The Mexican free-tailed bat or Brazilian free-tailed bat is a medium-sized bat native to the Americas, regarded as one of the most abundant mammals in North America. Its proclivity towards roosting in huge numbers at relatively few locations makes it vulnerable to habitat destruction in spite of its abundance. The bat is considered a species of special concern in California as a result of declining populations. It has been claimed to have the fastest horizontal speed of any animal, reaching top ground speeds over 160 km/h; its actual air speed has not been measured.
The giant otter or giant river otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) is a South American carnivorous mammal. It is the longest member of the Mustelidae, or weasel family, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to 1.7 metres (5.6 ft). Atypical of mustelids, the giant otter is a social species, with family groups typically supporting three to eight members. The groups are centered on a dominant breeding pair and are extremely cohesive and cooperative. Although generally peaceful, the species is territorial, and aggression has been observed between groups. The giant otter is diurnal, being active exclusively during daylight hours. It is the noisiest otter species, and distinct vocalisations have been documented that indicate alarm, aggression and reassurance.
The Brazilian brown bat, is a bat species from South and Central America.
The orange-brown Atlantic tree-rat or red-nosed tree-rat, is a spiny rat species from South America. It is found in Brazil.
Holochilus brasiliensis, also known as the Brazilian marsh rat or web-footed marsh rat, is a species of semiaquatic rodent from South America. It is found in northeastern Argentina, southern and eastern Brazil and in eastern Uruguay.
The largetooth cookiecutter shark is a rare species of squaliform shark in the family Dalatiidae, reported from depths of 60–200 m (200–660 ft) at scattered locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. As its common name suggests, it is similar in appearance to the cookiecutter shark but has much larger lower teeth. Most individuals also lack the dark "collar" of I. brasiliensis. This species reaches a maximum known length of 42 cm (17 in). The largetooth cookiecutter shark feeds by gouging out chunks of flesh from larger animals, including bony fishes, sharks, and marine mammals, and is able to take larger bites than I. brasiliensis. Little is known of its life history; it is thought to be a weaker swimmer than I. brasiliensis, and is presumably aplacental viviparous like the rest of its family. This shark is an infrequent bycatch of commercial trawl and longline fisheries, but is not thought to be much threatened by these activities.
Isistius is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Dalatiidae. They are commonly known as cookiecutter sharks. Members of the genus are known for their unusual behaviour and dentition.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a dimorphic fungus and the causative agent of the disease paracoccidioidomycosis. The fungus has been affiliated with the family Ajellomycetaceae although a sexual state or teleomorph has not yet been found.
Nocardia brasiliensis is a species of Nocardia. As with most members of Actinobacteria, they contain high guanine and cytosine content.
The Serra Spanish mackerel is a species of fish in the family Scombridae. Specimens have been recorded at up to 125 cm in length, and weighing up to 6.71 kg. It is found in the western Atlantic, along the Caribbean and Atlantic coasts of Central and South America from Belize to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Literature records for S. maculatus from the area apply to S. brasiliensis, which has erroneously been considered a synonym of S. maculatus by many authors. It feeds on small fish, squid/cuttlefish, shrimp/prawn, and isopods.
Gomphodontosuchus is an extinct genus of cynodonts. It was created to describe the species Gomphodontosuchus brasiliensis.
Forsteriini is a tribe of longhorn beetles of the Lamiinae subfamily.
Neohebestola is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:
Neohebestola apicalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fairmaire and Germain in 1859. It is known from Chile.
Neohebestola concolor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1798.
Neohebestola humeralis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Blanchard in 1851. It is known from Chile.
Neohebestola luchopegnai is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 1989. It is known from Chile.
Neohebestola parvula is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Blanchard in 1851. It is known from Chile.
Neohebestola petrosa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Blanchard in 1851. It is known from Chile.
Epiperipatus brasiliensis is a species of velvet worm in the Peripatidae family. The type locality is in Pará, Brazil. Epiperipatus vagans from Barro Colorado Island (Panama) was originally described as subspecies of Epiperipatus brasiliensis, but is now treated as a full species.
