Pedro Ernesto | |
|---|---|
 Pedro Ernesto do Rego Baptista | |
| Born | September 25, 1884 |
| Died | August 10, 1942 (aged 57) |
| Occupation | Physician and politician |
Pedro Ernesto do Rego Baptista, [1] or simply "Pedro Ernesto" as he would later be known, was a successful medical surgeon who became mayor of Rio de Janeiro in mid-1931. [2] His two terms were from September 30, 1931 until October 2, 1934; and from April 7, 1935 until April 4, 1936.
Pedro Ernesto would later be known as the first Populist Brazilian politician. His victory in the elections for mayor was partly due to the backing of then-president of Brazil, Getúlio Vargas. During his term in office, he made several social and populist reforms in the fields of health care, education, and indigenous culture (to his credit stands the revival of the Samba). [2]
He quickly became the most popular politician in Brazil, and was even considered as a suitable candidate for the future presidential elections of 1938.
In 1936, however, Ernesto was charged with participation in a communist conspiracy against the government, and was arrested. [2] He spent the next few years defending himself against charges of treason, and was eventually absolved. By then, however, Vargas had already launched his autocratic "New State" (Estado Novo), erasing the possibility of democratic elections.
In October 1980, the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro, whose building is called "Pedro Ernesto Palace", instituted a medal with his name. [3] Considered the maximum commendation of the municipality, it was severely questioned in 2006, after the ex-deputy Roberto Jefferson, confessed defendant and impeached for participating in the "mensalão scandal", was decorated with it by his own daughter, councilor Cristiane Brasil. The cartoonist "Jaguar" returned his medal, given eight years earlier by the then councilman Chico Alencar. [4]
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Samba, also known as samba urbano carioca or simply samba carioca is a Brazilian music genre that originated in the Afro-Brazilian communities of Rio de Janeiro in the early 20th century. Having its roots in Brazilian folk traditions, especially those linked to the primitive rural samba of the colonial and imperial periods, is considered one of the most important cultural phenomena in Brazil and one of the country symbols. Present in the Portuguese language at least since the 19th century, the word "samba" was originally used to designate a "popular dance". Over time, its meaning has been extended to a "batuque-like circle dance", a dance style, and also to a "music genre". This process of establishing itself as a musical genre began in the 1910s and it had its inaugural landmark in the song "Pelo Telefone", launched in 1917. Despite being identified by its creators, the public, and the Brazilian music industry as "samba", this pioneering style was much more connected from the rhythmic and instrumental point of view to maxixe than to samba itself.
The Fourth Brazilian Republic is the period of Brazilian history between 1946 and 1964 also known as the "Republic of 46" or as the "Populist Republic". It was marked by political instability and military's pressure on civilian politicians which ended with the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état and establishment of Brazilian military government.
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Getúlio Dornelles "Gegè" Vargas, also known by his initials GV and nicknamed "the Father of the Poor", was a Brazilian lawyer and politician who served as the 14th and 17th president of Brazil, from 1930 to 1945 and from 1951 to 1954. He was born in São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul to a powerful local family, embarking on a quick military career before graduating from law school. He began his political career began as district attorney, soon becoming a state deputy prior to a short interim period. His return as a state legislator ended when he entered national politics, serving as member of the Chamber of Deputies and Minister of Finance before departing to head Rio Grande do Sul as state president.
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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Between 24 October and 3 November 1930, a provisional military junta governed Brazil from the ousting of President Washington Luís to the installation of Getúlio Vargas as his replacement at the end of the Revolution of 1930.
Events in the year 1943 in Brazil.
The Communist uprising of 1935 was a military revolt led by Luís Carlos Prestes and leftist low-rank military against Getúlio Vargas's government on behalf of the National Liberation Alliance. Supported by the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), then called the Communist Party of Brazil, and the Comintern it was the last of a series of Brazilian military uprisings which began on 1922 under the name of tenentismo or the lieutenants revolts.
Benedito Gomes Barbosa Junior, better known as "Bene Barbosa", is a Brazilian public security activist and specialist. He is also president of the NGO Viva Brazil Movement.
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