Parviz Kambin

Last updated

Parviz Kambin
Dr. Parviz Kambin.jpg
BornMay 21, 1931
Tehran, Iran
DiedMarch 29, 2020 (aged 88)
Devon, Pennsylvania, United States
NationalityAmerican, Iranian
Medical career
ProfessionOrthopaedic surgeon
InstitutionsDrexel University
Sub-specialtiesMinimally invasive spinal surgery

Parviz Kambin (May 21, 1931 - March 29, 2020) was an American-Iranian medical doctor and orthopaedic surgeon. He was a Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and has established an Endowed Chair of Spinal Surgery Research at Drexel University College of Medicine. He published more than 55 articles in peer-reviewed journals, edited two textbooks and contributed chapters in spinal surgery textbooks. He lectured worldwide in the field of minimally invasive spinal surgery. His research and development in this specialty began in 1970. [1]

Contents

Biography

Kambin was born in Tehran, Iran on May 21, 1931. He received his doctorate degree in medicine from Tehran University Faculty of Medicine in 1956. He continued his post-graduate training as an intern at St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center. He then did a four-year residency at New Jersey Orthopaedic Hospital and New York University, and received his American Board Certification in Orthopaedic Surgery in 1965. [2]

Kambin was a Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and has established an Endowed Chair of Spinal Surgery at Drexel University, College of Medicine. He was recognized by the College of Physicians of Philadelphia and his work in part has been exhibited in the Mutter Museum. Together with several colleagues, he assisted in the establishment of the International Society for Minimal Intervention in Spinal Surgery in 1988 and was elected the first president of the society in 1990. He coined the term "minimally invasive spinal surgery" and is credited in the Dorland's Medical Dictionary for describing the "Kambin triangular working zone". [3]

Research and development

Parviz Kambin's contributions to the field of spinal surgery have been recognized both in the medical circle [4] [5] [6] [7] and the surgical industry. [8] [9] Kambin's early experimental work with the debulking of the nuclear mass began in 1970. By utilising a series of cadaveric studies at the University of Pennsylvania and the Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, he developed instruments and described the anatomy and the path of the lateral access to the spinal canal for access and removal of herniated disc fragments.

Demonstration of Kambin triangular working zone on a spine model Kambin Triangle.jpg
Demonstration of Kambin triangular working zone on a spine model

He subsequently began his experimental work on the efficacy of the postero-lateral access to herniated lumbar discs. Kambin's preliminary study of nine patients who underwent lateral discectomy was published in the peer-reviewed journal Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research in April 1983, and is considered to be the first publication on this subject in western literature. [10] [11] He is also credited with 34 US and European patents in the field of minimally invasive spinal surgery. [12]

Awards

International activities

During a meeting with Adam Schreiber from Switzerland, Mario Brock from the University of Berlin and J.A.N. Shepperd from the UK, a desire to establish an international society dedicated to the research and teaching of the emerging technology was expressed. Dr. Hijikata from Toden Hospital, Japan, had described the removal of nuclear tissue from the intervertebral disc (nucleotomy) for the treatment of herniated discs in 1975. [17] Professor Schreiber adopted this technique and utilized the procedure in his practice. [18] Kambin resisted the term "nucleotomy" in the title of the newly formed society. He believed that the dislodged herniated disc fragments should be accessed and removed. Kambin was elected the first President of the newly organized society. He coined the term "minimal intervention in spinal surgery" by registering the society as a nonprofit organization dedicated to education and research in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The name "International Society for Minimal Intervention in Spinal Surgery" (ISMISS) was established on April 10, 1990. [19] His first textbook, Arthroscopic Microdiscectomy, Minimal Intervention in Spinal Surgery, was published in 1991. The Society was formed under the auspices of the Société Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie (International Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology).

Teaching

Parviz Kambin remained an active member of the Graduate Hospital, where he served patients, taught and did research for more than 30 years. Subsequently, he accepted a full-time academic position at the Drexel University College of Medicine where he continued with his research and patient care. [20] He has also contributed to the Parviz Kambin Lectureship at the Philadelphia Orthopaedic Society, where annually renowned spine surgeons present their work to the Philadelphia orthopaedic community. Norman Johanson, Chairman of Orthopaedic Surgery at Drexel, commented, "Dr. Kambin’s trailblazing work in minimally invasive spine surgery serves as an inspiration to me, the faculty, and the orthopaedic residents here." [21]

Selected publications

Related Research Articles

Orthopedic surgery Branch of surgery concerned with the musculoskeletal system

Orthopedic surgery or orthopedics, also spelled orthopaedics, is the branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic surgeons use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal trauma, spine diseases, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, tumors, and congenital disorders.

Discectomy

A discectomy is the surgical removal of abnormal disc material that presses on a nerve root or the spinal cord. The procedure involves removing a portion of an intervertebral disc, which causes pain, weakness or numbness by stressing the spinal cord or radiating nerves. The traditional open discectomy, or Love's technique, was published by Ross and Love in 1971. Advances have produced visualization improvements to traditional discectomy procedures, or endoscopic discectomy. In conjunction with the traditional discectomy or microdiscectomy, a laminotomy is often involved to permit access to the intervertebral disc. Laminotomy means a significant amount of typically normal bone is removed from the vertebra, allowing the surgeon to better see and access the area of disc herniation.

Laminectomy

A laminectomy is a surgical procedure that removes a portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina, which is the roof of the spinal canal. It is a major spine operation with residual scar tissue and may result in postlaminectomy syndrome. Depending on the problem, smaller alternatives, e.g., small endoscopic procedures, without bone removal, may be possible.

Back injury

Back injuries result from damage, wear, or trauma to the bones, muscles, or other tissues of the back. Common back injuries include sprains and strains, herniated discs, and fractured vertebrae. The lumbar spine is often the site of back pain. The area is susceptible because of its flexibility and the amount of body weight it regularly bears. It is estimated that low-back pain may affect as much as 80 to 90 percent of the general population in the United States.

Degenerative disc disease

Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a medical condition in which there are anatomic changes and a loss of function of varying degrees of one or more intervertebral discs of the spine of sufficient magnitude as to cause symptoms. The root cause is thought to be loss of soluble proteins within the fluid contained in the disc with resultant reduction of the oncotic pressure, which in turn causes loss of fluid volume. Normal downward forces cause the affected disc to lose height, and the distance between vertebrae is reduced. The anulus fibrosus, the rigid outer shell of a disc, also weakens. This loss of height causes laxity of the longitudinal ligaments, which may allow anterior, posterior, or lateral shifting of the vertebral bodies, causing facet joint malalignment and arthritis; scoliosis; cervical hyperlordosis; thoracic hyperkyphosis; lumbar hyperlordosis; narrowing of the space available for the spinal tract within the vertebra ; or narrowing of the space through which a spinal nerve exits with resultant inflammation and impingement of a spinal nerve, causing a radiculopathy.

Ralph Bingham Cloward was an American neurosurgeon, best known for his innovations in spinal neurosurgery. Cloward is known for the development of the Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion. Cloward moved from Chicago to Hawaii in 1938, becoming the state's lone neurosurgeon. He is well known for his work treating victims of brain injuries after the Pearl Harbour attack in 1941.

Spinal fusion Immobilization or ankylosis of two or more vertebrae by fusion of the vertebral bodies

Spinal fusion, also called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a neurosurgical or orthopedic surgical technique that joins two or more vertebrae. This procedure can be performed at any level in the spine and prevents any movement between the fused vertebrae. There are many types of spinal fusion and each technique involves using bone grafting—either from the patient (autograft), donor (allograft), or artificial bone substitutes—to help the bones heal together. Additional hardware is often used to hold the bones in place while the graft fuses the two vertebrae together. The placement of hardware can be guided by fluoroscopy, navigation systems, or robotics.

Failed back syndrome or post-laminectomy syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries. Many factors can contribute to the onset or development of FBS, including residual or recurrent spinal disc herniation, persistent post-operative pressure on a spinal nerve, altered joint mobility, joint hypermobility with instability, scar tissue (fibrosis), depression, anxiety, sleeplessness, spinal muscular deconditioning and even Cutibacterium acnes infection. An individual may be predisposed to the development of FBS due to systemic disorders such as diabetes, autoimmune disease and peripheral blood vessels (vascular) disease.

Microsurgical lumbar laminoplasty is a minimally invasive technique for decompressing pinched nerves in the lumbar spine. Pinched or compressed nerves may result from herniated discs, lumbar spinal stenosis, or spondylolisthesis.

Spinal disc herniation Disease

Spinal disc herniation is an injury to the cushioning and connective tissue between vertebrae, usually caused by excessive strain or trauma to the spine. It may result in back pain, pain or sensation in different parts of the body, and physical disability. The most conclusive diagnostic tool for disc herniation is MRI, and treatment may range from painkillers to surgery. Protection from disc herniation is best provided by core strength and an awareness of body mechanics including posture.

Laminotomy

A laminotomy is an orthopaedic neurosurgical procedure that removes part of the lamina of a vertebral arch in order to relieve pressure in the vertebral canal. A laminotomy is less invasive than conventional vertebral column surgery techniques, such as laminectomy because it leaves more ligaments and muscles attached to the vertebral column intact and it requires removing less bone from the vertebra. As a result, laminotomies typically have a faster recovery time and result in fewer postoperative complications. Nevertheless, possible risks can occur during or after the procedure like infection, hematomas, and dural tears. Laminotomies are commonly performed as treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis and herniated disks. MRI and CT scans are often used pre- and post surgery to determine if the procedure was successful.

Robert S. Biscup is an American orthopaedic surgeon.

Scott Spann is an American orthopaedic surgeon, medical device inventor, former world-class swimmer and recovered quadriplegic.

Sean E. McCance, M.D., is an American orthopedic surgeon and Co-Director of Spine Surgery in the Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics at the Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. Additionally, he is Associate Clinical Professor of Orthopaedics at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Attending Spine Physician at Lenox Hill Hospital.

Andrew C. Hecht, M.D., is an American orthopaedic surgeon and a nationally recognized leader in surgery on the spine.

The Tessys method is a minimally-invasive, endoscopic spinal procedure for the treatment of a herniated disc. It was a further development of the YESS method by the Dutch Dr Thomas Hoogland in the Alpha Klinik in Munich in 1989 and was first called THESSYS. The procedure involves performing a small foramenotomy and removal of soft tissue compressing the nerve root.

Minimally invasive spine surgery, also known as MISS, has no specific meaning or definition. It implies a lack of severe surgical invasion. The older style of open-spine surgery for a relatively small disc problem used to require a 5-6 inch incision and a month in the hospital. MISS techniques utilize more modern technology, advanced imaging techniques and special medical equipment to reduce tissue trauma, bleeding, radiation exposure, infection risk, and decreased hospital stays by minimizing the size of the incision. Modern endoscopic procedures can be done through a 2 to 5 mm skin opening. By contrast, procedures done with a microscope require skin openings of approximately one inch, or more.

Joseph Maroon is an American neurosurgeon, author, and triathlon athlete. He is the professor and vice chairman of the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and is the current medical director of WWE. He is particularly known for his work studying concussions and concussion prevention as well as his hypothesis on the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

The Philadelphia Surgery Center is a medical facility in Narberth, Pennsylvania, that specializes in small-scale endoscopic spine surgery for the treatment of spinal stenosis and herniated or fragmented spinal discs.

Pohang Wooridul Hospital is a medical institution designated by North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea, in 2016 and the first hospital in Pohang to been certified as a medical institution by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2013. It specialises in spinal therapy and research.

References

  1. ↑ "PARVIZ KAMBIN M.D." The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
  2. ↑ "Find a Board Certified Orthopaedic Surgeon". The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. Retrieved July 20, 2015.
  3. ↑ Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary (32nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. 2012. p. 2094. ISBN   978-1-4160-6257-8.
  4. ↑ Philadelphia Medical Society 2006
  5. ↑ Royal College of Surgeons, USA “Lifetime Achievement Award”, December 2005
  6. ↑ American International University, Honorary PhD award, December 2005
  7. ↑ World Congress of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery & Techniques "Lifetime Achievement Award", June 2008
  8. ↑ "joimax(R) for the First Time Awards the Parviz Kambin Prize in Cooperation With SMISS in the Frame of the First US TESSYS(R) User Meeting in Denver, Colorado". PR Newswire. April 29, 2011. ProQuest   863915470.
  9. ↑ Stryker Spine"Lifetime Achievement Award" Naples, Florida, December 2000.
  10. ↑ Yeung, Anthony Tung; Tsou, Paul Moody (April 2002). "Posterolateral Endoscopic Excision for Lumbar Disc Herniation: Surgical Technique, Outcome, and Complications in 307 Consecutive Cases". Spine. 27 (7): 722–731. doi:10.1097/00007632-200204010-00009. PMID   11923665. S2CID   19683408.
  11. ↑ Hoogland, Thomas; Schubert, Michael; Miklitz, Boris; Ramirez, Agnes (November 2006). "Transforaminal Posterolateral Endoscopic Discectomy With or Without the Combination of a Low-Dose Chymopapain: A Prospective Randomized Study in 280 Consecutive Cases". Spine. 31 (24): E890–E897. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000245955.22358.3a. PMID   17108817. S2CID   24967935.
  12. ↑ "Parviz Kambin inventor". PatentBuddy. Retrieved July 20, 2015.
  13. ↑ Savitz, Martin. The Practice of Minimally Invasive Spinal Technique. AAMISS Press. p. 581.
  14. ↑ Savitz, Martin. The Practice of Minimally Invasive Spinal Technique. AAMISS Press. p. 581.
  15. ↑ Savitz, Martin. The Practice of Minimally Invasive Spinal Technique. AAMISS Press. p. 581.
  16. ↑ Savitz, Martin. The Practice of Minimally Invasive Spinal Technique. AAMISS Press. p. 581.
  17. ↑ Hijikata, Sadahisa (January 1989). "Percutaneous Nucleotomy: A New Concept Technique and 12 Yearsʼ Experience". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 238 (238): 9–23. doi:10.1097/00003086-198901000-00003. PMID   2910622.
  18. ↑ Schreiber, Adam; Suezawa, Yoshinori; Leu, Hansjoerg (January 1989). "Does Percutaneous Nucleotomy With Discoscopy Replace Conventional Discectomy?: Eight Years of Experience and Results in Treatment of Herniated Lumbar Disc". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 238 (238): 35–42. doi:10.1097/00003086-198901000-00005. PMID   2910617.
  19. ↑ "Home". ISMISS.
  20. ↑ "Introducing The Spine Center at MCP Hospital". MCP Hospital. InnerView. December 7, 1995.
  21. ↑ Lecture made by Dr. NA Johanson at the 100th anniversary of The Philadelphia Orthopaedic Society Archived July 21, 2015, at the Wayback Machine , May 11, 2015.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.