Phacusa subtilis

Phacusa subtilis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Clade:	Euarthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Zygaenidae
Genus:	Phacusa
Species:	P. subtilis
Binomial name
	Phacusa subtilis; Hering, 1925

Last updated May 01, 2019

Phacusa subtilis is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Hering in 1925. It is found on Java.^[1]

Moths comprise a group of insects related to butterflies, belonging to the order Lepidoptera. Most lepidopterans are moths, and there are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of which have yet to be described. Most species of moth are nocturnal, but there are also crepuscular and diurnal species.

The Zygaenidae moths are a family of Lepidoptera. The majority of zygaenids are tropical, but they are nevertheless quite well represented in temperate regions. Some of the 1000 or so species are commonly known as burnet or forester moths, often qualified by the number of spots, although other families also have 'foresters'. They are also sometimes called smoky moths.

Java is an island of Indonesia, bordered by the Indian Ocean on the south and the Java Sea on the north. With a population of over 141 million or 145 million, Java is the home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the world's most populous island. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is located on its northwestern coast. Much of Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies. Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally. Four of Indonesia's eight UNESCO world heritage sites are located in Java: Ujung Kulon National Park, Borobudur Temple, Prambanan Temple, and Sangiran Early Man Site.

Related Research Articles

Nattō (納豆) is a traditional Japanese food made from soybeans fermented with Bacillus subtilis var. natto. Some eat it as a breakfast food. It is served with soy sauce, karashi mustard and Japanese bunching onion. Nattō may be an acquired taste because of its powerful smell, strong flavor, and sticky, slimy texture. In Japan, nattō is most popular in the eastern regions, including Kantō, Tōhoku, and Hokkaido.

Bacillus subtilis, known also as the hay bacillus or grass bacillus, is a Gram-positive, catalase-positive bacterium, found in soil and the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants and humans. A member of the genus Bacillus, B. subtilis is rod-shaped, and can form a tough, protective endospore, allowing it to tolerate extreme environmental conditions. B. subtilis has historically been classified as an obligate aerobe, though evidence exists that it is a facultative anaerobe. B. subtilis is considered the best studied Gram-positive bacterium and a model organism to study bacterial chromosome replication and cell differentiation. It is one of the bacterial champions in secreted enzyme production and used on an industrial scale by biotechnology companies.

The mangrove black hawk, Buteogallus anthracinus subtilis, is a neotropical bird of prey in the family Accipitridae native to South and Central America. Briefly treated as a distinct species, Buteogallus subtilis, recent evidence strongly suggests it should be considered a subspecies of the common black hawk.

The southern birch mouse is a species of birch mouse in the family Dipodidae. It is found on the Balkan Peninsula, Ukraine, Romania, southern Russia and one isolated location in Hungary in the Borsodi Mezőség Protected Landscape Area. The Hungarian subspecies (S. subtilis trizona) is critically endangered and strictly protected. The first living specimen was captured after a 70-year-long hiatus in 2006.

Phacusa was a city in the late Roman province of Augustamnica Prima. It served as a bishopric that was a suffragan of Pelusium, the metropolitan see of that province.

In a screen of the Bacillus subtilis genome for genes encoding ncRNAs, Saito et al. focused on 123 intergenic regions (IGRs) over 500 base pairs in length, the authors analyzed expression from these regions. Seven IGRs termed bsrC, bsrD, bsrE, bsrF, bsrG, bsrH and bsrI expressed RNAs smaller than 380 nt. All the small RNAs except BsrD RNA were expressed in transformed Escherichia coli cells harboring a plasmid with PCR-amplified IGRs of B. subtilis, indicating that their own promoters independently express small RNAs. Under non-stressed condition, depletion of the genes for the small RNAs did not affect growth. Although their functions are unknown, gene expression profiles at several time points showed that most of the genes except for bsrD were expressed during the vegetative phase, but undetectable during the stationary phase. Mapping the 5' ends of the 6 small RNAs revealed that the genes for BsrE, BsrF, BsrG, BsrH, and BsrI RNAs are preceded by a recognition site for RNA polymerase sigma factor σ^A.

Rastrimonas is a monotypic genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. It contains the single species Rastrimonas subtilis. It was described in 2002 from the free-living cryptomonad Chilomonas paramaecium and placed in the new genus Cryptophagus. The following year this was renamed Rastrimonas.

Exobiology Radiation Assembly (ERA) was an experiment that investigated the biological effects of space radiation, on board the European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA), an unmanned 4.5 tonne satellite with a payload of 15 experiments. It was an astrobiology mission developed by the European Space Agency (ESA).

Phacusa chalcobasis is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1919. It is found on Sumatra in Indonesia.

Phacusa manilensis is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1919. It is found on Luzon in the Philippines.

Phacusa nicobarica is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1919. It is found on the Nicobar Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean.

Phacusa paracybele is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Alberti in 1954. It is found in China.

Phacusa tonkinensis is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Alberti in 1954. It is found in Vietnam.

Phacusa birmana is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Oberthür in 1894. It is found in Myanmar.

Phacusa discoidalis is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Swinhoe in 1903. It is found in northern Vietnam.

Phacusa dolosa is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1856. It is found in India and Myanmar.

Phacusa inermis is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Alberti in 1954. It is found in China.

Phacusa khasiana is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Moore in 1879. It is found in India (Assam).

Phacusa properta is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Swinhoe in 1890. It is found in Birma, northern India and the Nicobar Islands.

Phacusa tenebrosa is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in northern India.

References

↑ Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Phacusa subtilis". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index . Natural History Museum . Retrieved May 12, 2018.

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[1] Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Phacusa subtilis". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index . Natural History Museum . Retrieved May 12, 2018.