Mudflat hiking

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Group of mudflat hikers near Pieterburen, Netherlands Wadlopen bij Pieterburen 02a.jpg
Group of mudflat hikers near Pieterburen, Netherlands
Mudflat hiker in Wadden Sea near Wilhelmshaven, Germany Wadden Sea Wilhelmshaven.jpg
Mudflat hiker in Wadden Sea near Wilhelmshaven, Germany

Mudflat hiking (Danish : Vadehavsvandring, Dutch : Wadlopen, West Frisian: Waadrinnen, German : Wattwandern) is a recreation enjoyed in the Netherlands, northwest Germany, Denmark, England and France. Mudflat hikers are people who, with the aid of a tide table, use a period of low water to walk and wade on the watershed of the mudflats, especially from the Frisian mainland coast to the Frisian islands. [1]

The Wadden Sea, a belt of the North Sea, is well suited to this traditional practice. Belts of this shallow sea lie off the mainland of the Netherlands, between Friesland and the Frisian Islands; off the coast of northwestern Germany; and off the coast of southwest Jutland in Denmark.

In the Netherlands, mudflat hikers can walk from the mainland to Terschelling, Ameland, Engelsmanplaat, Schiermonnikoog, Simonszand, and Rottumeroog. Other mudflat hiking routes are known but are not recommended, either because of their inherent dangers (the correct path is difficult to follow and/or there are insufficient margins of error in timing the trip) or for the minimization of ecological disturbance, or both. In Germany, mudflat hikers can walk to the East Frisian Islands of Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog, Spiekeroog, Minsener-Oldoog and Neuwerk. The North Frisian Halligen Süderoog, Südfall, Oland, Langeneß, Gröde, and Nordstrandischmoor as well as the island Föhr can also be reached from the mainland. [2] There is also a connection between the islands Amrum and Föhr. [1] For this specific route, a guide is mandatory.

In Denmark, mudflat hikers can walk to Mandø, Fanø, and Langli.

The same activity is occasionally practiced in England, most commonly making use of abandoned sub-tidal carriage roads once used by horse-drawn traffic. The best-known example is the crossing of Morecambe Bay, where guided walks along the 11km route are led by the current holder of the ancient office of King's Guide to the Sands. Another is The Broomway in Essex. Both routes pose severe potential dangers and walkers are usually led by experienced guides.

In France, it is possible to hike across Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in Normandy. As elsewhere, it is strongly recommended to do so accompanied by an official guide. [3]

Mudflat hiking in East Frisia, Germany Mudflat hiking.JPG
Mudflat hiking in East Frisia, Germany

Regulation

Mudflat waders Boek2-82.jpg
Mudflat waders

In Dutch waters, mudflat hiking is only allowed with an appropriate license or under the supervision of a licensed guide, and only on recognized routes. [4] In the Netherlands, Dijkstra's Wadlooptochten Pieterburen, Wadloopcentrum Fryslân in Holwerd, Wadloopcentrum Pieterburen Pieterburen, Stichting Uithuizerwad Uithuizen, Wadloopvereniging Arenicola Groningen, Wadgidsengroep Noord Nederland, and the Fryske Waedrinners are organisations for the training of mudflat hiking guides and the preservation of the sport.

Though the tides change in very regular cycles, anyone can easily misjudge the situation and find themselves quickly surrounded by the rising water on all sides, far away from the beaches. A guide should be hired to prevent any mishaps. [1]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ameland</span> Municipality in Friesland, Netherlands

Ameland is a municipality and one of the West Frisian Islands off the north coast of the Netherlands. It consists mostly of sand dunes. It is the third major island of the West Frisians. It neighbours islands Terschelling to the west and Schiermonnikoog to the east. This includes the small Engelsmanplaat and Rif sandbanks to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Frisian Islands</span>

The North Frisian Islands are the Frisian Islands off the coast of North Frisia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">East Frisian Islands</span>

The East Frisian Islands are a chain of islands in the North Sea, off the coast of East Frisia in Lower Saxony, Germany. The islands extend for some 90 kilometres (56 mi) from west to east between the mouths of the Ems and Jade / Weser rivers and lie about 3.5 to 10 km offshore. Between the islands and the mainland are extensive mudflats, known locally as Watten, which form part of the Wadden Sea. In front of the islands are Germany's territorial waters, which occupy a much larger area than the islands themselves. The islands, the surrounding mudflats and the territorial waters form a close ecological relationship. The island group makes up about 5% of the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mont-Saint-Michel</span> Tidal island in Normandy, France

Mont-Saint-Michel is a tidal island and mainland commune in Normandy, France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Föhr</span>

Föhrpronunciation  is one of the North Frisian Islands on the German coast of the North Sea. It is part of the Nordfriesland district in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein. Föhr is the second-largest North Sea island of Germany and a popular destination for tourists. A town and eleven distinct municipalities are located on the island. The climate is oceanic with moderate winters and relatively cool summers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amrum</span> German island

Amrum is one of the North Frisian Islands on the German North Sea coast, south of Sylt and west of Föhr. It is part of the Nordfriesland district in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein and has approximately 2,300 inhabitants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frisian Islands</span>

The Frisian Islands, also known as the Wadden Islands or the Wadden Sea Islands, form an archipelago at the eastern edge of the North Sea in northwestern Europe, stretching from the northwest of the Netherlands through Germany to the west of Denmark. The islands shield the mudflat region of the Wadden Sea from the North Sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Frisian language</span> Minority language of Germany, spoken mostly by people in North Frisia

North Frisian (nordfriisk) is a minority language of Germany, spoken by about 10,000 people in North Frisia. The language is part of the larger group of the West Germanic Frisian languages. The language comprises 10 dialects which are themselves divided into an insular and a mainland group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tidal island</span> Island accessible by foot at low tide

A tidal island is a piece of land that is connected to the mainland by a natural or man-made causeway that is exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide. Because of the mystique surrounding tidal islands, many of them have been sites of religious worship, such as Mont-Saint-Michel with its Benedictine Abbey. Tidal islands are also commonly the sites of fortresses because of their natural fortifications.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dagebüll</span> Municipality in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

Dagebüll is a municipality located at the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein in the Nordfriesland district, Germany. Today's Dagebüll was created in 1978 as a merger of the municipalities of Fahretoft, Juliane-Marien-Koog and Waygaard. Dagebüll used to be a Hallig, the oldest houses were built on artificial dwelling hills which in parts can still be seen today. In 1704 the area was secured by sea dikes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">German Bight</span> Geographic feature along the coasts of Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands

The German Bight is the southeastern bight of the North Sea bounded by the Netherlands and Germany to the south, and Denmark and Germany to the east. To the north and west it is limited by the Dogger Bank. The Bight contains the Frisian and Danish Islands. The Wadden Sea is approximately ten to twelve kilometres wide at the location of the German Bight. The Frisian islands and the nearby coastal areas are collectively known as Frisia. The southern portion of the bight is also known as the Heligoland Bight. Between 1949 and 1956 the BBC Sea Area Forecast used "Heligoland" as the designation for the area now referred to as German Bight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Halligen</span>

The Halligen or the halliger are small islands without protective dikes. They are variously pluralized in English as the Halligen, Halligs, Hallig islands, or Halligen islands. There are ten German halligen in the North Frisian Islands on Schleswig-Holstein's Wadden Sea–North Sea coast in the district of Nordfriesland and one hallig at the west coast of Denmark (Mandø).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mandø</span> Danish Wadden Sea island

Mandø is one of the Danish Wadden Sea islands off the southwest coast of Jutland, Denmark in the Wadden Sea, part of the North Sea. The island covers an area of 7.63 square kilometres and had 40 inhabitants in January 2018. The island is part of Esbjerg Municipality and is situated approximately 12 kilometres southwest of the ancient town of Ribe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wyk auf Föhr</span> Town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

Wyk auf Föhr  is the only town on Föhr, the second largest of the North Frisian Islands on the German coast of the North Sea. Like the entire island it belongs to the district of Nordfriesland. Wyk includes the two minor town districts of Boldixum and Südstrand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Couesnon</span> River in France

The Couesnon is a river running from the département of Mayenne in north-western France, forming an estuary at Mont Saint-Michel. It is 97.8 km (60.8 mi) long, and its drainage basin is 1,124 km2 (434 sq mi). Its final stretch forms the border between the historical duchies of Normandy and Brittany. Its historically irregular course, alternating between two beds on the north and south of the Mont Saint-Michel but eventually definitely settling to the south bed, inspired the saying "The Couesnon in its madness placed the Mont in Normandy", as the Mont is just to the Norman side of the river's current mouth. However, the administrative boundary separating the two regions does not depend on the course of the river, and is about six kilometers west of the Mont.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pieterburen</span> Village in Groningen, Netherlands

Pieterburen is a village in the northeastern Netherlands, located in the municipality of Het Hogeland, Groningen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dunsum</span> Municipality in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

Dunsum is a municipality located on the western shore of Föhr in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is composed of the districts of Greater and Lesser Dunsum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holwert</span> Village in Friesland, Netherlands

Holwert is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân municipality in the northern Netherlands, in the province of Friesland. It had a population of around 1,607 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nordstrandischmoor</span> Hallig in the Wadden Sea - a tidal island

Nordstrandischmoor is a Hallig off the North Frisian coast in Germany and lies within the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Capture of the North Frisian Islands</span> Campaign in the 2nd Schleswig War1864

The capture of the North Frisian Islands and Rømø in July 1864 was the last military operation of the Second Schleswig War between Denmark on the one hand and Prussia and the Austrian Empire on the other hand around the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, which belonged to Denmark. It ended with the occupation of the North Frisian Islands and Rømø by Austrian troops.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Wattwandern" (in German). Retrieved 2009-08-19.
  2. "Nordseetourimus" (in German). Retrieved 2017-02-05.
  3. Crossing the Bay of the Mont-Saint-Michel on foot - Normandy Tourism, France
  4. "Wadloopverordening 1996" (PDF).