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A trade union, often simply called a union, is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals, such as protecting the integrity of their trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits, and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers. Trade unions typically fund the formal organization, head office, and legal team functions of the trade union through regular fees or union dues. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are made up of workplace volunteers who are appointed by members in democratic elections.
The Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions is a national trade union center, decidedly the largest and probably the most influential umbrella organization of labour unions in Norway. The 21 national unions affiliated to the LO have almost 900,000 members of a Norwegian population of 5 million. The majority of affiliated unions organizes traditional blue collar workers, but the largest affiliate is the Norwegian Union of Municipal and General Employees which makes up more than a third of all members. LO is affiliated to the ITUC and the ETUC. Gerd Kristiansen was elected leader on 6 May 2013 for a four-year period.
The Swedish Trade Union Confederation, commonly referred to as LO, is a national trade union centre, an umbrella organisation for fourteen Swedish trade unions that organise mainly "blue-collar" workers. The Confederation, which gathers in total about 1.5 million employees out of Sweden's 10 million people population, was founded in 1898 by blue-collar unions on the initiative of the 1897 Scandinavian Labour Congress and the Swedish Social Democratic Party, which almost exclusively was made up by trade unions. In 2019 union density of Swedish blue-collar workers was 60%, a decline by seventeen percentage points since 2006. A strongly contributing factor was the considerably raised fees to union unemployment funds in January 2007 made by the new centre-right government.
A company or "yellow" union is a worker organization which is dominated or influenced by an employer, and is therefore not an independent trade union. Company unions are contrary to international labour law. They were outlawed in the United States by the 1935 National Labor Relations Act §8(a)(2), due to their use as agents for interference with independent unions. Company unions persist in many countries, particularly with authoritarian governments.
The Norwegian Union of Iron and Metalworkers was a trade union representing workers in the metal industry, workshops, and shipbuilding in Norway.
Disunited and poorly organized for most of its history, trade unions in Ecuador developed only slowly and had only a marginal political impact. Precise figures on unionization in the late 1980s were practically nonexistent, even within the unions themselves. The organized labor movement in Ecuador was divided into four confederations and a number of independent federations. At the local level, labor organizations also took the form of artisan guilds, cooperatives, and neighborhood associations. In addition to representing only a minority of the workers in all sectors of employment, the labor movement traditionally was weakened by rivalry and government repression. Nevertheless, it had influence disproportionate to its numbers as a result of the concentration of trade unions in urban areas, mainly Quito and Guayaquil, its organizational power, and the political impact of strikes and demonstrations on governments that did not enjoy strong support.
see alsoHuman rights in Colombia
The Norwegian Union of Paper Industry Workers was a trade union in Norway, organized under the national.
The Norwegian Union of Forestry and Land Workers was a trade union in Norway, organized under the national Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions.
Trade unions in Uganda have existed since the 1930s. For much of Uganda's history trade union activities have been greatly shaped by national politics and by events external to the country's labour movement. The experiences of trade unions in Uganda fall into four periods: during the British colonial period, from independence to the rise to power of Idi Amin (1962-1971), the Idi Amin dictatorship (1971-1979) and through to the present.
Trade unions in Norway first emerged with the efforts of Marcus Thrane and the formation of the Drammen Labour Union in 1848 which organised agricultural workers and crofters. However, with Thrane's imprisonment and the suppression of the union in 1855, it was not until 1872 before a union was founded again, by print workers. In 1899 the first national federation, the LO, was founded. During this period interactions with trade unions in Denmark and Sweden played a great influence over the development of trade unions in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Wood Workers was a trade union representing woodworkers in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Textile Workers was a trade union representing workers in the textile industry in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Shoe Makers was a trade union representing workers in the shoe manufacturing industry in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Hide and Leather Workers was a trade union representing workers in the leather industry in Norway.
The Norwegian Central Union of Book Printers was a trade union representing typographers and those in related trades in Norway.
The Norwegian Lithographic and Chemographic Union (Norwegian: Norsk Litograf- og Kjemigrafforbund was a trade union representing printers in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Foundry Workers was a trade union representing workers in metal foundries in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Gold Workers was a trade union representing goldsmiths in Norway.
References
- 1 2 Nilsson, Christer (2004). "Arkivene etter Norges eldste fagforbund". Arbeiderhistorie: 183–189.
- ↑ Beretning for aaret. Oslo: Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions. 1924.
|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ↑ Directory of Labor Organizations: Europe. 2. Washington DC: United States Department of Labor. 1965. p. 21.1–21.18.