Petra Moser

Last updated
Petra Moser
Alma mater University of California, Berkeley (PhD); Yale University (MA); University of Tubingen (BA); University of Missouri, Columbia
Awards National Science Foundation CAREER Award; Fulbright Scholarship
Scientific career
FieldsEconomic History
Institutions New York University Stern School of Business
Thesis Determinants of Innovation: Evidence from 19th-Century World Fairs (2001)
Doctoral students Alessandra Voena

Petra Moser is an economist and economic historian serving as a Professor of Economics at the New York University Stern School of Business. [1] Her work examines the origins of creativity and innovation. [1] [2] She is the recipient of a National Science Foundation CAREER Award. [1]

Contents

Biography

Moser was born in Germany, [3] and completed her undergraduate studies at the University of Tübingen. [1] She subsequently studied at the University of Missouri, Columbia on a Fulbright Scholarship. [1] In 1996, she received her MA in International Relations from Yale University, and in 2002 graduated from the University of California, Berkeley with a PhD in Economics. [2] At Berkeley, she completed her dissertation research on the effects of patent laws on downstream innovation, leveraging exhibitions data from early world's fairs. [4] For her work, she received the Alexander Gerschenkron Prize, awarded by the Economic History Association to the best dissertation in economic history on an area outside the United States or Canada. [4]

Moser began her academic career at the MIT Sloan School of Management, where she was an Assistant Professor of Strategy until 2006. [5] From 2005 to 2006, she was a National Fellow at the Hoover Institution. [6] She subsequently joined Stanford University as an Assistant Professor of Economics. [3] In 2015, she moved to the New York University Stern School of Business, where she currently serves as Professor of Economics. [7]

In addition to her academic appointment, Moser is affiliated with the National Bureau of Economic Research [8] and Center for Economic and Policy Research. [2] She is a member of the editorial board of Explorations in Economic History. [9] From 2018-2021 she was on the board of the American Economic Association Committee on the Status of Women in the Economics Profession. [10]

Moser is fluent in German and English, with additional proficiency in Spanish, French, Italian, and Latin. [5]

Research

Moser's research uses tools from economic history and applied econometrics to study the origins of creativity and innovation. [1] According to Research Papers in Economics, as of November 2023 she is among the top 400 female economists in the world. [11]

World's fairs

Moser's dissertation research examined the effects of patent laws on downstream innovation using data from the 1851 Great Exhibition in London and the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. [12] Moser shows that countries with stronger patent laws featured inventions across a wider diversity of industries than their counterparts with weaker enforcement. [13] In particular, Moser shows that small European countries such as Switzerland with limited patent enforcement focused on scientific instruments, whose production process was easier to guard as trade secrets. [12]

In work with Michela Giorcelli in the Journal of Political Economy, [14] Moser leverages the staggered introduction of copyright laws in Italian states over the course of the Napoleonic invasion of Italy to study the effects of intellectual property enforcement on opera. She finds that the introduction of copyright laws increased the number of operas per year by 121%. [15] The research has been cited as evidence for the importance of strong intellectual property enforcement in fostering creativity. [15]

Immigration and science

In work with Alessandra Voena and Fabian Waldinger published in the American Economic Review, [16] Moser shows that United States patenting in subfields of chemistry covered by German-Jewish emigrants during World War II increased by 31% relative to the fields of other German scientists. [17] [18]

Leveraging a similar methodological approach, Moser shows with Shmuel San [19] that reductions in immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe in response to the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and Immigration Act of 1924 decreased patenting by U.S. scientists in the fields covered by those immigrants by almost 60%. [20]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Intellectual property</span> Ownership of creative expressions and processes

Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect. There are many types of intellectual property, and some countries recognize more than others. The best-known types are patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. The modern concept of intellectual property developed in England in the 17th and 18th centuries. The term "intellectual property" began to be used in the 19th century, though it was not until the late 20th century that intellectual property became commonplace in most of the world's legal systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Spence</span> Canadian-American economist

Andrew Michael Spence is a Canadian-American economist and Nobel laureate.

Alexander Gerschenkron was an American economic historian and professor at Harvard University, trained in the Austrian School of economics.

The software patent debate is the argument about the extent to which, as a matter of public policy, it should be possible to patent software and computer-implemented inventions. Policy debate on software patents has been active for years. The opponents to software patents have gained more visibility with fewer resources through the years than their pro-patent opponents. Arguments and critiques have been focused mostly on the economic consequences of software patents.

The Adelphi Charter on Creativity, Innovation and Intellectual Property is the result of a project commissioned by the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures & Commerce, London, England, and is intended as a positive statement of what good intellectual property policy is. The Charter was issued in 2004.

The Leonard N. Stern School of Business is the business school of New York University, a private research university based in New York City. Founded as the School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance in 1900, the school received its current name in 1988.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Susan Athey</span> American economist

Susan Carleton Athey is an American economist. She is the Economics of Technology Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences at the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Prior to joining Stanford, she has been a professor at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is the first female winner of the John Bates Clark Medal. She served as the consulting chief economist for Microsoft for six years and was a consulting researcher to Microsoft Research. She is currently on the boards of Expedia, Lending Club, Rover, Turo, Ripple, and non-profit Innovations for Poverty Action. She also serves as the senior fellow at Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research. She is an associate director for the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence and the director of Golub Capital Social Impact Lab.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eric Maskin</span> American Nobel laureate in economics

Eric Stark Maskin is an American economist and mathematician. He was jointly awarded the 2007 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Leonid Hurwicz and Roger Myerson "for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory". He is the Adams University Professor and Professor of Economics and Mathematics at Harvard University.

Legal scholars, economists, activists, policymakers, industries, and trade organizations have held differing views on patents and engaged in contentious debates on the subject. Critical perspectives emerged in the nineteenth century that were especially based on the principles of free trade. Contemporary criticisms have echoed those arguments, claiming that patents block innovation and waste resources that could otherwise be used productively, and also block access to an increasingly important "commons" of enabling technologies, apply a "one size fits all" model to industries with differing needs, that is especially unproductive for industries other than chemicals and pharmaceuticals and especially unproductive for the software industry. Enforcement by patent trolls of poor quality patents has led to criticism of the patent office as well as the system itself. Patents on pharmaceuticals have also been a particular focus of criticism, as the high prices they enable puts life-saving drugs out of reach of many people. Alternatives to patents have been proposed, such Joseph Stiglitz's suggestion of providing "prize money" as a substitute for the lost profits associated with abstaining from the monopoly given by a patent.

The copyright term is the length of time copyright subsists in a work before it passes into the public domain. In most of the world, this length of time is the life of the author plus either 50 or 70 years.

Alexander Ljungqvist is a Swedish economist, educator, scholar, writer, and speaker. He is a professor of finance at the Stockholm School of Economics, where he is the inaugural holder of the Stefan Persson Family Chair in Entrepreneurial Finance. His areas of expertise include corporate finance, investment banking, initial public offerings, entrepreneurial finance, private equity, venture capital, corporate governance, and asset pricing. Professor Ljungqvist teaches Master's, MBA, and executive courses in private equity and venture capital and a PhD course in corporate finance.

Lasse Heje Pedersen is a Danish financial economist known for his research on liquidity risk and asset pricing. He is Professor of Finance at the Copenhagen Business School. Before that, he held the position of a Professor of Finance and Alternative Investments at the New York University Stern School of Business. He has also served in the monetary policy panel and liquidity working group at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and is a principal at AQR Capital Management.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Padma Desai</span> Indian-American development economist (1931–2023)

Padma Desai was an Indian-American development economist who was the Gladys and Roland Harriman Professor Emerita of comparative economic systems and director of the Center for Transition Economies at Columbia University. Known for her scholarship on Soviet and Indian industrial policy, she was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2009.

The economics of digitization is the field of economics that studies how digitization, digitalisation and digital transformation affects markets and how digital data can be used to study economics. Digitization is the process by which technology lowers the costs of storing, sharing, and analyzing data. This has changed how consumers behave, how industrial activity is organized, and how governments operate. The economics of digitization exists as a distinct field of economics for two reasons. First, new economic models are needed because many traditional assumptions about information no longer hold in a digitized world. Second, the new types of data generated by digitization require new methods for their analysis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lisa D. Cook</span> American economist (born 1964)

Lisa DeNell Cook is an American economist who has served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors since May 23, 2022. She is the first African American woman and first woman of color to sit on the Board. Before her appointment to the Federal Reserve, she was elected to the board of directors of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.

Nancy T. Gallini is an economist, professor emeritus, researcher, and author. She is a professor emeritus at the Vancouver School of Economics based in the University of British Columbia. She has served on multiple editorial boards such as American Economic Review, International Journal of Industrial Organization, Journal of Economic Literature and the Journal of Industrial Economics. In 2008, Dr. Gallini was appointed as a member to the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. From 2011-2014 Dr. Gallini served on the executive council for the Canadian Economic Association. Her research "focuses on the economics of intellectual property, competition policy, strategic alliances, licensing, and optimal patent policy". She is the co-author of Competition Policy and Intellectual Property Rights in the Knowledge-Based Economy. She has won numerous awards and a fellowship throughout her career. She has received 8 research grants from the Social Science and Humanities Research Council. These grants are one SSHRC Leave Fellowship, one SSHRC Post-Doctoral Fellowship and six SSHRC Research Grants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laura Veldkamp</span> American economist

Laura Veldkamp is an American economist teaching as a professor of finance at Columbia University's Graduate School of Business and also serves as a co-editor of the Journal of Economic Theory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaétan de Rassenfosse</span> Belgian economist

Gaétan de Rassenfosse is a Belgian economist, whose research is specialized in the field of economics of innovation. He is a professor at EPFL, where he heads the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Laboratory at the College of Management of Technology.

Maya Rossin-Slater is an American health economist currently serving as Associate Professor of Health Policy in the Stanford University School of Medicine. Her research examines the causal effects of social policies and events in utero on the well-being of families and children in the United States. In 2023 Rossin-Slater received the Elaine Bennett Research Prize, awarded annually by the American Economic Association to the best female economist not more than ten years beyond her PhD. She is also the recipient of a National Science Foundation CAREER Award.

Alessandra Voena is an Italian development and labor economist currently serving as Professor of Economics at Stanford University. Her research focuses on the economics of the family, in addition to the study of science and innovation. Voena is an elected fellow of the Econometric Society, and is the recipient of a Sloan Research Fellowship. In 2017, she received the Carlo Alberto Medal, awarded biennially by the Collegio Carlo Alberto to the best Italian economist under the age of 40.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fellow, -Professor of Economics – Jules I. Backman Faculty. "NYU Stern - Petra Moser - Professor of Economics". www.stern.nyu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  2. 1 2 3 "Petra Moser". CEPR. 2021-07-26. Retrieved 2023-10-17.
  3. 1 2 Stewart, James B. (2015-06-18). "A Fearless Culture Fuels U.S. Tech Giants". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2023-10-17.
  4. 1 2 "Gerschenkron Prize – EH.net" . Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  5. 1 2 "Petra Moser CV" (PDF). MIT Sloan. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  6. ↑ "Petra Moser". Hoover Institution. Retrieved 2023-10-17.
  7. ↑ Fellow, -Professor of Economics – Jules I. Backman Faculty. "NYU Stern - Petra Moser - Professor of Economics". www.stern.nyu.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  8. ↑ "Petra Moser". NBER. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  9. ↑ "Editorial board - Explorations in Economic History | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  10. ↑ "American Economic Association". www.aeaweb.org. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  11. ↑ "Top Female Economists Rankings | IDEAS/RePEc". ideas.repec.org. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  12. 1 2 Riordan, Teresa (2003-09-29). "Patents; An economist strolls through history and turns patent theory upside down". The New York Times . Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  13. ↑ Moser, Petra (2005-08-01). "How Do Patent Laws Influence Innovation? Evidence from Nineteenth-Century World's Fairs". American Economic Review. 95 (4): 1214–1236. doi:10.1257/0002828054825501. ISSN   0002-8282. S2CID   16235580.
  14. ↑ Giorcelli, Michela; Moser, Petra (2020-11-01). "Copyrights and Creativity: Evidence from Italian Opera in the Napoleonic Age". Journal of Political Economy. 128 (11): 4163–4210. doi:10.1086/710534. ISSN   0022-3808. S2CID   261822125.
  15. 1 2 Kurtzleben, Danielle (2014-10-24). "Napoleon's conquest of Italy led to a copyright-fueled opera boom". Vox. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  16. ↑ Moser, Petra; Voena, Alessandra; Waldinger, Fabian (2014-10-01). "German Jewish Émigrés and US Invention". American Economic Review. 104 (10): 3222–3255. doi:10.1257/aer.104.10.3222. ISSN   0002-8282.
  17. ↑ Frank, Adam (2017-08-22). "American Science And The Nazis". NPR Cosmos and Culture. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  18. ↑ "How German Anti-Semitism Spurred US Science". The University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  19. ↑ Moser, Petra; San, Shmuel (2020). "Immigration, Science, and Invention. Lessons from the Quota Acts". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3558718. ISSN   1556-5068. S2CID   219119633.
  20. ↑ Goolsbee, Austan (2019-10-11). "Sharp Cuts in Immigration Threaten U.S. Economy and Innovation". The New York Times . Retrieved 2023-11-03.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.