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A trade union, often simply called a union, is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals, such as protecting the integrity of their trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits, and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers. Trade unions typically fund the formal organization, head office, and legal team functions of the trade union through regular fees or union dues. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are made up of workplace volunteers who are appointed by members in democratic elections.
The Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions is a national trade union center, decidedly the largest and probably the most influential umbrella organization of labour unions in Norway. The 21 national unions affiliated to the LO have almost 900,000 members of a Norwegian population of 5 million. The majority of affiliated unions organizes traditional blue collar workers, but the largest affiliate is the Norwegian Union of Municipal and General Employees which makes up more than a third of all members. LO is affiliated to the ITUC and the ETUC. Gerd Kristiansen was elected leader on 6 May 2013 for a four-year period.
A national trade union center is a federation or confederation of trade unions in a single country. Nearly every country in the world has a national trade union center, and many have more than one. When there is more than one national center, it is often because of ideological differences—in some cases long-standing historic differences. In some regions, such as the Nordic countries, different centers exist on a sectoral basis, for example for blue collar workers and professionals.
Unions have been compared across countries by growth and decline patterns, by violence levels, and by kinds of political activity.
The Norwegian Union of Chemical Industry Workers was a trade union representing workers in the chemical industry in Norway.
A company or "yellow" union is a worker organization which is dominated or influenced by an employer, and is therefore not an independent trade union. Company unions are contrary to international labour law. They were outlawed in the United States by the 1935 National Labor Relations Act §8(a)(2), due to their use as agents for interference with independent unions. Company unions persist in many countries, particularly with authoritarian governments.
The Confédération générale du travail unitaire, or CGTU, was a trade union confederation in France that at first included anarcho-syndicalists and soon became aligned with the French Communist Party. It was founded in 1922 as a confederation of radical unions that had left the socialist-dominated General Confederation of Labour (CGT), and in 1936 merged back into the CGT.
The Norwegian Union of Iron and Metalworkers was a trade union representing workers in the metal industry, workshops, and shipbuilding in Norway.
see alsoHuman rights in Colombia
The Norwegian Union of Paper Industry Workers was a trade union in Norway, organized under the national.
The Norwegian Union of Forestry and Land Workers was a trade union in Norway, organized under the national Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions.
Trade unions in Norway first emerged with the efforts of Marcus Thrane and the formation of the Drammen Labour Union in 1848 which organised agricultural workers and crofters. However, with Thrane's imprisonment and the suppression of the union in 1855, it was not until 1872 before a union was founded again, by print workers. In 1899 the first national federation, the LO, was founded. During this period interactions with trade unions in Denmark and Sweden played a great influence over the development of trade unions in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Wood Workers was a trade union representing woodworkers in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Textile Workers was a trade union representing workers in the textile industry in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Shoe Makers was a trade union representing workers in the shoe manufacturing industry in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Hide and Leather Workers was a trade union representing workers in the leather industry in Norway.
The Norwegian Central Union of Book Printers was a trade union representing typographers and those in related trades in Norway.
The Norwegian Union of Bookbinders and Cardboard Workers was a trade union representing workers involved in bookbinding and manufacturing packaging in Norway.
The Norwegian Lithographic and Chemographic Union (Norwegian: Norsk Litograf- og Kjemigrafforbund was a trade union representing printers in Norway.
References
- ↑ Beretning for aaret. Oslo: Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions. 1924.
- ↑ Directory of Labor Organizations: Europe. 2. Washington DC: United States Department of Labor. 1965. p. 21.1–21.18.
- ↑ Waddington, Jeremy (2005). Restructuring Representation. Peter Lang. p. 175. ISBN 9052012539.