Pharae (Ancient Greek : Φαραί) was an ancient city in Crete, Greece. The city was founded by the city of Pharae in Messenia and named for it. [1] [2]
Ancient Greece was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories. Prior to the Roman period, most of these regions were officially unified once under the Kingdom of Macedon from 338 to 323 BC. In Western history, the era of classical antiquity was immediately followed by the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine period.
In Greek mythology, Machaon was a son of Asclepius; and the older brother of Podalirius. He and his brother led an army from Tricca in the Trojan War on the side of the Greeks.
Tanagra is a town and a municipality north of Athens in Boeotia, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the town Schimatari. It is not far from Thebes, and it was noted in antiquity for the figurines named after it. The Tanagra figurines were a mass-produced, mold-cast and fired type of Greek terracotta figurine produced from the later fourth century BC, primarily in Tanagra.
The Achaean League was a Hellenistic-era confederation of Greek city-states on the northern and central Peloponnese. The league was named after the region of Achaea in the northwestern Peloponnese, which formed its original core. The first league was formed in the fifth century BC. The second Achaean League was established in 280 BC. As a rival of Antigonid Macedon and an ally of the Roman Republic, the league played a major role in the expansion of Rome into Greece. This process eventually led to the League's conquest and dissolution by the Romans in 146 BC.
Pherae was a city and polis (city-state) in southeastern Ancient Thessaly. One of the oldest Thessalian cities, it was located in the southeast corner of Pelasgiotis. According to Strabo, it was near Lake Boebeïs 90 stadia from Pagasae, its harbor on the Gulf of Pagasae. The site is in the modern community of Velestino.
The Peiros is a river in the central and the northwestern parts of Achaea, Greece. It is 42.6 km (26.5 mi) long.
Fares is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Farres, Achaea, Greek. It is located on the left bank of the river Peiros, 2 km southeast of Isoma and 17 km south of Patras. The community includes the village Prevedos. Prevedos is on the Greek National Road 33.
Eperatus of Pharae in Achaea was an Ancient Greek general of the 3rd century BC.
Thuria or Thouria was a town of ancient Messenia, situated in the eastern part of the southern Messenian plain, upon the river Aris, and at the distance of 80 stadia from Pharae, which was about a mile from the coast. It was generally identified with the Homeric Antheia, though others supposed it to be Aepeia. It must have been a place of considerable importance, since the distant Messenian Gulf was even named after it. It was also one of the chief towns of the Lacedaemonian Perioeci after the subjugation of Messenia; and it was here that the Third Messenian War took its rise in 464 BCE. On the restoration of the Messenians by Epaminondas, Thuria, like the other towns in the country, was dependent upon the newly-founded capital Messene; but after the capture of that city by the Achaeans in 182 BCE, Thuria, Pharae, and Abia joined the Achaean League as independent members. Thuria was annexed to Laconia by Augustus; but it was restored to Messenia by Tiberius.
Rhypes, or Rhypae or Rhypai (Ῥύπαι) was a polis (city-state) of ancient Achaea, 30 stadia west of Aegium, and was one of the original twelve Achaean cities. It had ceased to be a member of the Achaean League in the time of Polybius, who mentions Leontium in its place. Rhypes, however, continued to exist down to the time of Augustus; but this emperor destroyed the city and transferred its inhabitants to Patrae, and its territory was divided between Aegium and Pharae. Its ruins were seen by Pausanias, in the 2nd century, at a short distance from the main road from Aegium to Patrae. We learn from Strabo that this town was mentioned by Aeschylus as κεραυνίας Ῥύπας, or "Rhypes stricken by the thunderbolt." It was the birthplace of Myscellus, the founder of Croton.
Messenia was an ancient district of the southwestern Peloponnese, more or less overlapping the modern Messenia region of Greece. To the north it had a border with Elis along the Neda river. From there the border with Arcadia ran along the tops of Mount Elaeum and Mount Nomia and then through foothills of Taygetus. The eastern border with Laconia went along the Taygetus ridge up to the Koskaraka river, and then along that river to the sea, near the city of Abia.
In Greek mythology, Pharis was the son of Hermes and the Danaid Phylodámeia (Φυλοδάμεια), and founder of Pharae in Messene.
Pharae, otherwise known as Phara (Φᾶρα), and Pherae, was a town and polis (city-state), situated by the Peiros River, approximately 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from the sea and 23.5 kilometres (14.6 mi) from the town of Patras, in what is now southern Greece. It was one of the twelve Achaean cities, and one of the four major cities which spearheaded the restoration of the Achaean League in 280 BC.
Pharae was an ancient town of Messenia, situated upon a hill rising from the left bank of the river Nedon, and at a distance of a mile (1.5 km) from the Messenian Gulf. Strabo describes it as situated 5 stadia from the sea, and Pausanias 6. William Smith states that it is probable that the earth deposited at the mouth of the river Nedon has, in the course of centuries, encroached upon the sea. Pausanias distinguishes this city from the Achaean city of Pharae (Φαραὶ), 150 stadia from Patrae and 70 stadia from the coast. Pherae occupied the site of Kalamata, the modern capital of Messenia; and in antiquity also it seems to have been the chief town in the southern Messenian plain.
Pharae was an ancient city in Boeotia, Greece. The city was located a short distance from Tanagra. Coins from this city have been preserved dating from c. 550–480 BCE, and from c. 387–374 BCE. The location of the city is not known, but may possibly be at Agios Pantaleimon, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northeast of the village of Schimatari, where on the coast nearby is a village named Pharos.
Phare or Pharis (Φᾶρις), afterwards called Pharae (Φαραί), was a town of Laconia in the Spartan plain, situated upon the road from Amyclae to the sea. It was mentioned in the Catalog of ships in the Iliad, and was one of the ancient Achaean towns. It maintained its independence till the reign of Teleclus, king of Sparta; and, after its conquest, continued to be a Lacedaemonian town under the name of Pharae. It was said to have been plundered by Aristomenes in the Second Messenian War. It is also mentioned in a corrupt passage of Strabo, and by other ancient writers.
Tritaea or Tritaia was a polis (city-state) of Achaea, and the most inland of the 12 Achaean cities, was distant 120 stadia from Pharae. According Pausanias, Tritaea's foundation was said to be due to either: Celbidas, who came from Cumae; or Melanippus, a son of Ares and Triteia, herself a daughter of Triton and priestess of Athena, and that Melanippus named the town after his mother.
Leontium or Leontion was a town and polis (city-state) of ancient Achaea. It was not originally one of the twelve Achaean cities, though it afterwards became so, succeeding to the place of Rhypes. It is only mentioned by Polybius, and its position is uncertain. It must, however, have been an inland town, and was probably between Pharae and the territory of Aegium, since we find that the Eleians under the Aetolian general Euripidas, after marching through the territory of Pharae as far as that of Aegium, retreated to Leontium. During the Social War, nearby was fought the Battle of Leontion (217 BCE).
Nisa was a city in ancient Boeotia, mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad, where the poet applies the epithet "divine" to the city.