Neoehrlichiosis

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Neoehrlichiosis
Specialty Infectious disease

Neoehrlichiosis is a disease caused by the intracellular pathogen Neoehrlichia mikurensis . It usually presents with symptoms such as fever and vascular complications of unclear origin, e.g., thromboembolisms. [1] [2]

The disease is diagnosed using a Neoehrlichia mikurensis-specific PCR. [3] Because Neoehrlichia mikurensis is an intracellular bacterium, cultivation on cell-free media and other routine microbiological methods can not be utilised for detection. This difficulty, along with being a relatively unknown disease, leads to many cases going undiagnosed for months or years, or even unrecognised entirely. [4]

Previously, it was believed that neoehrlichiosis only affected immunocompromised patients, [3] but more recent studies indicate that otherwise healthy individuals may also be susceptible. [2] [5] [6] [7]

References

  1. ↑ Wennerås, C. (2015-05-11). "Infections with the tick-borne bacterium Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 21 (7): 621–630. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.02.030 . PMID   25770773.
  2. 1 2 Höper, Linnea; Skoog, Elisabet; Stenson, Martin; Grankvist, Anna; Wass, Linda; Olsen, Björn; Nilsson, Kenneth; Mårtensson, Andreas; Söderlind, Jacob; Sakinis, Augustinas; Wennerås, Christine (2021-10-05). "Vasculitis due to Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis: A Cohort Study of 40 Swedish Patients" . Clinical Infectious Diseases. 73 (7): e2372 –e2378. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1217. ISSN   1058-4838. PMID   32818961.
  3. 1 2 Grankvist, A.; Andersson, P.-O.; Mattsson, M.; Sender, M.; Vaht, K.; Hoper, L.; Sakiniene, E.; Trysberg, E.; Stenson, M.; Fehr, J.; Pekova, S.; Bogdan, C.; Bloemberg, G.; Wenneras, C. (2014-06-15). "Infections With the Tick-Borne Bacterium "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis" Mimic Noninfectious Conditions in Patients With B Cell Malignancies or Autoimmune Diseases". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 58 (12): 1716–1722. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu189 . ISSN   1058-4838. PMID   24647019.
  4. ↑ Wass, Linda; Grankvist, Anna; Bell-Sakyi, Lesley; Bergström, Malin; Ulfhammer, Erik; Lingblom, Christine; Wennerås, Christine (2019-01-01). "Cultivation of the causative agent of human neoehrlichiosis from clinical isolates identifies vascular endothelium as a target of infection". Emerging Microbes & Infections. 8 (1): 413–425. doi:10.1080/22221751.2019.1584017. ISSN   2222-1751. PMC   6455172 . PMID   30898074.
  5. ↑ Quarsten, H.; Grankvist, A.; Høyvoll, L.; Myre, I.B.; Skarpaas, T.; Kjelland, V.; Wenneras, C.; Noraas, S. (August 2017). "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in the blood of Norwegian patients with erythema migrans" . Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases. 8 (5): 715–720. doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.05.004. PMID   28539197.
  6. ↑ Li, Hao; Jiang, Jia-Fu; Liu, Wei; Zheng, Yuan-Chun; Huo, Qiu-Bo; Tang, Kun; Zuo, Shuang-Yan; Liu, Kun; Jiang, Bao-Gui; Yang, Hong; Cao, Wu-Chun (October 2012). "Human Infection with Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, China". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 18 (10): 1636–1639. doi:10.3201/eid1810.120594. ISSN   1080-6040. PMC   3471638 . PMID   23017728.
  7. ↑ Welc-Falęciak, Renata; Siński, Edward; Kowalec, Maciej; Zajkowska, Joanna; Pancewicz, Sławomir A. (2014-07-17). Gilligan, P. H. (ed.). "Asymptomatic "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis" Infections in Immunocompetent Humans". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 52 (8): 3072–3074. doi:10.1128/JCM.00741-14. ISSN   0095-1137. PMC   4136151 . PMID   24899023.
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