Geothermal energy is the thermal energy in the Earth's crust which originates from the formation of the planet and from radioactive decay of materials. The high temperature and pressure in Earth's interior cause some rock to melt and solid mantle to behave plastically. This results in parts of the mantle convecting upward since it is lighter than the surrounding rock. Temperatures at the core–mantle boundary can reach over 4000 °C (7200 °F).
Bataan, officially the Province of Bataan, is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Balanga while Mariveles is the largest town in the province. Occupying the entire Bataan Peninsula on Luzon, Bataan is bordered by the provinces of Zambales and Pampanga to the north. The peninsula faces the South China Sea to the west and Subic Bay to the north-west, and encloses Manila Bay to the east.
Valencia, officially the Municipality of Valencia, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Negros Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 38,733 people.
The Philippine National Oil Company (PNOC) is an energy company created on November 9, 1973, as a government-owned and controlled corporation founded during President Ferdinand Marcos' era to supply oil to the Philippines. Since then, its charter has been amended several times to include exploration, exploitation and development of all energy resources in the country.
Lopez Holdings Corporation is a Filipino conglomerate founded by the brothers Eugenio Lopez, Sr. and Fernando Lopez, Sr. It has substantial holdings in the public service and utilities sector in the Philippines and serves as the Lopez family's publicly listed holding company for investments in major development sectors such as broadcasting and cable; telecommunications; power generation and distribution; manufacturing; and property development. It added to its portfolio investments in other basic service sectors but has also since sold its interest in banking, toll roads, information technology, and health care delivery.
Petron Corporation is the largest oil refining and marketing company in the Philippines, supplying more than a third of the country's oil requirements. It operates a refinery in Limay, Bataan with a rated capacity of 180,000 barrels per day (29,000 m3/d). From the refinery, Petron moves its products mainly by sea to 32 depots and terminals throughout the country.
The Central Negros Electric Cooperative, Inc. (CENECO) is one of the 121 electric cooperatives in the Philippines. It was incorporated on February 24, 1975, in Bacolod, in the Province of Negros Occidental.
Mount Talinis is a complex volcano in the Philippine province of Negros Oriental. At about 1,903 metres (6,243 ft) above sea level, it is the second highest mountain on Negros Island after Mount Kanlaon, and the tallest peak in the mountain range known as the Cuernos de Negros. The volcano is located 9 km (5.6 mi) southwest of the municipality of Valencia; and 20 km (12 mi) from Dumaguete, the capital of the province.
Lake Balinsasayao is one of three crater lakes rising 1,000 feet (300 m) above sea level located within the Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park, an 8,016.05-hectare (19,808.1-acre) protected area covering the municipalities of Valencia, Sibulan, and San Jose in the province of Negros Oriental, Philippines.
First Philippine Holdings Corporation (FPH) is a management and investment company whose major business is power generation and distribution, with strategic initiatives in manufacturing and property development. FPH is a member of the Lopez Group of Companies.
The Malitbog Geothermal Power Station is a 232.5 MW geothermal power plant or an earth steam turbined electric generator—the world's largest geothermal power plant under one roof located in Malitbog, Kananga, Leyte, Philippines. The power plant is one of four operating in the Leyte Geothermal Production Field. The power plants serve 10 million households in Visayas with an average of 160 kiloWatthour per Household of 3 per month. The other 7 million is served by the Panlipin-on Geothermal Power of 100 Megawatts.
Energy Development Corporation is the largest producer of geothermal energy in the Philippines and the second largest in the world. It is involved in alternative energy projects, including geothermal, hydroelectric and wind energy projects. The company was formerly owned by the Philippine National Oil Company, a state corporation owned by the Republic of the Philippines engaged in the exploration of resources, production of energy and distribution of power supply to smaller electricity distributor. EDC was privatized and acquired by the Lopez Group as part of its energy and power supply utility business units.
In the Philippines, a government-owned and controlled corporation (GOCC), sometimes with an "and/or", is a state-owned enterprise that conducts both commercial and non-commercial activity. Examples of the latter would be the Government Service Insurance System (GSIS), a social security system for government employees. There are 219 GOCCs as of 2022. GOCCs both receive subsidies and pay dividends to the national government.
The Malampaya gas field or the Malampaya-Camago field is a deepwater gas-condensate reservoir, located in the Service Contract 38 license area, located offshore, 65 kilometres (40 mi) northwest of the island of Palawan, Philippines.
The Bac-Man Geothermal Production Field, also known as the BacMan Geothermal Power Plant, is one of the geothermal power stations operated by Energy Development Corporation in the provinces of Albay and Sorsogon in the Philippines. It is named for its location in the municipalities of Bacon and Manito.
The electricity sector in the Philippines provides electricity through power generation, transmission, and distribution to many parts of the Philippines. The Philippines is divided into three electrical grids, one each for Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao. As of June 2016, the total installed capacity in the Philippines was 20,055 megawatts (MW), of which 14,348 MW was on the Luzon grid. As of June, 2016, the all-time peak demand on Luzon was 9,726 MW at 2:00 P.M. on May 2, 2016; on Visayas was 1,878 MW at 2:00 P.M. on May 11, 2016; and on Mindanao was 1,593 MW at 1:35 P.M. on June 8, 2016. However, about 12% of Filipinos have no access to electricity. The Philippines is also one of the countries in the world that has a fully functioning electricity market since 2006 called the Philippine Wholesale Electricity Spot Market(WESM) and is operated by an independent market operator.
The Limay CCGT Power Plant is a 620-MW diesel-powered power station in Limay, Bataan, Philippines.
The Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant is a 234-MW geothermal power station in Tiwi, Albay, Philippines.
The Makiling–Banahaw (Mak–Ban) Geothermal Power Plant is a 458-MW geothermal power station complex in Laguna and Batangas, Philippines.
