Nispen

Nispen
Nispen
Town
	Former church Maria Hemelvaartkerk
	Coat of arms
	Municipality of Roosendaal in North Brabant
	Nispen Location within the Netherlands Nispen Location within Europe
	Coordinates: 51°29′2″N4°27′32″E / 51.48389°N 4.45889°E Coordinates: 51°29′2″N4°27′32″E / 51.48389°N 4.45889°E
Country	Netherlands
Province	North Brabant
Municipality	Roosendaal
Area
• Total	1.66 km2 (0.64 sq mi)
Elevation	10 m (30 ft)
Population (2021)
• Total	1,740
• Density	1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	4709
Dialing code	0165

Last updated May 12, 2023

Nispen (Brabantian dialect: Nipse) is a town in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is part of the municipality of Roosendaal, formerly the municipality of Roosendaal en Nispen.

Nispen is located in the valley of the river Kleine Aa. First mentioned in 1157, the village was the centre of a large parish. Surrounding villages separated over time, and Nispen soon was overshadowed by its neighbouring village of Roosendaal, becoming an administrative part of Roosendaal in the early 14th century. Gaining some wealth by the trade in turf, the village was destroyed during the Eighty Years' War. Following the Peace of Münster Nispen has been on both the national and religious borders between Protestant Netherlands and Catholic Belgium. The stream Bansloot between Nispen and the Belgian village of Essen forming the border.

Etymology

Nispen is derived from the name Nisipa. It was first the name of the Kleine Aa river, and would later become the name of the village. It is assumed that apa is of German or Celtic origin, meaning water or river. And nes meaning watery land.^[3]

History

Earliest human activity, first settlements

Earliest human activity around Nispen, as shown by a stone tool, dates from around 7,000 BCE. At Essenseweg-Rozenakker traces were found of a farm dating from around 700-12 BCE. At Rozenakker remains are located of a Roman farm dated around the year 150 CE. It was a large farm of around 30 by 7 meters. Other Roman remains were found in the church garden. There is evidence of a town existing on the location of Nispen since at least around the year 800–1000.^[3]

Middle Ages and Eighty Years War

The first mention of the name Nisipa dates from a certificate from 1157 in which Henry II of Leez, prince-bishops of Liège, confirmed gifts made by Arnulf and his son Arnulf II to Tongerlo Abbey which had the right of patronage of the parish of Nispen. Until 1287 Nispen was part of the eninge van Wouw, a college of schepenen. In 1287 Nispen became part of the Baronie van Breda. From the early 14th century Nispen had 2 schepen in the college of Roosendaal. Between 1525 and 1610 a channel was dug from Essen to Roosendaal to facilitate the trade in turf. A castle existed in Nispen called Castle Moerendaal, which was destroyed in the early 17th century. Around 1650 Nispen was described as a church, school and 28 houses.^[3]

French occupation, United Netherlands, Belgian revolt

In 1794 invading French troops burned and damaged the school building. In 1797 the Catholics were once again allowed to use part of the church in Nispen, sharing the church with the small group of Dutch Reformed Protestants. In 1802 the neighbouring Essen became its own parish. Priests were provided by the Tongerlo Abbey until 1822. In 1823 Nispen was described as a church, church parish building, school and 34 houses. In 1828 the entire church building once again became Catholic. Following the French annexation of the Kingdom of Holland in 1810 Nispen and Essen once again belonged to the same country, which they remained under the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. After the Belgian Revolution the stream Bansloot between Nispen and the Belgian village of Essen formed the border.^[3]

19th century

In 1809 and 1850 requests were made to become independent of Roosendaal, though to no avail. In 1850 the windmill Molen van Aerden was built, which exists to this day. On 26 June 1854 a railroad was opened between Antwerp and Roosendaal. Even though Nispen was located on the border, no station was ever built.^[3]

20th century

After World War I Franciscan sisters from Roosendaal started the Saint Antonius monastery in Nispen with an attached girls school. A catholic boys school followed called the saint Donatusschool. In 1930 the road between Roosendaal and Essen was changed from bricks to concrete. that same year the church was demolished and rebuild, following a design by Jos Cuypers, keeping the old church tower.

During World War II Nispen suffered German bombardments as it was located near a railroad. 3 villagers died during May 1940. During the war the Church bells were melted down by the Germans and the church tower was blown up during the German retreat. Canadian and English forces liberated the village in October 1944. Most houses were damaged during the liberation. In memory of the 22 villagers who died during the war the Peace Chapel (Dutch: Vredeskapel) was built in 1946. In 1957 the village celebrated 1000 years Nispen.^[3]

21st century

In 2001 the H. Maria Hemelvaart parish ceased being an independent parish.^[3]

Natural reserve

Between Roosendaal and Nispen lies the natural reserve of Molenbeek Valley (Dutch: Dal van de Molenbeek), which is owned by Staatsbosbeheer.

Gallery

Monumental windmill built in 1850
Peace Chapel built in 1946
German prisoners in 1944
Monumental farm at Zonnelandstraat 4
Monumental house at Dorpsstraat 50
Roosendaal and Nispen in 1868
The municipality of Roosendaal, Nispen bottom right

People born in Nispen

Jeroen van Koningsbrugge, actor and comedian
Niek van der Velden, snowboarder
Luc Suykerbuyk, road cyclist

Related Research Articles

The Scheldt is a 435-kilometre-long (270 mi) river that flows through northern France, western Belgium, and the southwestern part of the Netherlands, with its mouth at the North Sea. Its name is derived from an adjective corresponding to Old English sceald ("shallow"), Modern English shoal, Low German schol, West Frisian skol, and obsolete Swedish skäll ("thin").

Molenbeek-Saint-Jean or Sint-Jans-Molenbeek, often simply called Molenbeek, is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the western part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels, from which it is separated by the Brussels–Charleroi Canal, as well as by the municipalities of Anderlecht, Berchem-Sainte-Agathe, Dilbeek, Jette, and Koekelberg. The Molenbeek brook, from which it takes its name, flows through the municipality. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).

Essen is a town and municipality in the Belgian province of Antwerp. As of september 2022, the municipality had 19,029 inhabitants. The municipality is bordered on three sides by the Netherlands. Essen belongs to the electoral canton of Brecht and the judicial canton of Kapellen. The municipality is located in the Noorderkempen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Puttershoek</span> Village in South Holland, Netherlands

Puttershoek is a village and former municipality in the western Netherlands. It is located on the banks of the Oude Maas, on the island Hoeksche Waard, in the province of South Holland. On 1 January 1984, the municipality of Puttershoek was merged with several others into Binnenmaas. With 6,293 inhabitants Puttershoek was the largest settlement in the municipality of Binnenmaas until 's-Gravendeel joined Binnenmaas in 2007. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the new municipality Hoeksche Waard.

's-Heer Arendskerke is a village in the municipality of Goes in the south-western Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Erp, Netherlands</span> Village in North Brabant, Netherlands

Erp is a village in the southern Netherlands, in the province of North Brabant between 's-Hertogenbosch and Eindhoven. Prior to 1994, Erp was a municipality consisting of the town of Erp and the villages of Boerdonk and Keldonk. In that year, the municipality was merged with the municipality of Veghel to form one municipality under the latter name. The area of the former municipality of Erp has a population of 6,663, while Veghel has a population of 37,655.

The Campine or De Kempen is a natural region situated chiefly in north-eastern Belgium and parts of the south-eastern Netherlands which once consisted mainly of extensive moors, tracts of sandy heath, and wetlands. It encompasses a large northern and eastern portion of Antwerp Province and adjacent parts of Limburg in Belgium, as well as portions of the Dutch province of North Brabant and Dutch Limburg around Weert.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wouw</span> Village in North Brabant, Netherlands

Wouw is a village in the southern Netherlands. It is located in North Brabant, between the cities Roosendaal and Bergen op Zoom, close to the border with Belgium.

Zegge is a village located in the municipality of Rucphen, North Brabant in the Netherlands. On 1 January 2020, the village had 2,045 inhabitants. Viewed from the four other villages in the municipality of Rucphen, Zegge is located on the other side of the A58 motorway. This combined with its small size, makes it so that much of the daily life of its inhabitants centers around the nearby city of Roosendaal.

Meerlo is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Horst aan de Maas

Neeritter is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Leudal.

Standdaarbuiten is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant located in the municipality of Moerdijk, about 9 km northeast of Roosendaal.

Bavel is a village in the southern Netherlands. It is located in the Dutch province of North Brabant, largely within the municipality of Breda with some rural areas in the municipality of Alphen-Chaam.

Roosendaal is a railway station in the city of Roosendaal, Netherlands. The station opened on 3 July 1854 on the Antwerp–Lage Zwaluwe railway and is the beginning of the Roosendaal–Vlissingen railway. Roosendaal was the first station in North Brabant to be built. Roosendaal is also a border station between the Netherlands and Belgium. Trains in Belgium run on the left side of double-track whereas in the Netherlands right-hand running is the norm. At some borders, the changeover is achieved by using a flyover, but at Roosendaal trains stop and await a signal to allow them to proceed to the opposite track.

Oelegem is a village and deelgemeente (sub-municipality) of the municipality of Ranst in the province of Antwerp, Belgium. The village is located about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) east of the city of Antwerp.

Meterik is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Horst aan de Maas, bordering rich farmland to the north and a moor called De Peel to the west. Meterik is located along a brook, the Kabroekse beek, which provides fertile grazing lands.

Zondereigen is a village in the municipality of Baarle-Hertog, in the province of Antwerp, Belgium. In 2021, it was home to 478 inhabitants. Zondereigen borders the Dutch province of North Brabant, and contains a Dutch enclave.

The Church of St. John the Baptist is a Roman Catholic parish church located in the centre of Molenbeek-Saint-Jean, a municipality of Brussels, Belgium. It is dedicated to Saint John the Baptist, the patron saint of Molenbeek.

Middelbeers is a village in the municipality of Oirschot in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located between Oirschot and Hilvarenbeek. It is one of the three Beers villages.

Tongerlo is a village and deelgemeente (sub-municipality) of the municipality of Westerlo in the province of Antwerp, Belgium. The village is located about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south-east of the city of Herentals. Tongerlo is best known for Tongerlo Abbey founded in 1128 which became one of the most important abbeys of Belgium.

References

1 2 3 "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021". Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
↑ "Postcodetool for 4709AA". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Canon van de Heerlijckheijd Nispen". Historical society Nispen. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

External links

Media related to Nispen at Wikimedia Commons

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[stat-1] 1 2 3 "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021". Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[AHN-2] "Postcodetool for 4709AA". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[canon-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Canon van de Heerlijckheijd Nispen". Historical society Nispen. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

[1]

[2]

[3]

Authority control
International	VIAF
National	Israel United States