Patience Cooper

Last updated

Patience Cooper
Patience Cooper (vers 1930).jpg
Cooper in a publicity portrait in 1930
Born(1905-05-30)30 May 1905
DiedApril 5, 1993(1993-04-05) (aged 87) [1]
OccupationActress
Years active1920–1946
Spouses
(m. 1926,divorced)
(m. 1930;died 1936)

Patience Cooper was an Anglo-Indian actress, and one of the early superstars of Bollywood. She was the daughter of Phoebe Stella Gamble (born in Calcutta in 1881; daughter of John Frederick Gamble and Phoebe Stella Clement whose mother was Armenian and James Alfred Cooper. An Anglo-Indian [2] born in Howrah, West Bengal, and baptised on 30 May 1905, [3] Cooper had a successful career in both silent and sound films. She is credited with the first double roles of Indian cinema—as twin sisters in Patni Prataap and as mother and daughter in Kashmiri Sundari, [4] even though earlier in 1917, actor Anna Salunke had played roles of both the male lead character Ram and the female lead character Seeta in the film Lanka Dahan . [5]

Contents

Stage career

Cooper began her career as a dancer in Bandmann's Musical Comedy, a Eurasian troupe. She later joined Jamshedji Framji Madan's Corinithian Stage Company as an actress.

Film career

Patience Cooper in the 1920s. Patience Cooper.jpg
Patience Cooper in the 1920s.

Cooper first made an impact with Nala Damayanti (1920). The film starred Keki Adajania as Nala and Cooper as Damayanti. The film was a big budget Madan Theatre production and was directed by Eugenio de Liguoro, known in Italy for his Orientalist spectacles like Fascino d'Oro (1919). Nala Damayanti was famous for its special effects at the time — Narada's ascent of Mount Meru to heaven, the transformations of four gods into impersonations of Nala, the transformation of Kali into a serpent among others.

Her next film was Vishnu Avtar, released in 1921. De Liguoro also directed Dhruva Chartitra (1921), a mythological based on the legend of Dhruva whose quest for eternal knowledge and salvation was rewarded when he became the brightest star in the heavens, the pole star also known as Dhruvatara. The film was made as a bid for an international breakthrough for Madan Theatres and featured many Europeans in the cast along with Cooper who played the female lead, Suniti.

One of Cooper's biggest successes was Pati Bhakti (1922). Cooper played Leelavati in the film, directed by the great JJ Madan himself, advocating that women should be devoted to their husband. The film is regarded as her greatest film and was also involved in a small controversy as in Madras, the censor demanded that a dance number be removed on the grounds of obscenity.

Cooper also played perhaps the first ever double roles in Hindi films Patni Pratap (1923), where she played two sisters and Kashmiri Sundari (1924), where she played mother and daughter.

Cooper did films right through to the mid-1930s. One of her last major films was Zehari Saap (1933). The film was a typical Cooper vehicle about a medieval chieftain's revolt against the good Nawab Bakar Malik. The nawab's outlaw son vows revenge and finally all's well that ends well. The dramatic conflict in the film sees the chieftain wanting to marry the princess, whom he had raised as his own daughter.

Cooper acted in over 40 films until she retired in 1944, after performing in her last film, Iraada. Cooper was often cast in the role of a sexually troubled but innocent woman, always at the centre of moral dilemmas, often caused by the men in her lives.

A major aspect of Cooper's star image was the successful achievement of the 'Hollywood look' in spite of different light and technical conditions. Her distinctively Anglo-Indian features, like dark eyes, sharp features, ebony hair and light skin tone, allowed technicians to experiment with the imported technique of eye-level lighting and achieve an appearance similar to Hollywood stars of the silent era.

The low number of women, especially Hindus, in the film industry during the 1920s (due to conservative attitudes) meant Anglo-Indian actresses like Cooper, were in demand. Her appearance in a string of successful films has led her to being called the first ever female Indian film star.

Later life

It is generally supposed Cooper married Mirza Ahmad Ispahani Saheb (MAH Ispahani), a well-known Indian businessman. In 1947, they migrated to Pakistan. [6] Actually she was married to MAH Ispahani at the age of 21 and divorced soon after. She then married Gul Hamid Khan, one of the first early silent movie actors. He died six years later from Hodgkin's Disease. [7] She remained friends with MAH Ispahani until the end of her life. Cooper changed her name to Sabra Begum and lived the last of her days with her two adopted daughters Zeenat and Haleema in Karachi, Pakistan. Her foster daughter Syeda Nafees Rizvi lives in Houston, Texas, USA[ citation needed ]. She fostered and/or adopted 17 children during her lifetime. Cooper died in 1993. [8]

Filmography

YearFilmDirectorNotes
1920Nala Damayanti Eugenio de Liguoro
1921Bishu AbatarJyotish Bandyopadhyay
Dhruba CharitraJyotish Bannerji
Nal DamayantiJyotish Bandyopadhyay
Dhruva CharitraEugenio De Liguoro
Behula C. Legrand [9]
Vishnu AvatarC. Legrand
1922Sati
RatnavaliJyotish Bannerji
Pati Bhakti J. J. Madan
Kamale Kamini Sisir Kumar Bhaduri
RamayanJyotish BandyopadhyaySerial
RamayanEugenio De LiguoroSerial
Nartaki TaraJyotish Bandyopadhyay
Ratnavali (1922 film)C. Legrand
Raja Bhoj
Mohini (1922 film)Sisir Kumar Bhaduri
Bhagirathi Ganga
Rajkumari Budur J. J. Madan
Laila Majnu (1922 film) J. J. Madan
1923 Matri Sneha Jyotish Bannerji
Noorjehan (1923 film) J. J. Madan
1924Patni PratapJ. J. MadanSerial
Turki Hoor J. J. Madan
1925Sati Lakshmi Jyotish Bannerji
Adoorat Chheley J. J. Madan
Sansar Chakra
Kashmiri Sundari
1926PrafullaJyotish Bannerji
JoydevJyotish Bannerji
DharmapatniJyotish Bannerji
1927Jana Priyanath Ganguly
Krishnakanter WillPriyanath Ganguly
Durgesh NandiniPriyanath Ganguly
ChandidasJyotish Bannerji
1928Aankh Ka Nasha
Hoor-E-ArabRatansha Sinore
BhrantiJyotish Bannerji
1929Giribala Modhu Bose
Kapal KundalaPriyanath Ganguly
1930Bharat RamaniJyotish Bannerji
Vaman Avatar
RajsinghaJyotish Bannerji
Kal ParinayaPriyanath Ganguly
Ganesh JanmaJal Ariah
1931Bibaha BibhratJyotish Bannerji
Alladin And The Wonderful LampJal Ariah
Samaj Ka Shikar
Satyawadi Raja HarishchandraJ. J. Madan
Bharati Balak Aga Hashr Kashmiri
1932Pati Bhakti
Chatra BakavaliJ. J. MadanFantasy
BilwamangalFram Madan
Alibaba And Forty ThievesJ. J. Madan
Educated Wife
Hathili DulhanJ. J. Madan
1933Madhur Murali
Naqli DoctorJ. J. Madan
Zehari SaapJ. J. Madan
1934Kismet Ka Shikar
Bhakta-Ke-BhagwanV. M. Gunjal
Garib Ki DuniyaSorabji Kerawala
Anokha PremF. R. Irani
Kanya VikrayaMohammad Hussain
Sakhi LuteraSorabji Kerawala
1935Dil Ki PyaasJ. J. Madan
Asmat Ka MotiFram Sethna
Khudadad
Prem Ki Ragini
Sulagto Sansar G. R. Sethi
Mera Pyara Ezra Mir
1936Noor-E-WahadatG. R. Sethi
Baghi Sipahi A.R. Kardar
Khyber PassGul Hamid
1937Fakhr-E-Islam Nanubhai Vakil
1943 Rani P. C. Barua
1944Chandar Kalanka Pramathesh Chandra Barua
IraadaS. Shamsuddin
1946Khan SahebPrem Sethna

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dadasaheb Phalke Award</span> Indias highest cinema award

The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is India's highest award in the field of cinema. It is presented annually at the National Film Awards ceremony by the Directorate of Film Festivals, an organisation set up by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. The recipient is honoured for their "great and outstanding contribution to the growth and development of Indian cinema" and is selected by a committee consisting of eminent personalities from the Indian film industry. The award comprises a Swarna Kamal medallion, a shawl, and a cash prize of 1,000,000 (US$13,000).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">B. R. Chopra</span> Indian film director (1914–2008)

Baldev Raj Chopra was a prolific Indian director and producer noted for pioneering the Bollywood industry and television series. He's known for directing notable films, such as Afsana, Ek Hi Raasta, Naya Daur, Sadhna, Kanoon, Gumrah, Hamraaz, Dhund, Pati Patni Aur Woh, Insaf Ka Tarazu and Nikaah. He also produced hit films, including Dhool Ka Phool, Waqt, Ittefaq, Aadmi Aur Insaan, Chhoti Si Baat, The Burning Train, Aaj Ki Awaaz, Baghban and the TV series, Mahabharat. He was awarded Dadasaheb Phalke Award, India's highest award in cinema, for the year 1998, and Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award, in 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dadasaheb Phalke</span> Indian film producer, director and screenwriter (1870–1944)

Dhundiraj Govind Phalke, popularly known as Dadasaheb Phalke, was an Indian producer-director-screenwriter, known as "the Father of Indian cinema".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Durga Khote</span> Indian actress (1905–1991)

Durga Khote was an Indian actress, beginning as one of the foremost leading ladies of her time. She remained active in Hindi and Marathi cinema, as well as theatre, for over 50 years, starring in around 200 films and numerous theatre productions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">V. Shantaram</span> Indian film director, producer, and actor

Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre, referred to as V. Shantaram or Shantaram Bapu, was an Indian filmmaker, film producer, and actor known for his work in Hindi and Marathi films. He is most known for films such as Dr. Kotnis Ki Amar Kahani (1946), Amar Bhoopali (1951), Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baaje (1955), Do Aankhen Barah Haath (1957), Navrang (1959), Duniya Na Mane (1937), Pinjara (1972), Chani, Iye Marathiche Nagari and Zunj.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruby Myers</span> Indian actress (1907–1983)

Ruby Myers, better known by her stage name Sulochana, was an Indian silent film actress of Jewish ancestry, from the community of Baghdadi Jews in India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ardeshir Irani</span> Indian writer, director and producer (1886–1969)

Khan Bahadur Ardeshir Irani was a writer, director, producer, actor, film distributor, film showman and cinematographer in the silent and sound eras of early Indian cinema. He is considered one of the greatest personalities in recent Indian Cinema. He was the director of India's first sound film Alam Ara. He was the producer of India's first colour film Kisan Kanya. He was renowned for making films in Hindi, Telugu, English, German, Indonesian, Persian, Urdu and Tamil. He was a successful entrepreneur who owned film theatres, a gramophone agency, and a car agency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kanan Devi</span> Indian actress

Kanan Devi was an Indian actress and singer. She was among the early singing stars of Indian cinema, and is credited popularly as the first star of Bengali cinema. Her singing style, usually in rapid tempo, was used instrumentally in some of the biggest hits of New Theatres, Kolkata.

Gul Hamid (1905-1936) was an Indian actor. He started his acting career in silent films and later played leading roles in talkies. He had many honors to his credit. He acted in Heer Ranjha, the first film produced in Punjabi and in Seeta, a talkie that won an honorary diploma in the 1934 Venice Film Festival and that was also the first Indian film shown at an International film festival. Hamid also wrote the script, acted in, and directed the film Khyber Pass (1936). Hamid died of Hodgkin's Disease in 1936.

Madan Theatre Company, also known as Madan Theatres Limited or Madan Theatres in short, was a film production company founded by Jamshedji Framji & his partner kanhaiyalal Kaushik, one of the pioneers of Indian Cinema.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zubeida</span> Indian actress

Zubeida Begum Dhanrajgir was an Indian actress. In addition to acting in silent films, she also starred in the first Indian talkie movie Alam Ara (1931). Which was their first talking movie. Her credits include early hits Devdas (1937), and Sagar Movietone's first Natak Meri Jaan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">P. Jairaj</span> Indian actor, director and producer

Paidi Jairaj was an Indian actor, director and producer known for his works majorly in Hindi; few Marathi, Gujarati, Telugu language films, and Telugu theatre. During the talkie period, from 1931 onwards, he started with Shikari in Urdu and English languages. Subsequently, he became one of the leading actors for about two decades, along with V. Shantaram, Ashok Kumar, Prithviraj Kapoor, Motilal etc. He starred in about 170 feature films in a variety of roles. He directed a few films such as Mohar, Mala (1943), Pratima, Rajghar and Saagar (1951), which he produced. In 1980, he was awarded with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest award for films in India, for his contributions to Indian cinema.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vishwanath Jadhav</span>

Vishwanath Jadhav (1885−1964) was an Indian classical khyal singer and a disciple of Abdul Karim Khan, the founder of Kirana gharana.

Mohini Bhasmasur is a 1913 Indian mythological film directed by Dadasaheb Phalke and starring Kamlabai Gokhale and Durgabai Kamat. It is India's and Phalke's second full-length feature film. Mohini Bhasmasur is the first Indian film to have a female actor. In Raja Harischandra, India's and Phalke's first film, the role of the female was played by Anna Salunke, a male.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bhaurao Datar</span> Indian silent film actor (1903–1982)

Bhaurao Datar was an Indian silent film actor, popularly known for his role as the 17th century Maratha king Shivaji.

Mukhtar Begum was a Pakistani classical, ghazal singer and actress. She was known as The Queen of Music, Queen Songstress and Melody Queen of India for singing songs in films and on radio. She worked in Hindi, Punjabi and Urdu films and was known for her roles in films Hathili Dulhan, Ali Baba 40 Chor, Nala Damayanti, Dil ki Pyas, Ankh ka Nasha, Muflis Ashiq and Chatra Bakavali.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sudhabala</span> Indian film actress

Sudhabala was an Indian actress from the silent era of Hindi films. She is often credited of giving break to Prithviraj Kapoor, the patriarch of the Kapoor family of the Hindi film industry. She along with Patience Cooper, Ruby Myers and Sita Devi is credited as a leading "star" of the 1920s-30s who had more mass appeal than their male counterparts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nala and Damayanti</span> Episode from the Indian epic Mahabharata

Nala and Damayanti is an episode from the Indian epic Mahabharata. It is about King Nala and his wife Damayanti : Nala loses his kingdom in a game of dice and has to go into exile with his faithful wife Damayanti in the forest, where he leaves her. Separated from each other, the two have many adventures before they are finally reunited and Nala regains his kingdom.

References

  1. "Patience Cooper". Cinemaazi. 4 May 2024.
  2. p 163, Parama Roy, Indian Traffic: Identities in Question in Colonial and Postcolonial India, University of California Press, ISBN   0-520-20487-5
  3. Ancestry.com. India, Select Births and Baptisms, 1786-1947 [database on-line].UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2014. Original data: India, Births and Baptisms, 1786-1947. Salt lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.
  4. "Personalities of Indian Cinema - Silent screen stars". indiaheritage.org. Archived from the original on 19 October 2007. Retrieved 16 February 2009.
  5. "Dadasaheb Phalke Father of Indian Cinema". Dadasaheb Phalke Academy. Archived from the original on 18 December 2012. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
  6. Article from Economic & Political Weekly [ permanent dead link ]
  7. "Gul Hamid: The silent star who was heard". The Express Tribune. 17 May 2014.
  8. "Bollywood Divas". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 16 February 2009.
  9. "1921 film starring Patience Cooper, India's 1st Anglo-Indian actress, restored in Paris lab". Times of India. 30 November 2022.