Obstacle departure procedure (ODP) is a type of departure procedure that provides obstruction clearance via the least onerous route from an airport to an appropriate en-route structure. Pilots can fly ODPs without prior clearance unless assigned a standard instrument departure or radar vectored by air traffic controllers. [1]
ODPs may be designed using either conventional or area navigation (RNAV) criteria. ODPS can be either graphical or textual; graphical ODPs always note "(OBSTACLE)" in the title. [1]
When an airport is being analyzed for designing an instrument approach procedure, an obstacle departure procedure assessment is conducted first. Pass the departure end of the runway, Surveyors establish an obstacle clearance surface (OCS), which is an imaginary surface that rises at a 40:1 ratio under standard conditions, or 152ft per nautical miles. The OCS can rise more steeply if terrain or other obstacles are present. Pass the departure end of the runway at 35ft above ground, if an aircraft can maintain 48ft per nautical mile clearance above the OCS, or maintain a climb rate of 200ft per nautical mile for standard 40:1 ratio OCS, no ODP will be established. Otherwise, an ODP is included with the instrument procedure. [2] [3]
Commonly, ODPs are developed under the assumption that the aircraft will: [4] [5]
Unlike Standard Instrument Departures, ODPs are generally developed for smaller airports. [6] It is also assumed that all aircraft engines are in normal operation during the climb, as opposed to being a safeguard for twin engine planes with one engine inoperative. [3]
In aviation, instrument flight rules (IFR) is one of two sets of regulations governing all aspects of civil aviation aircraft operations; the other is visual flight rules (VFR).
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