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Japan is divided into 47 prefectures, which rank immediately below the national government and form the country's first level of jurisdiction and administrative division. They include 43 prefectures proper two urban prefectures, one "circuit" or "territory" and one metropolis. In 1868, the Meiji Fuhanken sanchisei administration created the first prefectures to replace the urban and rural administrators in the parts of the country previously controlled directly by the shogunate and a few territories of rebels/shogunate loyalists who had not submitted to the new government such as Aizu/Wakamatsu. In 1871, all remaining feudal domains (han) were also transformed into prefectures, so that prefectures subdivided the whole country. In several waves of territorial consolidation, today's 47 prefectures were formed by the turn of the century. In many instances, these are contiguous with the ancient ritsuryō provinces of Japan.
The president of the Republic of Korea is the head of state and head of government of South Korea. The President is the head of the executive branch of the Government of South Korea as well as being the commander-in-chief of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces.
Yonhap News Agency is a South Korean key news agency. It is based in Seoul, South Korea. Yonhap provides news articles, pictures and other information to newspapers, TV networks and other media in South Korea.
South Korea has a relatively unified and integrated approach to law enforcement. For example, the National Police Agency (NPA) provides all general policing services throughout the country. Due to the unitary system, local police organizations are directly under the NPA.
The National Intelligence Service is the chief intelligence agency of South Korea. The agency was officially established in 1961 as the Korean Central Intelligence Agency, during the rule of President Park Chung-hee's military Supreme Council for National Reconstruction, which displaced the Second Republic of Korea. The original duties of the KCIA were to supervise and coordinate both international and domestic intelligence activities and criminal investigation by all government intelligence agencies, including that of the military. The agency's broad powers allowed it to actively intervene in politics. Despite being involved in many controversies, it is regarded as one of the most elite intelligence agencies in Asia. Agents undergo years of training and checks before they are officially inducted and receive their first assignments.
The First Republic of Korea was the government of South Korea from August 1948 to April 1960. The First Republic was founded on 15 August 1948 after the transfer from the United States Army Military Government that governed South Korea since the end of Japanese rule in 1945, becoming the first independent capitalist republican government in Korea. Syngman Rhee became the first President of South Korea following the May 1948 general election, and the National Assembly in Seoul promulgated South Korea's first constitution in July establishing a democratic presidential system of government.
The Second Republic of Korea was the government of South Korea from April 1960 to May 1961.
The Korea Coast Guard is a South Korean law enforcement sub-agency responsible for maritime safety and control off the coast. The KCG is an independent and external branch of Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.
The Government of South Korea is a centralized democratic republic with the three primary branches of government; executive, legislative and judicial. The president acts at the head of state and is the highest figure of authority in the country, followed by the prime minister and government ministers in decreasing order.
Ministry of Security and Public Administration (MOSPA), formerly Ministry of Public Administration and Security (MOPAS), was a ministry of the national government of South Korea. The ministry was in charge of the civil and domestic affairs in South Korea including the National Police Agency and the National Emergency Management Agency.
The Korean National Police Agency (KNPA), also known as the Korean National Police (KNP), is one of the National police organizations in South Korea. It is run under the Ministry of the Interior and Safety. Its headquarter in 97, Tongil-ro, Seodaemun, Seoul. The agency is divided into 18 local police agencies, including the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency. Local police agencies are not independent of the national police.
The Public Security Ministry and the State Security Department are responsible for internal security in North Korea. Although both are government organs, they are tightly controlled by the party apparatus through the Justice and Security Commission and the penetration of their structures by the party apparatus at all levels. The formal public security structure is augmented by a pervasive system of informers throughout the society. Surveillance of citizens, both physical and electronic, is also routine.
The Ministry of State Security of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is the secret police agency of North Korea. It is an autonomous agency of the North Korean government reporting directly to the Supreme Leader. In addition to its internal security duties, it is involved in the operation of North Korea's concentration camps and various other hidden activities. It is reputed to be one of the most brutal police forces in the world, and has been involved in numerous human rights abuses.
Asan Mugunghwa Football Club was a South Korean football club based in Asan. The club's players were South Korean professional footballers who were serving their two-year military duty.
The Government of the Republic of Korea fully meets the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. The government continued to demonstrate serious and sustained efforts during the reporting period; therefore South Korea remained on Tier 1. The government demonstrated serious and sustained efforts by identifying and providing services to a comparable number of victims relative to the previous reporting period, increasing inspections of entertainment businesses, and increasing efforts to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts. Although the government meets the minimum standards, it did not adequately address labor trafficking; the government investigated and prosecuted fewer cases, and penalized and deported trafficking victims due to inadequate identification efforts.
Korean Police Baseball Team was a South Korean amateur baseball team that existed from 2005 to 2019, and competed in the KBO Futures League from 2006 through 2019. Their home stadium was Byeokje Baseball Stadium in Goyang. The team was controlled by the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, which itself is a division of the National Police Agency.
Internet censorship in South Korea is similar to other developed countries but contains some unique elements such as the blocking of pro-North Korea websites, which led to it being categorized as "pervasive" in the conflict/security area by OpenNet Initiative. It is also one of the few developed countries that block pornography and material considered harmful to minors as they are illegal by law. However, this law is very loosely applied, with many pornography websites and nudity content still freely accessible. It also does not apply to social media websites, which is a common source of legal pornography in South Korea.
Moon Jae-in is the current president of South Korea, having taken office in 2017. He previously served as chief of staff to then-president Roh Moo-hyun (2007–2008), leader of the Democratic Party of Korea (2015–2016) and a member of the 19th National Assembly (2012–2016).
The Ministry of the Interior and Safety is a branch of the Government of South Korea. The headquarters are in Jongno District, Seoul. It is responsible for national administration, management of government organizations, and e-government. Furthermore, it supports local governments in terms of local administration, finance, and regional development to promote greater local autonomy.
