Phloeomana speirea

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Phloeomana speirea
Phloeomana speirea 183058.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Porotheleaceae
Genus: Phloeomana
Species:P. speirea
Binomial name
Phloeomana speirea
(Fr.) Redhead (2013)
Synonyms [1]
  • Agaricus speireusFr. (1815)
  • Agaricus camptophyllus Berk. (1836)
  • Omphalia speirea(Fr.) Quél. [as 'speireus'] (1872)
  • Mycena speirea(Fr.) Gillet (1874)
  • Omphalia camptophylla(Berk.) Sacc. (1887)
  • Omphalia tenuistipes J.E.Lange (1930)
  • Omphalia speirea var. tenuistipesJ.E.Lange (1936)
  • Hemimycena speirea(Fr.) Singer (1938)
  • Mycena speirea f. camptophylla(Berk.) Kühner (1938)
  • Marasmiellus camptophyllus(Berk.) Singer (1951) [1949]
  • Mycena camptophylla(Berk.) Singer (1962) [1961]
  • Mycena speirea var. camptophylla(Berk.) Courtec. (1986)

Phloeomana speirea, commonly known as the bark bonnet, [2] is a species of fungus in the family Porotheleaceae. It is a bark-inhabiting agaric that produces fuscous-colored to whitish mycenoid to omphalinoid fruit bodies in temperate forests. [3] The fungus was first described to science as Agaricus speireus by Elias Fries in 1815. [4] Scott Redhead transferred it to the new genus Phloeomana in 2013, in which it is the type species. [3]

Fungus Any member of the eukaryotic kingdom that includes organisms such as yeasts, molds and mushrooms

A fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, fungi, which is separate from the other eukaryotic life kingdoms of plants and animals.

Porotheleaceae family of fungi

The Porotheleaceae are a family of saprophytic, mainly wood-decay fungi in the order Agaricales that are primarily agarics, but also include cyphelloid and polyporoid members. The family has been informally cited in the literature as the 'hydropoid' clade. The type genus, Porotheleum, was placed in the phylogenetically defined clade in 2002 but the clade was more strongly supported in 2006 but without including Porotheleum. Its sister group is the Cyphellaceae, both in the 'marasmioid clade'. Some included taxa are cultivated by ants.

Bark (botany) external parenchymal tissue, located just below the epidermis in the primary structure of the stem

Bark is the outermost layers of stems and roots of woody plants. Plants with bark include trees, woody vines, and shrubs. Bark refers to all the tissues outside the vascular cambium and is a nontechnical term. It overlays the wood and consists of the inner bark and the outer bark. The inner bark, which in older stems is living tissue, includes the innermost area of the periderm. The outer bark in older stems includes the dead tissue on the surface of the stems, along with parts of the innermost periderm and all the tissues on the outer side of the periderm. The outer bark on trees which lies external to the last formed periderm is also called the rhytidome.

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Phloeomana is a bark-inhabiting agaric fungal genus that produces fuscous-colored to whitish mycenoid to omphalinoid fruit bodies in temperate forests. In addition to the type species Phloeomana speirea, 4 other species, P. alba, P. clavata, P. hiemalis and P. minutula, have been placed in the genus. The genus is characterized by nonamyloid smooth, hyaline (translucent) basidiospores and tissues, poorly to moderately differentiated cheilocystidia, diverticulate pileipellis hyphae and general smooth stipe hyphae with scattered caulocystidia. It is one of several mushroom genera formerly classified most recently in Mycena, Omphalina, Hydropus, or Marasmiellus. Phylogenetically, Phloeomana is distant from the Mycenaceae and is closest to a clade or group that includes other former members of Mycena now in Atheniella and Hemimycena clearly excluded from the Mycenaceae and tentatively classified in the Porotheleaceae.

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References

  1. "Synonymy: Phloeomana speirea (Fr.) Redhead". Index Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2013-02-02.
  2. Holden L. "English Names for fungi 2014". British Mycological Society. Retrieved 2016-01-24.
  3. 1 2 Redhead SA. (2013). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum. 15: 1–2.
  4. Fries EM. (1815). Observationes Mycologicae (in Latin). 1. Copenhagen: Gerh. Bonnier. p. 90.