Lindow Man, also known as Lindow II and as Pete Marsh, is the preserved bog body of a man discovered in a peat bog at Lindow Moss near Wilmslow in Cheshire, North West England. The remains were found on 1 August 1984 by commercial peat cutters. Lindow Man is not the only bog body to have been found in the moss; Lindow Woman was discovered the year before, and other body parts have also been recovered. The find was described as "one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of the 1980s" and caused a media sensation. It helped invigorate study of British bog bodies, which had previously been neglected.
Peat, also known as turf, is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter. It is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs. The peatland ecosystem covers 3.7 million square kilometres (1.4 million square miles) and is the most efficient carbon sink on the planet, because peatland plants capture carbon dioxide (CO2) naturally released from the peat, maintaining an equilibrium. In natural peatlands, the "annual rate of biomass production is greater than the rate of decomposition", but it takes "thousands of years for peatlands to develop the deposits of 1.5 to 2.3 m [4.9 to 7.5 ft], which is the average depth of the boreal [northern] peatlands", which store around 415 gigatonnes (Gt) of carbon (about 46 times 2019 global CO2 emissions). Globally, peat stores up to 550 Gt of carbon, 42% of all soil carbon, which exceeds the carbon stored in all other vegetation types, including the world's forests, although it covers just 3% of the land’s surface. Sphagnum moss, also called peat moss, is one of the most common components in peat, although many other plants can contribute. The biological features of sphagnum mosses act to create a habitat aiding peat formation, a phenomenon termed 'habitat manipulation'. Soils consisting primarily of peat are known as histosols. Peat forms in wetland conditions, where flooding or stagnant water obstructs the flow of oxygen from the atmosphere, slowing the rate of decomposition. Peat properties such as organic matter content and saturated hydraulic conductivity can exhibit high spatial heterogeneity.
A bog or bogland is a wetland that accumulates peat, a deposit of dead plant material—often mosses, and in a majority of cases, sphagnum moss. It is one of the four main types of wetlands. Other names for bogs include mire, mosses, quagmire, and muskeg; alkaline mires are called fens. A baygall is another type of bog found in the forest of the Gulf Coast states in the United States. They are often covered in heath or heather shrubs rooted in the sphagnum moss and peat. The gradual accumulation of decayed plant material in a bog functions as a carbon sink.
Cilandak is a district of South Jakarta, Indonesia. The Krukut River flows through the eastern edge of Cilandak, while the Pesanggrahan and Grogol Rivers flow through the western edge.
Bogor is a landlocked city in the West Java province, Indonesia. Located around 60 kilometers (37 mi) south of the national capital of Jakarta, Bogor is the 6th largest city of Jakarta metropolitan area and the 14th nationwide. The city covers an area of 118.50 km2, and it had a population of 950,334 at the 2010 Census and 1,043,070 at the 2020 Census. Bogor is an important economic, scientific, cultural and tourist center, as well as a mountain resort.
The Jakarta metropolitan area, or Greater Jakarta known locally as Jabodetabek, and sometimes extended to Jabodetabekjur, or Jabodetabekpunjur, is the most populous metropolitan area in Indonesia. It includes the national capital as well as five satellite cities and three complete regencies. The original term "Jabotabek" dated from the late 1970s and was revised to "Jabodetabek" in 1999 when "De" was inserted into the name following its formation. The term "Jabodetabekjur" or "Jabodetabekpunjur" was legalised on the Presidential Regulation Number 54 of 2008, although the name Jabodetabek is more commonly used.
Istana Negara is one of the six presidential palaces of Indonesia. It is located on Veteran Street in Central Jakarta, with Merdeka Palace located south. It is part of the presidential palace compound which has a total area of 68,000 m², along with three other buildings: Bina Graha that was formerly used as the President's Office, Wisma Negara in the western side which is used as state guest house, and the office for the Ministry of State Secretariat of Indonesia. Istana Negara faces north towards aforementioned street, while the Merdeka Palace faces Merdeka Square and the National Monument (Monas).
The Bogor Palace is one of six Presidential Palaces of Indonesia, it is located in the city of Bogor, West Java. The palace is noted for its distinctive architectural and historical features, as well as the adjoining botanical gardens. Istana Bogor was opened to the public in 1968 to public tour groups, with the permission of the acting President of Indonesia, Suharto. The gardens of the palace covers an area of 284,000 square metres.
The Jagorawi Toll Road is Indonesia's first toll road. Construction on the highway began in 1973, and it was officially opened on March 9, 1978.
The Blytt–Sernander classification, or sequence, is a series of north European climatic periods or phases based on the study of Danish peat bogs by Axel Blytt (1876) and Rutger Sernander (1908). The classification was incorporated into a sequence of pollen zones later defined by Lennart von Post, one of the founders of palynology.
The Bogor Botanical Gardens is a botanical garden located in Bogor, Indonesia, 60 km south of central Jakarta. It is currently operated by Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The Garden is located in the city center and adjoin the presidential palace compound of Istana Bogor. It covers an area of 87 hectares and contains 13,983 different kinds of trees and plants of various origin. The geographic position of Bogor means it rains almost daily, even in the dry season. This makes the Garden an advantageous location for the cultivation of tropical plants.
Puncak or Puncak Pass is a mountain pass in West Java, Indonesia. The area is a common weekend destination for residents of Jakarta, including for those who are longing for clean air and natural scenery.
Pasar Rebo is a district (kecamatan) of East Jakarta, Indonesia. The boundaries of Pasar Rebo District are the Ciliwung to the west and north; and Bogor Raya Road and Cipinang River to the east. The city of Depok is located to the south of Pasar Rebo District.
Persikabo Bogor was a football club based in Cibinong, Bogor Regency. They competed for the last time in the Liga 3 2018, the third tier of Indonesian football. Their home stadium was Pakansari Stadium and also used Persikabo Stadium for training facilities. Persikabo Bogor had nickname "Pajajaran Warrior" and "The Pajajaran Panther". Persikabo merged with PS TIRA in 2019 so they can compete instantly in Liga 1 without promotion as PS TIRA-Persikabo.
Persikabo Stadium or Tegar Beriman Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia. It is currently used training stadium of Persikabo Bogor. The stadium holds 15,000 people. Maybe, this Stadium is also used in Top Gear Indonesia Season 2, episode 2.
Sentul International Circuit is a 50,000-capacity permanent motor racing circuit located at Sentul City, Babakan Madang, Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia, near the toll gate of Jakarta towards Bogor city.
Parung Panjang Station is a railway station that is located in Parung Panjang, Bogor Regency, Indonesia. During the colonial era, this station was important due to the location that is midway between Merak Station and Jakarta Kota Station. Before, the station was the last station that has been upgraded to receive an electrified train. But now, the last station changed to Rangkasbitung Station. The station is located in front of Parung Panjang Market. The road in front of the station is a road from Curug, many commuter from Curug uses this station to go to Jakarta.
Bogor Cathedral, formally the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is a historic church building in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bogor in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Baru Timur River is a man-made canal flowing from Ci Liwung in Bogor Regency to Jakarta, Indonesia. It was one of two canals built in the 18th century under the order of the Governor-General Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff originally to transport agriculture harvest from Bogor to Batavia. Currently both canals, now known as Kali Baru Timur and Kali Baru Barat, are among the main rivers in Jakarta, and part of the Ciliwung Cisadane flood control project. Baru Timur River flows from Katulampa flood gate, built at the same time as the canal, along the major road Bogor Highway, passing Cimanggis, Depok, Cilangkap, until reaching Java Sea in Kali Besar, Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta.
Baru Barat River is a man-made canal flowing from Cisadane River in Bogor Regency to Jakarta, Indonesia. It was one of two canals built in the 18th century under the order of the Governor-General Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff originally to transport agriculture harvest from Bogor to Batavia. Currently both canals, now known as Kali Baru Timur and Kali Baru Barat, are among the main rivers in Jakarta, and part of the Ciliwung Cisadane flood control project. Flowing through the areas of Pancoran and Tebet, South Jakarta, among others, Baru Barat River is one of the drainages that flow the water into Banjir Kanal Barat.
