Nutan Chandra Sinha was a Bangladeshi businessman who was killed in the Bangladesh Liberation war and is considered a martyr in Bangladesh. [1] [2]
Sinha was born on 1 December 1900 in Gohira, Raozan Upazila, Chittagong, Bengal Presidency, British Raj, (now Bangladesh). He studied in Jagatpur Purnananda Asram. [3]
Sinha moved to Arakan in British Burma with his father seeking economic opportunities. There he opened a grocery store and went on to expand into manufacturing. They manufactured soap and then pharmaceuticals. The father-son duo made a fortune in manufacturing in Arakan. He made a pilgrimage to the Bihar Kundadham Temple and after he returned he established Kundeswari Temple in Chittagong. He established the Sree Kundeswari Aushadhalaya Ayurvedic medicine factory in Gahira on 1946. He would establish Kundeswari Primary School and Kundeswari girls school in 1960; and Kundeswari Mahila College in 1970. He also built a post office. [3]
Bangladesh Liberation war started with the launch of Operation Searchlight by Pakistan Army on 25 March 1971. After Pakistan Army attacked Chittagong University Singha hid and helped a number of faculty to escape to India. After Pakistan Army regained control of Chittagong, they and the paramilitary razakar attacked his residence on 13 April 1971 and killed him. [3] On 2013 Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and former member of Razzakars Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury was sentenced to death by the International Crimes Tribunal for his role in the death of Singha. [4] [5] Salauddin Quader Chowdhury was executed in 2016. [6]
Chittagong College is a public educational institution in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is a higher secondary school and also a degree awarding college of National University. It is the second higher secondary school in Bangladesh, established in 1871 after the Dhaka College.
A. B. M. Mohiuddin Chowdhury was a Bangladesh Awami League politician. He was the Mayor of Chittagong, the second-largest city in Bangladesh, for three consecutive terms.
Chittagong District, renamed the Chattogram District, is a district located in south-eastern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Chittagong Division. The port city of Chittagong, which is the second largest city in Bangladesh, is located within this district.
The Al-Shams was an anti-Bangladesh paramilitary wing of several Islamist parties in East Pakistan composed of local Bengalis and Muhajirs that along with the Pakistan Army and the Al-Badr, is accused of conducting a mass killing campaign against Bengali nationalists, civilians, religious and ethnic minorities during 1971. The group was banned by the independent government of Bangladesh, but most of its members had fled the country during and after the Bangladesh Liberation War, which led to Bangladesh's independence.
Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mojaheed was a Bangladeshi politician who served as a Member of Parliament and as the Minister of Social Welfare from 2001 to 2007. He was executed in 2015 for war crimes committed during the 1971 Liberation war of Bangladesh.
In 1971, the Pakistan Army and their local collaborators, most notably the extreme right wing militia group Al-Badr, engaged in the systematic execution of Bengali intellectuals during the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971. Bengali intellectuals were abducted, tortured and killed during the entire duration of the war as part of the 1971 Bangladesh genocide. However, the largest number of systematic executions took place on 25 March and 14 December 1971, two dates that bookend the conflict. 14 December is commemorated in Bangladesh as Martyred Intellectuals Day.
Raozan Upazila is an upazila of Chattogram District, in Chattogram Division, Bangladesh. It was established in 1947.
Fazlul Quader Chowdhury was a Bengali politician who served as the 5th speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan from East Pakistan. He belonged to Ayub Khan's Convention Muslim League. He was also the Acting President of Pakistan from time to time when Ayub Khan left the country. His elder brother Fazlul Kabir Chowdhury was the leader of the opposition in East Pakistan assembly. Quader was preceded by Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan of Awami League.
Bangladesh's military history is intertwined with the history of a larger region, including present-day India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan and Myanmar. The country was historically part of Bengal – a major power in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
Fazlul Karim was a Bangladeshi lawyer, businessman, politician and soldier. He was the first mayor of Cox's Bazar.
1971 Dhaka University massacre refers to the massacre of students and faculty at the University of Dhaka in East Pakistan by the Pakistan Army, at the beginning of what would become the Bangladesh Liberation War. In March 1971, the Pakistan Army Eastern Wing Commander Tikka Khan launched Operation Searchlight on the orders of dictator Yahya Khan to crush the Bengali nationalist movement. As part of the operation, the army launched an assault on the university campus. It is the deadliest university attack in history.
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, previously known as Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, or Jamaat for short, is the largest Islamist political party in Bangladesh. On 1 August 2013, the Bangladesh Supreme Court cancelled the registration of the Jamaat-e-Islami, ruling that the party is unfit to contest national elections.
Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury was a Bangladeshi politician, war-criminal, minister and six-term member of Jatiya Sangsad and member of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) Standing Committee, who served as the adviser of parliamentary affairs to Prime Minister Khaleda Zia in from 2001 to 2006. On 1 October 2013 he was convicted of 9 of 23 charges and sentenced to death by the International Crimes Tribunal of Bangladesh for crimes during the 1971 Bangladesh War of Independence. He was executed by hanging from the gallows in Old Dhaka Central Jail on 22 November 2015.
Madhur Canteen is a familiar name in the history of the Dhaka University as well as in the national politics of Bangladesh because of its association with various political movements which originated from the Dhaka University. The canteen's current location holds important architectural and heritage value.
Ashrafuz Zaman Khan is a Pakistani Bengali American who is one of the convicted masterminds of 1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals. In 1971, he was a member of the Central Committee of the Islami Chhatra Sangha. After liberation he went to Pakistan and worked for Radio Pakistan. Later, he moved to New York and presently heads the Queens branch of Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA). He was sentenced to death in absentia by the International War Crimes Tribunal for killing 18 Bengali intellectuals during the last days of the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh.
The movement demanding trial of war criminals is a protest movement in Bangladesh, from 1972 to present demanding trial of the perpetrators of 1971 Bangladesh genocide during the Bangladesh Liberation War from Pakistan.
AKM Fazlul Kabir Chowdhury was a Bangladeshi politician and member as well as Leader of the Opposition in East Pakistan Provincial Assembly.
Bishuddhananda Mahathera was a Bangladeshi Buddhist monk and scholar.
Mohammad Khaled was a Bangladeshi politician, academician and journalist who was a Member of Parliament for Chittagong-6 constituency. He was awarded the Swadhinata Puraskar by the Government of Bangladesh in 2019 for his contribution to the war of liberation.
The Sohagpur massacre was a mass killing of 187 civilians on 25 July 1971 in the Mymensingh District of East Pakistan during the Liberation War. The massacre was perpetrated by the Pakistan Army and Al-Badr, a paramilitary force opposing Bangladeshi independence. Following the massacre, Sohagpur became known as the "village of widows."