Phenylethanoid

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Tyrosol, a simple phenylethanoid. Tyrosol.svg
Tyrosol, a simple phenylethanoid.

Phenylethanoids are a type of phenolic compounds characterized by a phenethyl alcohol structure. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol are examples of such compounds.

Glycosides

The red deadnettle ( Lamium purpureum ) contains phenylethanoid glycosides named lamiusides A, B, C, D and E. [1] The aerial parts of Stachys officinalis contain phenylethanoid glycosides, (betonyosides A, B, C, D, E and F). Chemical investigation of methanol extracts from Pithecoctenium crucigerum (Bignoniaceae) showed the presence of five phenylethanoid glycosides (verbascoside, isoverbascoside, forsythoside B, jionoside D and leucosceptoside B), these all active against DPPH. [2]

Verbascoside and echinacoside are phenylethanoid and phenylpropanoid hybrids forming ester bonds with sugars.

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Flavonoid A class of plant and fungus secondary metabolites

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Glycoside Molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group

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<i>Lamium purpureum</i> Species of flowering plant

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Phytochemistry Study of phytochemicals, which are chemicals derived from plants

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<i>Lamium album</i> Species of flowering plant

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Hydroxytyrosol Chemical compound

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Steviol glycoside

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Germacrene Chemical compound

Germacrenes are a class of volatile organic hydrocarbons, specifically, sesquiterpenes. Germacrenes are typically produced in a number of plant species for their antimicrobial and insecticidal properties, though they also play a role as insect pheromones. Two prominent molecules are germacrene A and germacrene D.

<i>Byblis liniflora</i> Species of plant

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Grandinin Chemical compound

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<i>Pithecoctenium</i>

Pithecoctenium, monkey's-comb, is a Bignoniaceae genus of some 20 species of climbing shrubs occurring in the Caribbean and Tropical South America from Brazil to Mexico. Leaves are opposite with 3 entire and stalked leaflets, the terminal leaflet sometimes being modified into a tendril. The genus has distinctive prickly capsules. The white or violet flowers are in simple racemes, sometimes branched. The genus is closely related to Bignonia and Anemopaegma.

Cucurbitane Chemical compound

Cucurbitane is a class of chemical compounds with formula C
30
H
54
. There are a polycyclic hydrocarbon, specifically triterpene. There are isomers of lanostane, from which it differs by the formal shift of a methyl group from the 10 to the 9β position in the standard steroid numbering scheme.

Verbascoside Chemical compound

Verbascoside is a caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside in which the phenylpropanoid caffeic acid and the phenylethanoid hydroxytyrosol form an ester and an ether bond respectively, to the rhamnose part of a disaccharide, namely β-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-(4-O-caffeoyl)-glucopyranoside.

References

  1. Ito, N; Nihei, T; Kakuda, R; Yaoita, Y; Kikuchi, M (2006). "Five new phenylethanoid glycosides from the whole plants of Lamium purpureum L". Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 54 (12): 1705–8. doi: 10.1248/cpb.54.1705 . PMID   17139106.
  2. Martin, Frédéric; Hay, Anne-Emmanuelle; Corno, Laura; Gupta, Mahabir P.; Hostettmann, Kurt (May 2007). "Iridoid glycosides from the stems of Pithecoctenium crucigerum (Bignoniaceae)". Phytochemistry. 68 (9): 1307–11. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.02.002. PMID   17382978.