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Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils or aroma compounds (fragrances), fixatives and solvents, usually in liquid form, used to give the human body, animals, food, objects, and living-spaces an agreeable scent. Perfumes can be defined as substances that emit and diffuse a pleasant and fragrant odor. They consist of manmade mixtures of aromatic chemicals and essential oils. The 1939 Nobel Laureate for Chemistry, Leopold Ružička stated in 1945 that "right from the earliest days of scientific chemistry up to the present time, perfumes have substantially contributed to the development of organic chemistry as regards methods, systematic classification, and theory."
Thomas Carlyle Ford is an American fashion designer and filmmaker. He launched his eponymous brand in 2005, having previously been the creative director at Gucci and Yves Saint Laurent. Ford wrote and directed the films A Single Man (2009) and Nocturnal Animals (2016). From 2019 to 2022, he was chairman of the Council of Fashion Designers of America.
Jean Patou was a French fashion designer, and founder of the Jean Patou brand.
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Francisco Rabaneda Cuervo, more commonly known under the pseudonym of Paco Rabanne, was a Spanish-born naturalised-French fashion designer.
Maurice Roucel is a French perfumer who has worked at the companies IFF, Quest, Dragoco and presently Symrise. Roucel began his career in perfumery on February 19, 1973, while working as the head chromatography chemist at Chanel for 6 years. He commenced his apprenticeship under Henri Robert, Chanel's house perfumer at the time. He joined Quest International and for 12 years developed his craft as a perfumer before switching to work for Symrise in 1996. Most of the fragrances composed by Roucel have his signature scent of Michelia longifolia.
Charles of the Ritz is a former cosmetics brand known for its line of perfumes.
Anja Rubik is a Polish model, activist, philanthropist and entrepreneur. She is one of the most prominent models of the 20th and 21st century, continuously featuring on magazine covers, as well as runways and campaigns for the most notable fashion houses. By 2009, Rubik was dubbed a "top model" by French Vogue and continues to influence the fashion industry.
Jean-Claude Ellena is a French perfumer and writer. He served as the in-house perfumer at Hermes from 2004 and 2016, prior to the appointment of incumbent Christine Nagel. He has collaborated with other major brands such as Van Cleef & Arpels, Aqua di Parma, Bulgari, Sisley, Cartier, Frédéric Malle, The Different Company, or Le Couvent - Maison de Parfum.
Annick Ménardo is a French perfumer who has worked for the fragrance firm Firmenich since 1991.
Christophe Laudamiel is a French perfumer, chemist, writer and model. He is co-founder and Master Perfumer of DreamAir creative studios in New York City, where he currently resides. In 2019 he was named Chief Perfumer to BélAir Lab in Tokyo: a perfume composition and technology studio newly managed by Rohto Pharmaceuticals. He is a founder and president of the non-profit Academy of Perfumery and Aromatics.
Jacques Cavallier-Belletrud is a French perfumer, formerly with the Swiss fragrance and flavor company Firmenich, who currently works for Louis Vuitton of the LVMH Luxury Group.
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Dominique Ropion is a French master perfumer. Born in Paris, he trained at Roure Bertrand Dupont in Grasse. After joining International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. in 2000, Ropion has worked for fragrance brands including Christian Dior, Thierry Mugler, Lancôme, Givenchy, Frédéric Malle, Issey Miyake, Yves Saint Laurent, Paco Rabanne and The Body Shop.
Joséphine Catapano was an American perfumer.
Tom Ford SA is an American luxury fashion house founded by namesake designer Tom Ford in 2005. Its product line features ready-to-wear and made-to-measure offerings, as well as footwear, accessories, handbags and fragrances.
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References
- 1 2 "Гройсман Сафія". Дзяржаўная ўстанова культуры «Гродзенская абласная навуковая бібліятэка імя Я.Ф.Карскага». Дзяржаўная ўстанова культуры. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
- 1 2 Nemy, Enid (February 11, 1993). "In the World of Fragrance, Reputations Rest on the Nose . . ". The New York Times . Retrieved February 5, 2010.
- ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/1993/02/11/garden/in-the-world-of-fragrance-reputations-rest-on-the-nose.html
- 1 2 "A perfumer's passion - Lancome Paris profile". Archived from the original on April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 5, 2010.
- ↑ "Perfumer - Sophia Grojsman". Frederic Malle . Retrieved 2018-07-21.
- ↑ https://ir.iff.com/news-releases/news-release-details/fragrance-foundation-honors-iff-perfumer-sophia-grojsman
- ↑ Sophia Grojsman Fragrances
- ↑ "IVS Elite Group". The website devoted to Désir Coulant - new perfume created by Sophia Grojsman.