Medicinal fungi are those fungi which produce medically significant metabolites or can be induced to produce such metabolites using biotechnology. The range of medically active compounds that have been identified include antibiotics, anti-cancer drugs, cholesterol inhibitors, psychotropic drugs, immunosuppressants and even fungicides. Although initial discoveries centred on simple moulds of the type that cause spoilage of food, later work identified useful compounds across a wide range of fungi.
Penicillium brocae is a fungus species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated in Chiapas in Mexico.Penicillium brocae produces brocazine A, brocazine B, brocazine C, brocazine D, brocazine F, bisthiodiketopiperazine and the polyketides brocaenol A, brocaenol B, brocaenol C
Penicillium alfredii is a fungus species of the genus of Penicillium which is named after Alfred P. Sloan.
Penicillium bussumense is a fungus species of the genus of Penicillium which is named after Bussum, in the Netherlands, where this species was first isolated.
Penicillium citrinum is an anamorph, mesophilic fungus species of the genus of Penicillium which produces tanzawaic acid A-D, ACC, Mevastatin, Quinocitrinine A, Quinocitrinine B, and nephrotoxic citrinin. Penicillium citrinum is often found on moldy citrus fruits and occasionally it occurs in tropical spices and cereals. This Penicillium species also causes mortality for the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. Because of its mesophilic character, Penicillium citrinum occurs worldwide. The first statin (Mevastatin) was 1970 isolated from this species.
Penicillium corylophilum is a species of the genus of Penicillium which occurs in damp buildings in United States, Canada and western Europe but it can also be found in a variety of foods and mosquitoes. Penicillium corylophilum produces the alkaloid epoxyagroclavine and citrinin and is a pathogen to mosquitoes.
Penicillium daleae is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated from soil under conifers in Poland.
Penicillium desertorum is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated from desert soil under the plant Oryzopsis hymenoides in Wyoming in the US.
Penicillium duclauxii is an anamorph species of the genus of Penicillium which produces xenoclauxin and duclauxin.
Penicillium dunedinense is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated in Dunedin in New Zealand.
Penicillium ellipsoideosporum is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated in China.
Penicillium flavescens is a species of the genus of Penicillium.
Penicillium flavisclerotiatum is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated from soil of the Stellenbosch mountain in Fynbos in South Africa.
Penicillium mallochii is a species of the genus of Penicillium which was isolated from the caterpillars Rothschildia lebeau and Citheronia lobesis on Costa Rica.
Penicillium polonicum is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which produces penicillic acid, verucosidin, patulin, anacine, 3-methoxyviridicatin and glycopeptides. Penicillium polonicum can spoil cereals, peanuts, onions, dried meats, citrus fruits
Penicillium singorense is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from house dust in the city Songkhla in Thailand.
Penicillium verhagenii is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from Postel in Belgium.
Penicillium viticola is a species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from grapes in Yamanashi Prefecture in Japan. Penicillium viticola produces calcium malate
Penicillium commune is an indoor fungus belonging to the genus of Penicillium. It is known as one of the most common fungi spoilage moulds on cheese. It also grows on and spoils other foods such as meat products and fat-containing products like nuts and margarine. Cyclopiazonic acid and regulovasine A and B are the most important mycotoxins produced by P. commune. The fungus is the only known species to be able to produce both penitrem A and roquefortine. Although this species does not produce penicillin, it has shown to have anti-pathogenic activity. There are no known plant, animal or human diseases caused by P. commune.
