Natural gas is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. Traces of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and helium are also usually present. Methane is colorless and odorless, and the second largest greenhouse gas contributor to global climate change after carbon dioxide. Because natural gas is odorless, odorizers such as mercaptan are commonly added to it for safety so that leaks can be readily detected.
Karachaganak Field is a gas condensate field about 23 kilometres (14 mi) east of Aksay (Ақсай) in northwest Kazakhstan. It was once a massive Permian and Carboniferous reef complex covering an area 30 by 15 square kilometres. At its largest point, the reservoir contains a gas column 1,450 metres (4,760 ft) deep with a 200 metres (660 ft) deep oil rim below it. It is estimated to contain 1.2 trillion cubic metres of gas and one billion tonnes of liquid condensate and crude oil. Discovered in 1979, it began production under Karachaganakgazprom, a subsidiary of Gazprom. In 1992, AGIP and British Gas were awarded sole negotiating rights, forming a partnership company. In 1997, Texaco and Lukoil signed a 40-year production sharing agreement with the original two companies and the Kazakhstan government to develop the field for world markets. The agreement was turned under a partnership company known as Karachaganak Petroleum Operating (KPO) where Royal Dutch Shell and ENI are joint operators with a 29.25% stake each in the company, and with Chevron and Lukoil owning 18% and 13.5% respectively. In September 2009 the KPO filed an arbitration case against Kazakhstan. The Republic of Kazakhstan appointed Maksat Idenov to lead the negotiations, after which the arbitration was suspended towards an amicable settlement of the dispute and KazMunayGas engaged in entrance into the project in 2010. Under the terms of an agreement reached on December 14, 2011, the Republic of Kazakhstan has acquired through KazMunayGas a 10% stake for $2 billion cash and $1 billion non-cash consideration.
The South Pars/North Dome field is a natural-gas condensate field located in the Persian Gulf. It is by far the world's largest natural gas field, with ownership of the field shared between Iran and Qatar. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the field holds an estimated 1,800 trillion cubic feet of in-situ natural gas and some 50 billion barrels of natural gas condensates. On the list of natural gas fields it has almost as much recoverable reserves as all the other fields combined. It has significant geostrategic influence.
Energy in Kazakhstan describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Kazakhstan and the politics of Kazakhstan related to energy.
The Kandym–Khausak–Shady–Kungrad project is a project to develop natural gas fields in Uzbekistan. The project is carried out by a consortium of Lukoil (90%) and the Uzbekneftegaz (10%).
The Roman-Secuieni gas field is a natural gas field in Secuieni, Neamț County, Romania lying 10 km (6.2 mi) of Roman and 30 km (19 mi) from Bacău. It was discovered in 1992 and developed by Romgaz. It began production in September 1995 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Roman-Secueni gas field are around 850 billion cubic feet (24 km3), and production is slated to increase from 60 million cubic feet/day (1.68×105m³) in 2007 to 84 million cubic feet/day (2.4×105m³) in 2010.
The natural gas in Qatar covers a large portion of the world supply of natural gas. According to the Oil & Gas Journal, as of January 1, 2011, reserves of natural gas in Qatar were measured at approximately 896 trillion cubic feet ; this measurement means that the state contains 14% of all known natural-gas reserves, as the world's third-largest reserves, behind Russia and Iran. The majority of Qatar's natural gas is located in the massive offshore North Field, which spans an area roughly equivalent to Qatar itself. A part of the world's largest non-associated, natural-gas field, the North Field, is a geological extension of Iran's South Pars / North Dome Gas-Condensate field, which holds an additional 450 trillion cubic feet of recoverable natural-gas reserves.
Chayanda field is a large hydrocarbon resource field, primarily of natural gas and gas condensates. It is located in the Lensky District of the Sakha Republic in Yakutiya.
Skifska is a license block located in the Ukrainian zone on the continental shelf of the Black Sea. It was awarded in 2012 to a consortium consisting of Royal Dutch Shell, ExxonMobil, Petrom and Nadra.
The Odeske gas field natural gas field located on the continental shelf of the Black Sea. It was discovered in 2009 and developed by Chornomornaftogaz in cooperation with the China National Offshore Oil Corporation. It started commercial production on 5 September 2012. The total proven reserves of the Odesa gas field are around 746 billion cubic feet, and production is slated to be around 35 million cubic feet per day in 2015.
The Akçakoca gas field is a natural gas field located on the continental shelf of the Black Sea. It was discovered in 2004 and developed by a consortium consisting of Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı, Petrol Ofisi, Tiway Oil and Stratic Oil. It began production in 2007 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Akçakoca gas field are around 127 billion cubic feet (3.6×109m³), and production is slated to be around 50 million cubic feet/day (1.4×106m³) in 2015.
The East-Tarkosalinskoye (Russian: восточно-таркосалинскго, romanized: Vostochno-Tarkosalinsky) gas field is a natural gas field located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was discovered in 1971 and developed by Novatek. It began production in 1994 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the East-Tarkosalinskoye gas field are around 7.013 trillion cubic feet (198×109m3). Production peaked in 2006 and by 2023, Novatek had recovered 91% of the recoverable reserves.
The Khancheyskoye gas field is a natural gas field located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was discovered in 1990 and developed by and Novatek. It began production in 2001 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Khancheyskoye gas field are around 1.151 trillion cubic feet (32.6×109m³), and production is slated to be around 347.7 million cubic feet/day (9.8×105m³) in 2010.
The Pyreinoye gas field is a natural gas field located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was discovered in 2006 and developed by and Novatek. It began production in 2009 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Pyreinoye gas field are around 681 Billion cubic feet (19.2×109m3), and production is slated to be around 92.2 million cubic feet/day (2.6×105m3) in 2010.
The Samburgskoye gas field is a natural gas field located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was discovered in 2006 and developed by Novatek. It began production in 2012 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Samburgskoye gas field are around 3.47 trillion cubic feet (97.8×109m³), and production is slated to be around 92.2 million cubic feet/day (2.6×105m³) in 2010.
The North-Urengoyskoye gas field is a natural gas field located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was discovered in 1966 and developed by and Novatek. It began production in 1970 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves are around 5.58 trillion cubic feet (1.58×1011 m3), and daily production was slated to be around 407.8 million cubic feet (11,550,000 m3) in 2010. According to Climate Trace it is the largest single source of greenhouse gas emissions by Russia.
The Bovanenkovo gas field is a natural gas field located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was discovered in 1972 and developed by Gazprom. It began production in 2012 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Bovanenkovo gas field are around 171.5 trillion cubic feet (4.9×1012 cubic metres), and production is stated to be around 11 billion cubic feet (311,000,000 cubic metres) per day in 2010. The Bovanenkovo gas field is part of the Yamal project.
The Shtormove gas field natural gas field located on the continental shelf of the Black Sea. It was discovered in 1974 and developed by Chornomornaftogaz. It started commercial production in 1983. The total proven reserves of the Shtormove gas field are around 583 billion cubic feet, and production is slated to be around 40 million cubic feet per day in 2015.
The Kaliakra gas field is a natural gas field located on the continental shelf of the Black Sea located approximately 30km Southeast of Varna, Bulgaria. It was discovered by Melrose Resources plc in 2007 and brought on production in November 2010 through a subsea wellhead and tie-back pipeline to the Galata field platform infrastructure to the West.
The natural gas transmission system of Ukraine is a complex of pipelines for import and transit of gas in Ukraine. It is one of the largest gas transmission systems in the world. The system is linked with natural gas transmission systems of Russia and Belarus on one hand, and with the systems of Poland, Romania, Moldova, Hungary and Slovakia on the other hand. The system is owned by Government of Ukraine and operated by Ukrtransgaz. Some local transmission lines together with distribution sets are owned by regional gas companies.
