Interventional radiology (IR) is a medical specialty that performs various minimally-invasive procedures using medical imaging guidance, such as x-ray fluoroscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or ultrasound. IR performs both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures through very small incisions or body orifices. Diagnostic IR procedures are those intended to help make a diagnosis or guide further medical treatment, and include image-guided biopsy of a tumor or injection of an imaging contrast agent into a hollow structure, such as a blood vessel or a duct. By contrast, therapeutic IR procedures provide direct treatment—they include catheter-based medicine delivery, medical device placement, and angioplasty of narrowed structures.
Vascular surgery is a surgical subspecialty in which vascular diseases involving the arteries, veins, or lymphatic vessels, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive catheter procedures and surgical reconstruction. The specialty evolved from general and cardiovascular surgery where it refined the management of just the vessels, no longer treating the heart or other organs. Modern vascular surgery includes open surgery techniques, endovascular techniques and medical management of vascular diseases - unlike the parent specialities. The vascular surgeon is trained in the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting all parts of the vascular system excluding the coronaries and intracranial vasculature. Vascular surgeons also are called to assist other physicians to carry out surgery near vessels, or to salvage vascular injuries that include hemorrhage control, dissection, occlusion or simply for safe exposure of vascular structures.
An aortic aneurysm is an enlargement (dilatation) of the aorta to greater than 1.5 times normal size. Typically, there are no symptoms except when the aneurysm dissects or ruptures, which causes sudden, severe pain in the abdomen and lower back.
A thoracic aortic aneurysm is an aortic aneurysm that presents primarily in the thorax.
Minimally invasive procedures encompass surgical techniques that limit the size of incisions needed, thereby reducing wound healing time, associated pain, and risk of infection. Surgery by definition is invasive, and many operations requiring incisions of some size are referred to as open surgery. Incisions made during open surgery can sometimes leave large wounds that may be painful and take a long time to heal. Advancements in medical technologies have enabled the development and regular use of minimally invasive procedures. For example, endovascular aneurysm repair, a minimally invasive surgery, has become the most common method of repairing abdominal aortic aneurysms in the US as of 2003. The procedure involves much smaller incisions than the corresponding open surgery procedure of open aortic surgery.
The Master of Surgery is an advanced qualification in surgery. Depending upon the degree, it may be abbreviated ChM, MCh, MChir or MS. At a typical medical school the program lasts two to three years. The possession of a medical degree is a prerequisite. The ChM can be awarded on clinical and academic or academic competency. The regulations may ask for surgical experience and a thesis topic that is not purely medical.
Loyola Medicine, also known as Loyola University Health System, is a quaternary-care system with a 61-acre (25 ha) main medical center campus in the western suburbs of Chicago, in the U.S. state of Illinois. The medical center campus is located in Maywood, 13 miles (21 km) west of the Chicago Loop and 8 miles (13 km) east of Oak Brook. The heart of the medical center campus is the Loyola University Medical Center. Also on campus are the Joseph Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center Loyola Outpatient Center, Center for Heart & Vascular Medicine and Loyola Oral Health Center as well as the Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Center for Translational Research and Education, and the Loyola Center for Fitness.
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD), not to be confused with preceding phlegmasia alba dolens, is an uncommon severe form of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) that obstructs blood outflow from a vein. Upper extremity PCD is less common, occurring in under 10% of all cases. PCD results from extensive thrombotic occlusion of extremity veins, most commonly an iliofemoral DVT, of the iliac vein and/or common femoral vein. It is a medical emergency requiring immediate evaluation and treatment.
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a type of minimally-invasive endovascular surgery used to treat pathology of the aorta, most commonly an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). When used to treat thoracic aortic disease, the procedure is then specifically termed TEVAR for "thoracic endovascular aortic/aneurysm repair." EVAR involves the placement of an expandable stent graft within the aorta to treat aortic disease without operating directly on the aorta. In 2003, EVAR surpassed open aortic surgery as the most common technique for repair of AAA, and in 2010, EVAR accounted for 78% of all intact AAA repair in the United States.
The International Symposium on Endovascular Therapy (ISET) is an educational meeting for physicians, scientists, engineers and allied health professionals working in the multidisciplinary field of peripheral and cardiac interventional medicine. The meeting provides information on the latest techniques and technology for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of vascular diseases, among them stroke, heart attack, aneurysm and hardening of the arteries. The meeting highlights life-saving procedures that are considered less invasive than traditional surgery.
Michael L. Marin is an American vascular surgeon. Together with Drs. Frank Veith, Juan C. Parodi and Claudio J. Schonholz, he was the first in the United States to perform minimally invasive aortic aneurysm surgery. In 2004, he was the first doctor to implant an intravascular telemetric monitor -- a device that alerts to physicians any leakage in aortic stent-grafts.
Peter Lin is an American vascular surgeon, medical researcher, specializing in minimally invasive endovascular treatment of vascular disease. He has published extensively in the area of vascular surgery and endovascular surgery.
Surgical Outcomes Analysis & Research, SOAR, is a research laboratory of the Department of Surgery at Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center with expertise in outcomes research. SOAR investigates surgical diseases and perioperative outcomes. The group focuses on pancreatic cancer, other gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary malignancies, vascular disease, and transplant surgery. SOAR's goal is to examine quality, delivery, and financing of care in order to have an immediate impact on patient care and system improvements. The group members utilize national health services and administrative databases, as well as institutional databases, to investigate and to address factors contributing to disease outcomes and healthcare disparities.
Kenneth Ouriel is a vascular surgeon and medical researcher. In 2007, Ouriel was appointed the chief executive officer of Sheikh Khalifa Medical City in Abu Dhabi. In 2009, he was senior vice president and chief of international operations at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital. He has been described as one of America's top vascular surgeons.
Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI), also known as critical limb ischemia (CLI), is an advanced stage of peripheral artery disease (PAD). It is defined as ischemic rest pain, arterial insufficiency ulcers, and gangrene. The latter two conditions are jointly referred to as tissue loss, reflecting the development of surface damage to the limb tissue due to the most severe stage of ischemia. Compared to the other manifestation of PAD, intermittent claudication, CLI has a negative prognosis within a year after the initial diagnosis, with 1-year amputation rates of approximately 12% and mortality of 50% at 5 years and 70% at 10 years.
Rajiv Parakh is the chairman at the Division of Peripheral Vascular and Endovascular Sciences at Medanta, Gurgaon, India. In 1986 he completed his vascular surgery training and acquired a fellowship from the Royal College of Surgeons in the United Kingdom. He returned to India where, in 1990, he established one of the country's first independent departments of vascular surgery at a city hospital.
Juan Carlos Parodi is an Argentinian vascular surgeon who introduced the minimally invasive endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) to the world and performed the first successful endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm on 7 September 1990 in Buenos Aires. In 1992 he was the first in the United States to perform minimally invasive aortic aneurysm surgery together with Drs. Frank Veith, Michael L. Marin and Claudio J. Schonholz. He continues to develop new techniques, including seat belt and air bag technique for cerebral protection during carotid stenting. He is recognized as a renowned pioneer in the specialty of endovascular repairs of the aorta.
Gustavo S. Oderich is a Brazilian American vascular and endovascular surgeon who serves as a professor and chief of vascular and endovascular surgery, and is the director of the Advanced Endovascular Aortic Program at McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and Memorial Hermann Health System. He previously served as chair of vascular and endovascular division at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Oderich is recognized for his work in minimally invasive endovascular surgery and research in fenestrated and branched stent-graft technology to treat complex aortic aneurysms and dissections.
James May was an Australian vascular surgeon and university professor. He made significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases, particularly in the areas of arterial and venous disorders. He introduced endovascular surgical techniques for arterial grafting to Australia. May was Head of the Division of Surgery at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital from 1979 to 1995 and was also the Bosch Professor of Surgery at the University of Sydney from 1979 to 2014. May was awarded Australia's highest civilian honour, Companion of the Order of Australia, in 2001.
Roger Malcolm Greenhalgh was a British surgeon, researcher and educator best known for his contributions to the field of vascular surgery. He was emeritus Professor of Surgery at Imperial College London in London, England and Head of the Imperial College Vascular Surgery Research Group at the time of his death.
