty figure for a given population, in which a larger figure indicates a higher level of poverty. This figure considers both the proportion of the population that is deemed poor, and the 'breadth' of poverty experienced by these 'poor' households, following the Alkire & Foster 'counting method'. The method was developed following increased criticism of monetary and consumption based poverty measures, seeking to capture the deprivations in non-monetary factors that contribute towards well-being. While there is a standard set of indicators, dimensions, cutoffs and thresholds used for a 'Global MPI', the method is flexible and there are many examples of poverty studies that modify it to best suit their environment. The methodology has been mainly, but not exclusively, applied to developing countries.

Chandler Tuttle is an American writer and director who currently serves as creative director of the Oslo Freedom Forum. He lives in New York City.

<i>American Innovations</i> History podcast

American Innovations is a podcast by Wondery. The series is hosted by Steven Johnson covers the stories behind the innovations and their innovators.

<i>Miss Virginia</i> (film) 2019 film

Miss Virginia is an 2019 American drama film directed by R.J. Daniel Hanna and starring Uzo Aduba in a title role as a struggling inner-city mother who sacrifices everything to give her son a good education. Supporting cast include Matthew Modine, Niles Fitch, Amirah Vann, Adina Porter, Aunjanue Ellis, and Vanessa Williams. The film is based on a true story.

References

  1. ↑ "Moving Picture Institute GuideStar Profile". GuideStar. Retrieved 2018-08-06.
  2. 1 2 "Advisors". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-06.
  3. ↑ "Form 990 2019" (PDF).
  4. ↑ "Mission". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-06.
  5. ↑ "A Maverick Mogul, Proudly Politically Incorrect". New York Times. 2007-08-19. Retrieved 2012-08-16.
  6. ↑ "MPI to Produce Dramatic Comedy Based on the True Story of Pinball Wizard Roger Sharpe".
  7. ↑ "The Kemba Smith Story". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2020-10-10.
  8. ↑ "The Moving Picture Institute in Association with BET to Produce Drama Based on the Life of Criminal Justice Reform Advocate Kemba Smith". BET.com. Retrieved 2020-10-10.
  9. ↑ "Melony Armstrong Story". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2020-10-10.
  10. ↑ "The Perfect One". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
  11. ↑ "A Piece of Cake". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
  12. ↑ "'A Piece of Cake' Continues Its Festival Circuit Success!". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2020-10-10.
  13. ↑ "Miss Virginia (2019)". Fandango. Retrieved 2020-07-31.
  14. ↑ "Miss Virginia". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  15. ↑ Hanna, R. J. Daniel, Miss Virginia, Uzo Aduba, Matthew Modine, Adina Porter, retrieved 2018-08-07
  16. ↑ "Regulation". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
  17. ↑ "The Conqueror". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
  18. ↑ "THE CONQUEROR". THE CONQUEROR. Retrieved 2019-04-26.
  19. ↑ "Gringa". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  20. ↑ Murray, Claudia S., Gringa, Lidia Porto, Fernando Martinez, Ruben Rabasa, retrieved 2018-08-07
  21. ↑ "Moving Violation". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  22. ↑ Hinson, Laura Waters, Moving Violation, Alana Raquel Bowers, Claire Buckingham, Milana Vayntrub, retrieved 2018-08-07
  23. ↑ "Mama Rwanda". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  24. ↑ Hinson, Laura Waters, Mama Rwanda , retrieved 2018-08-07
  25. ↑ "Corrections". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  26. ↑ "Dreaming Against the World". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  27. ↑ Bello, Francisco; Sternberg, Tim, Dreaming Against the World, Alex Fox, Fenton Li, retrieved 2018-08-07
  28. ↑ "How Jack Became Black". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  29. ↑ Steele, Eli (2018), How Jack Became Black, Justin Gordon, retrieved 2018-08-07
  30. ↑ "What We Started". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  31. ↑ Marcus, Bert; Saidi, Cyrus (2018-03-23), What We Started, Steve Angello, Carl Cox, Chip Eberhart, retrieved 2018-08-07
  32. ↑ "Incarcerating US". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  33. ↑ Hines, Regan, Incarcerating US, Judge Robert Holmes Bell, Ginger Fenter, Neill Franklin, retrieved 2018-08-07
  34. ↑ "State of Control". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  35. ↑ Johnston, Christian; Mann, Darren (2016-01-01), State of Control, Tenzin Tsundue, Tenzin Seldon, Lhamo Tso, retrieved 2018-08-07
  36. ↑ "The Immortalists". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  37. ↑ Alvarado, David; Sussberg, Jason (2014-03-08), The Immortalists, Aubrey de Grey, Bill Andrews, Ralph Andrews, retrieved 2018-08-07
  38. ↑ "Dog Days". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  39. ↑ Hinson, Laura Waters; Kirby, Kasey (2013-10-26), Dog Days , retrieved 2018-08-07
  40. ↑ "Honor Flight". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  41. ↑ Hayes, Dan (2012-08-11), Honor Flight, Bert Brach, Earl Bruss, Joe Dean, retrieved 2018-08-07
  42. ↑ "L1TTL3 BR0TH3R". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  43. ↑ Pinto, Gautam; Saidi, Cyrus (2012), Little Brother, Natalie Brown, Stephen McHattie, Navid Negahban, retrieved 2018-08-07
  44. ↑ "Chosin". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  45. ↑ Iglesias, Brian (2010-09-10), Chosin , retrieved 2018-08-07
  46. ↑ "Battle for Brooklyn". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  47. ↑ Galinsky, Michael; Hawley, Suki (2011-06-17), Battle for Brooklyn , retrieved 2018-08-07
  48. ↑ "Good Fortune". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  49. ↑ Soest, Landon Van, Good Fortune , retrieved 2018-08-07
  50. ↑ "2081". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  51. ↑ Tuttle, Chandler (2009-05-29), 2081, James Cosmo, Julie Hagerty, Armie Hammer, retrieved 2018-08-07
  52. ↑ "Freedom's Fury". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  53. ↑ Gray, Colin K. (2006-09-07), Freedom's Fury, Viktor Ageyev, Antal Bolvari, János Bük, retrieved 2018-08-07
  54. ↑ "The Singing Revolution". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.
  55. ↑ Tusty, James; Tusty, Maureen Castle, The Singing Revolution, Heiki Ahonen, Gustav Ernesaks, Linda Hunt, retrieved 2018-08-07
  56. ↑ "Hammer & Tickle". Moving Picture Institute. Retrieved 2018-08-07.

40°43′10″N74°00′36″W / 40.7195°N 74.0101°W / 40.7195; -74.0101

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.