NGC 4344

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NGC 4344
NGC4344 - SDSS DR14.jpg
NGC 4344 image by SDSS
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Coma Berenices
Right ascension 12h 23m 37.5470s [1]
Declination +17° 32′ 28.554″ [1]
Distance 70.8 Mly
Characteristics
Type SB0? [1]
Other designations
NGC 4344, UGC 07468, KUG 1221+178, VCC 0655, CGCG 099-037 [1]

NGC 4344 is a small lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Coma Berenices. NGC 4344 was discovered by the German-British astronomer William Herschel in 1784. [1] [2]

The M49 and M60 groups and the Virgo Cluster

According to A.M. Garcia, NGC 4423 is one of the many galaxies in the M49 group (127 in total), which he described in an article published in 1993. This list includes 63 galaxies from the New General Catalogue , including NGC 4382 (M85), NGC 4472 (M49), NGC 4649 (M60), as well as 20 galaxies from the Index Catalogue. [3]

On the other hand, NGC 4423 also appears in a list of 227 galaxies in an article published by Abraham Mahtessian in 1998. This list includes more than 200 galaxies from the New General Catalogue and about fifteen galaxies from the Index Catalogue. Ten other galaxies from the Messier Catalogue are also found in this list: M49, M58, M60, M61, M85, M87, M88, M91, M99, and M100. [4]

Not all the galaxies in Mahtessian's list actually constitute a single galaxy group. Rather, they are several groups of galaxies, all part of a galaxy cluster, the Virgo Cluster. To avoid confusion with the Virgo Cluster, this collection of galaxies can be called the M60 Group, as M60 is one of the brightest galaxies on the list. The Virgo Cluster is indeed much larger and is estimated to contain around 1,300 galaxies, and possibly more than 2,000, located at the core of the Virgo Supercluster, which includes the Local Group. [5] [6] [7]

Many galaxies in Mahtessian's list are found in eleven groups described in the article by AM Garcia, namely the NGC 4123 group (7 galaxies), the NGC 4261 group (13 galaxies), the NGC 4235 group (29 galaxies), the M88 group (13 galaxies, M88 = NGC 4501), the NGC 4461 group (9 galaxies), the M61 group (32 galaxies, M61 = NGC 4303), the NGC 4442 group (13 galaxies), the M87 group (96 galaxies, M87 = NGC 4486), the M49 group (127 galaxies, M49 = NGC 4472), the NGC 4535 group (14 galaxies) and the NGC 4753 group (15 galaxies). These eleven groups are part of the Virgo Cluster and contain 396 galaxies. However, some galaxies from Mahtessian's list do not appear in any of Garcia's groups, and vice versa.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "By Name | NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2025-12-30.
  2. ↑ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4300 - 4349" . Retrieved 29 December 2025.
  3. ↑ Garcia, A. M. (1993). "General study of group membership. II. Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G. ISSN   0365-0138.
  4. ↑ Mahtessian, A. P. (July 1998). "Groups of galaxies. III. Some empirical characteristics". Astrophysics. 41 (3): 308–321. Bibcode:1998Ap.....41..308M. doi:10.1007/BF03036100. ISSN   0571-7256.
  5. ↑ "Virgo Cluster | COSMOS". astronomy.swin.edu.au. Retrieved 2025-12-30.
  6. ↑ Fouque, P.; Gourgoulhon, E.; Chamaraux, P.; Paturel, G. (May 1992). "Groups of galaxies within 80 Mpc. II. The catalogue of groups and group members". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 93: 211–233. Bibcode:1992A&AS...93..211F. ISSN   0365-0138.
  7. ↑ Tully, R. B. (June 1982). "The Local Supercluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 257: 389. Bibcode:1982ApJ...257..389T. doi:10.1086/159999. ISSN   0004-637X.
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