Nové Zámky 16th electoral district (Czechoslovakia)

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XVI. Electoral District
XVI - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
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Želiezovce entire county
*As per the revision of constituencies made in 1925. [1]

The Nové Zámky 16th electoral district ('XVI. Nové Zámky') was a parliamentary constituency in the First Czechoslovak Republic for elections to the Chamber of Deputies. The seat of the District Electoral Commission was in the town of Nové Zámky. [2] The constituency elected 11 members of the Chamber of Deputies. [3] [4] [5]

First Czechoslovak Republic 1918-1938 republic in Central/Eastern Europe

The First Czechoslovak Republic was the Czechoslovak state that existed from 1918 to 1938. The state was commonly called Czechoslovakia. It was composed of Bohemia, Moravia, Czech Silesia, Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia.

Nové Zámky Town in Slovakia

Nové Zámky is a town in southwestern Slovakia.

Contents

Demographics

The boundaries of the Nové Zámky 16th electoral district and the Kosice 20th electoral district had been drawn to maximize the number of Hungarian and German voters in these districts. [6] [7] 96% of all Hungarians and 59% of all Germans in Slovakia lived in these two electoral districts. [6] In Nové Zámky 16th electoral district 36% of the inhabitants were ethnic Czechoslovaks. [6]

The 1921 Czechoslovak census estimated that the Nové Zámky 16th electoral district had 629,458 inhabitants. [4] Thus there was one Chamber of Deputies member for each 57,223 inhabitants, far more than the national average of 45,319 inhabitants per seat. [4] [6] [8] The Košice 20th electoral district had 57,238 inhabitants per seat. [4] [6] Only the Užhorod 23rd electoral district (i.e. Subcarpathian Rus') had a higher amount of inhabitants per seat that the Nové Zámky and Košice districts in all of Czechoslovakia. [4] [6] As of the 1930 census Nove Zámky 16th electoral district had the second-highest number of inhabitants per seat (64,273/seat), after Užhorod. [9]

Užhorod electoral district (Czechoslovakia)

The Užhorod electoral district was a parliamentary constituency in Czechoslovakia for elections to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The constituency covered all of Subcarpathian Ruthenia. The electoral district elected nine deputies in all elections held in the constituency during the First Czechoslovak Republic. The numbers of electors per each parliamentary seat was the highest in the Užhorod compared to all other electoral districts.

Senate elections

In election to the Senate Nové Zamky 16th electoral district and Košice 20th electoral district together formed the Nové Zámky 9th senatorial electoral district (which elected 9 senators), [3] in spite of the fact that the two electoral districts were geographically separated. [6]

1920 election

In the 1920 Czechoslovak parliamentary election the majority of votes in Nové Zámky were cast for social democrats and the Hungarian-German Social Democratic Party emerged as the largest party. [8] With 35.7% of the votes it got 4 deputies elected (Paul Wittich, Samuel Mayer, Gyula Nagy and Jozsef Földessy). [8] Also in the fray was the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers Party which obtained 15.3% of the vote and got a deputy elected (Ivan Dérer). [8] The social democrats mobilized voters both in industrial centres (like Bratislava) as well as amongst agricultural labourers in the country-side. [8]

The Hungarian-German Social Democratic Party was a social democratic political party in Slovakia. It was founded in 1919 by social democrats from ethnic minority communities. The party had a German and a Hungarian section. The German and Hungarian social democrats in Slovakia had developed an antagonistic relationship with the Slovak social democrats, who had merged into the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers Party as Austria-Hungary was broken up after the First World War. Issues of contention between Hungarian/German and Slovak social democrats included views of the February Strike of 1919 and the Hungarian Soviet Republic.

Paul Wittich German astronomer

Paul Wittich was a German mathematician and astronomer whose Capellan geoheliocentric model, in which the inner planets Mercury and Venus orbit the sun but the outer planets Mars, Jupiter and Saturn orbit the Earth, may have directly inspired Tycho Brahe's more radically heliocentric geoheliocentric model in which all the 5 known primary planets orbited the Sun, which in turn orbited the stationary Earth.

The second largest party in the district was the Hungarian-German Christian Social Party, which polled 24.5% of the votes. [8] János Tobler and Johann Jabloniczky were two of their deputies. [10]

The Provincial Christian-Socialist Party was the main political party of ethnic Hungarians in the First Czechoslovak Republic.

1929 election

PartyVotes%
  Provincial Christian-Socialist Party 119,98737.64
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 53,70216.84
  Republican Party of Agrarian and Smallholding Peoples 33,68710.57
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers Party 31,0939.75
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 29,4759.25
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 12,1403.81
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 8,5692.69
 United Jewish and Polish Parties7,4802.35
  Provincial Party of Smallholders, Entrepreneurs and Workers 5,7331.80
  German Electoral Coalition 4,2681.34
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 4,0021.26
  German Social Democratic Workers Party 3,8131.20
  Czechoslovak People's Party 2,0650.65
  Juriga's Slovak People's Party 1,9520.61
  League Against Bound Tickets 8430.26
Total318,809100

[11]

The percentage achieved by the Communist Party in the district was the highest in the country in the 1929 vote. [6] [11]

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References

  1. ↑ Senát Národního shromáždění R. Čs.. Usnesení poslanecké sněmovny . 1925.
  2. ↑ Czechoslovakia (1920). Prager Archiv für Gesetzgebung und Rechtsprechung. 2. H. Mercy Sohn. p. 360.
  3. 1 2 Národní shromáždění Republiky Ceskoslovenské: Poslanecká sněmovna, Senát, Národní výbor, Revoluční národní shromáždění. Zivotopisná a statistická příruča ... s výňatkem nejdůležitějších ustanovení a dat, která se týkají Národního shromáždění. Nákladem a tiskem firmy Šmejc a spol. 1924. pp. 24–25.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Czechoslovakia. Státní úřad statistický (1922). La statistique tchécoslovaque: Agriculture. XIIe série. 1–5. p. 16.
  5. ↑ Zborník Ústavu marxizmu-leninizmu a Filozofickej fakulty Univerzity Komenského: Historica. 32-33. Slovenské pedagogické nakladatels̕tvo. 1981. p. 113.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Egbert K. Jahn (1971). Die Deutschen in der Slowakei in den Jahren 1918-1929: Beitrag zur Nationalitätenproblematik. Oldenbourg. pp. 124, 130. ISBN   978-3-486-43321-0.
  7. ↑ James Mace Ward (2 April 2013). Priest, Politician, Collaborator: Jozef Tiso and the Making of Fascist Slovakia. Cornell University Press. p. 71. ISBN   0-8014-6812-4.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Duin, P.C. van. Central European Cross-roads: Social Democracy and National Revolution in Bratislava (Pressburg), 1867-1921 Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine .
  9. ↑ Mads Ole Balling (1991). Von Reval bis Bukarest: Einleitung, Systematik, Quellen und Methoden, Estland, Lettland, Litauen, Polen, Tschechoslowakei. Dokumentation Verlag. p. 247. ISBN   978-87-983829-3-5.
  10. ↑ Mads Ole Balling (1991). Von Reval bis Bukarest: Einleitung, Systematik, Quellen und Methoden, Estland, Lettland, Litauen, Polen, Tschechoslowakei. Dokumentation Verlag. pp. 439–440. ISBN   978-87-983829-3-5.
  11. 1 2 Manuel Statistique de la Republique Tchecoslovaque. IV. 1932. Prague. Annuaire Statistique de la Republique Tchecoslovaque. pp. 401-402

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