National Bible Institute School and Dormitory (New York City)

Last updated
The Sherwood
Sherwood Apartment Building.jpg
National Bible Institute School and Dormitory (New York City)
General information
Type Housing cooperative
Architectural style Venetian-Gothic
Address340 West 55th Street
Town or cityNew York City
CountryUnited States
Construction started1922
Completed1925
Technical details
Structural system Skyscraper
Floor count11
Design and construction
Architect(s) McKenzie, Voorhees and Gmelin
Main contractorJohn Lowry Inc.

The National Bible Institute School and Dormitory is an historic "pre-war" Venetian-Gothic building at 340 West 55th Street between Eighth Avenue and Ninth Avenue in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was built in 1925 to serve as a school and dormitory for The National Bible Institute. Today it is a 56 - unit luxury co-op building known as The Sherwood.

Contents

History

The Sherwood was built in 1925 originally constructed as the National Bible Institute's new headquarters, by the prestigious architects McKenzie, Voorhees and Gmelin. The building opened on October 13, 1925, at a cost of $1,350,000. with accommodations for 240 resident pupils. The original structure consisted of a library, laboratory, classrooms, lecture hall, dining room, and an auditorium on the main floor.

In May 1950, the National Bible Institute received permission from the New York State Board of Regents to change the institutions name to Shelton College in honor of its founder, Don O. Shelton and to grant the degree of Bachelor of Arts. With its growing activities, Shelton College sold the building in 1952 and moved to Ringwood, New Jersey.

National Bible Institute School & Dormitory- May 4, 1926 National Bible Institute School.jpg
National Bible Institute School & Dormitory- May 4, 1926
Entrance to the National Bible Institute. Entrance to the National Bible Institute in New York City..jpg
Entrance to the National Bible Institute.

In 1952 the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York purchased the building with plans to modernize it for use as a home for the aged. Again the architectural firm Voorhees, Walker, Foley & Smith were hired to alter the building to house 177 elderly men and women. On March 20, 1955 Cardinal Francis Spellman blessed and dedicated the new $2,250,000 Josephine Baird Home for the Aged, operated by the Carmelite Sisters for the Aged and Infirm. The facility was closed in 1972 when it could no longer be brought up to building codes.

In the 1975, the Hare Krishnas purchased the building for $1,000,000 and called 340 West 55th their "Skyscraper temple", amenities included a theater, gift shop, museum, soup kitchen and a hotel, with hundreds of followers living communally in the upper floors. In 1977, Swami Prabhupada died, and soon thereafter, the Krishnas were troubled with financial difficulties. In 1981 local leadership decided to sell the Manhattan property. In 1982, the building was transformed into co-op apartments, as it is known today.

Architecture

The Sherwood blends stone, brick and Venetian-style balconies to make it a unique gem on this quiet block. Its relatively simple architecture is rock-solid secure, a reassuring beacon of civilized urban architecture. Its great gray stone base is only one-and-a-half stories high. The George Washington Stone Company built the foundation and base. Detailed carving rest atop the two columns at its canopied entrance with a scalloped band-course above its second floor which is not highlighted by its color, The red tiles of a mid-level setback on the eastern portion of the façade are not pronounced but echo the band-course one floor below. Its angled west wing is sophisticated and subtle and scarcely noticeable.

The bright pink stone window surrounds and the corner quoins on the western end of the second floor are somewhat muted by the seven columned curved rock balconies beneath the windows. The building's west wing has a Venetian-style loggia with seven slender arches on the 9th floor beneath a setback terrace.

The naturalistic, low relief ornament motifs that run along its gray stone base was produced by the architectural sculptors Ulysses Ricci and John De Cesare. Fruits, animals and twisting vines can be discerned, as well as a bible centered above the entrance, the symbol of the National Bible Institute. These stylized elements sit somewhere between medieval revival and Art Deco.

Notable residents

Notes

1. "New home for the aged; $2,250,000 Baird edifice is dedicated by Spellman," New York Times, 3/21/1955, pg. 27

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</span> Indian spiritual teacher (1896–1977)

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (1896–1977) was a spiritual, philosophical, and religious teacher from India who spread the Hare Krishna mantra and the teachings of “Krishna consciousness” to the world. Born as Abhay Charan De and later legally named Abhay Charanaravinda Bhaktivedanta Swami, he is often referred to as “Bhaktivedanta Swami”, "Srila Prabhupada", or simply “Prabhupada”.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Society for Krishna Consciousness</span> Religious organisation

The International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), known colloquially as the Hare Krishna movement, is a Gaudiya Vaishnava Hindu religious organization. It was founded on 13 July 1966 in New York City by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. Its main headquarters is located today in West Bengal, India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Satsvarupa dasa Goswami</span> American poet and disciple of Bhaktivedanta Swami (born 1939)

Satsvarupa das Goswami is a senior disciple of Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, who founded the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), better known in the West as the Hare Krishna movement. Serving as a writer, poet, and artist, Satsvarupa dasa Goswami is the author of Bhaktivedanta Swami's authorized biography, Srila Prabhupada-lilamrta. After Prabhupada's death, Satsvarupa dasa Goswami was one of the eleven disciples selected to initiate future disciples. Satsvarupa dasa Goswami is one of the first few Westerners ordained by Bhaktivedanta Swami in September 1966. He is a Vaishnava writer, poet, and lecturer, who published over a hundred books including poems, memoirs, essays, novels, and studies based on the Vaishnava scriptures.

Bhakti Chaitanya Swami is a Gaudiya Vaishnava swami and a religious leader of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness. He is a member of its Governing Body Commission and is the leader of ISKCON in South Africa, the Baltic states and Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bhakti Charu Swami</span> Indian ISKCON spiritual leader (1945–2020)

Bhakti Charu Swami was an Indian spiritual leader of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON). He was also a disciple of ISKCON's founder A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kirtanananda Swami</span> American Hindu guru (1937–2011)

Kirtanananda Swami, also known as Bhaktipada, was a Gaudiya Vaishnava guru and the co-founder of New Vrindaban, a Hare Krishna community in Marshall County, West Virginia, where he served as spiritual leader from 1968 until 1994.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jayadvaita Swami</span>

Jayadvaita Swami, a Gaudiya Vaishnava swami, is an editor, writer, publisher, and teacher and a disciple of A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, founder of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON). He was the seniormost editor for the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust for more than forty years. He served as a trustee for the Book Trust from 1988 through 2017. He has been described as "one of ISKCON's most independent-minded and respected thinkers." He is the author of Vanity Karma: Ecclesiastes, the Bhagavad-gita, and the meaning of life, a cross-cultural commentary on the biblical book of Ecclesiastes. The book won the 2016 Benjamin Franklin Book Award from the Independent Book Publishers Association as the best book in the "religion" category.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Radhanath Swami</span> American Gaudiya Vaishnava guru

Radhanath Swami is an American Hindu Gaudiya Vaishnava guru, community-builder, activist, and author. He has been a Bhakti Yoga practitioner and a spiritual teacher for more than 50 years. He is the inspiration behind ISKCON's free midday meal for 1.2 million school kids across India, and he has been instrumental in founding the Bhaktivedanta Hospital in Mumbai. He works largely from Mumbai and travels extensively throughout Europe and America. In the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), he serves as a member of the Governing Body Commission. Steven J. Rosen described Radhanath Swami as a "saintly person respected by the mass of ISKCON devotees today."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Vrindaban</span> Unincorporated area in West Virginia, United States

New Vrindaban is an unincorporated area and an ISKCON intentional community located in Marshall County, West Virginia, United States, near Moundsville. The town consists of 1,204 acres (4.87 km2), and several building complexes, homes, apartment buildings, and businesses including the Sri Sri Radha Vrindaban Chandra Temple and Prabhupada's Palace of Gold. New Vrindaban was founded in 1968 under the direct guidance of A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, founder of ISKCON, by his disciple Kirtanananda Swami. It is named for the Indian city of Vrindavan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hinduism in Hungary</span>

Hinduism is a minority religion in Hungary. According to the 2022 census, there were 3,307 Hindus in Hungary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harikesa Swami</span>

Harikesa Das, formerly known as Harikesa Swami and by the honorific Vishnupada, born Robert Campagnola, was one of the leading disciples of A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada and a guru within the International Society of Krishna Consciousness. He left ISKCON in 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jayatirtha Dasa</span> Guru of ISKCON

Jayatirtha Das, formerly Jayatirtha Goswami was one of the leading disciples of A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada and a guru within the International Society for Krishna Consciousness. Born James Edward Immel and also known as Bhakti Vijaya Tirtha, Tirthapada and Vijaya Acharya, Jayatirtha was appointed a life trustee of the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust by his guru, Prabhupada, who also placed him in the managerial post of the fledgling Spiritual Sky company. Under Jayatirtha's able management the company became a multimillion-dollar concern and the Wall Street Journal covered the company's success with a front-page article.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Romapada Swami</span>

Romapada Swami is a Vaishnava sannyasi, initiating guru and is currently on leave as a governing body commissioner of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hare Krishna movement and sexual orientation</span>

Hare Krishna views of homosexuality, and especially the view of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) towards LGBT issues, are similar to their views of heterosexual relationships, i.e. because the living entity is identifying with the body, any attraction based on the desire to gratify the body and its senses is symptomatic of illusion and can be purified by progressively elevating the consciousness. Put simply, both hetero- and homosexual attraction is due to an illusory attachment to the temporary body. Same-sex relations and gender variance have been represented within Hinduism from Vedic times through to the present day, in rituals, law books, mythical narratives, commentaries, paintings, and sculpture. The extent to which these representations embrace or reject homosexuality has been disputed within the religion as well as outside of it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ISKCON guru system</span>

An ISKCON guru is a person who is permitted to initiate disciples into the International Society for Krishna Consciousness system. The guru system has undergone several changes and reform since its beginnings in the 1960s. Upanayana as a traditional "sacred thread ceremony" of the Gayatri Mantra, commonly known Hindu Samskara, is complemented by Pancaratric mantras of the Gaudiya Vaishnava sampradaya and follows the principal initial nama initiation ceremony, referred to respectively as brahmana diksa and Hari nama diksa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ISKCON Temple, Bangalore</span> Temple in Bangalore devoted to Radha Krishna

Sri Radha Krishna-Chandra Temple is one of the largest Krishna-Hindu temples in the world. It is situated in Bangalore in the Indian state of Karnataka. The temple is dedicated to Hindu deities Radha Krishna and propagates monotheism as mentioned in Chandogya Upanishad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tamal Krishna Goswami</span>

Tamal Krishna Goswami, born Thomas G. Herzig in New York City, New York, United States, served on the International Society for Krishna Consciousness's Governing Body Commission from its inception in 1970. He completed a bachelor's degree in religious studies at Southern Methodist University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ISKCON Temple, Chennai</span> Radha Krishna temple in Chennai, India

ISKCON Temple Chennai, also known as the Sri Sri Radha Krishna Mandir, is a Gaudiya Vaishnavism temple in Chennai, India. The temple is dedicated to Supreme Lord Krishna and His divine consort Radha. It was formally inaugurated on 26 April 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bhakti Rakshak Sridhar</span> Indian guru

Bhakti Rakshak Sridhar was an Indian guru, writer, sannyasi and spiritual leader in the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, founder-president-acharya of the Sri Chaitanya Saraswat Math.

References

    40°45′58″N73°59′08″W / 40.766010°N 73.985629°W / 40.766010; -73.985629