Poetry reading

Last updated
Kyle Dacuyan reading at a poetry festival in Berlin Kyle Dacuyan at the Poesiefestival Berlin 2019 03.jpg
Kyle Dacuyan reading at a poetry festival in Berlin

A poetry reading is a public oral recitation or performance of poetry. Reading poetry aloud allows the reader to express their own experience through poetry, changing the poem according to their sensibilities. The reader uses pitch and stress, and pauses become apparent. A poetry reading typically takes place on a small stage in a café or bookstore where multiple poets recite their own work. A more prominent poet may be chosen as the "headliner" of such an event and famous poets may also take the stage at a bigger venue such as an amphitheater or college auditorium.

Contents

How early poems like the Illiad were transmitted to audiences is not clear. Modern poetry readings only became popular in the last half of the twentieth century, at least in the United States, with stars like Dylan Thomas and Robert Frost. Live poetry reading competitions, called poetry slams and beginning in the 1980s, also remain popular.

Background

Voice is an active, physical thing in oral poetry. It needs a speaker and a listener, a performer and an audience. It is a bodily creation that thrives in live connection. The voice is the mechanism by which a "poet's voice" comes alive. [1] Reciting a poem aloud the reciter comes to understand and then to be the 'voice' of the poem. [2] As poetry is a vocal art, the speaker brings their own experience to it, changing it according to their own sensibilities, [3] intonation, the matter of sound making sense; controlled through pitch and stress, poems are full of invisible italicized contrasts. [2] Reading poetry aloud also makes clear the "pause" as an element of poetry. [4]

Marian Palla reading his poetry at a festival in Luhacovice, Czechia Marian Palla v roce 2022.jpg
Marian Palla reading his poetry at a festival in Luhačovice, Czechia

"The hearing knowledge we bring to a line if poetry is a knowledge of patterns of speech we have known since we were infants." Every speaker intuitively course through manipulations of sounds, almost as if we sing to each other all day. [5] Even after three millennia of writing, poetry retains its appeal to the ear, the silent reading eye thereof, thereafter, hears what it is seeing. [2] Sound that was imagined through the eye gradually gave body to poems in performance. [6]

A public reading is typically given on a small stage in a café [7] or bookstore, although reading by prominent poets frequently are booked into larger venues such as amphitheaters and college auditoriums, 'to take poetry public'. [8]

Poetry readings almost always involve poets reading their own work or reciting it from memory but readings often involve several readers (often called "featured poets" or "featureds"), although one poet can be chosen as a "headliner".

History

Quite how early poems like the Illiad were first experienced by audiences remains not entirely clear. (But see rhapsode)

American poet Donald Hall described the increase in emphasis on public readings of poetry in the United States in a 2012 New Yorker magazine blog post where he recounted it a phenomenon that grew in the last half of the twentieth century. [6]

Hall, who speculates that the change may have been due to the star power of Dylan Thomas(1914-1953), [9] wrote, "It used to be that one poet in each generation performed poems in public. In the twenties, it was Vachel Lindsay, [10] who sometimes dropped to his knees in the middle of a poem. Then Robert Frost [11] took over, and made his living largely on the road." [6] Hall suggests that poetry readings have shifted the focus of poetry more towards sound, adding that "In concentrating on sound, as in anything else, there are things to beware of. Revising a poem one morning, I found myself knowing that a new phrase was repellent, but realized it would pass if I intoned it out loud. Watch out. A poem must work from the platform but it must also work on the page." [6] Afroamerican poet Maya Angelou was a friend of Malcolm X, and she performanced poetry reading. [12] Radical poet group The Last Poets performanced poetry reading with African conga, and Gil Scott-Heron play poetry reading with jazz music. Dub poet Linton Kwesi Johnson recorded poetry reggae album "Bass Culture" in 1980. [13]

Poetry slam

A poetry slam is a competitive format that has become increasingly popular, especially in the United States, since its inception in the 1980s. A "slam" is the art of poetry presented in public [14] as is the "open mic" event variant. [15]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Performance poetry</span> Poetry composed for live performance

Performance poetry is a broad term, encompassing a variety of styles and genres. In brief, it is poetry that is specifically composed for or during a performance before an audience. During the 1980s, the term came into popular usage to describe poetry written or composed for performance rather than print distribution, mostly open to improvisation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spoken word</span> Type of performance art

Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of recitation and word play, such as the performer's live intonation and voice inflection. Spoken word is a "catchall" term that includes any kind of poetry recited aloud, including poetry readings, poetry slams, jazz poetry, pianologues, musical readings, and hip hop music, and can include comedy routines and prose monologues. Unlike written poetry, the poetic text takes its quality less from the visual aesthetics on a page, but depends more on phonaesthetics, or the aesthetics of sound.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Pinsky</span> American poet, editor, literary critic, academic

Robert Pinsky is an American poet, essayist, literary critic, and translator. He was the first United States Poet Laureate to serve three terms. Recognized worldwide, Pinsky's work has earned numerous accolades. Pinsky is a professor of English and creative writing in the graduate writing program at Boston University. In 2015 the university named him a William Fairfield Warren Distinguished Professor, the highest honor bestowed on senior faculty members who are actively involved in teaching, research, scholarship, and university civic life.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linton Kwesi Johnson</span> Jamaican poet and activist (born 1952)

Linton Kwesi Johnson OD, also known as LKJ, is a Jamaica-born, British-based dub poet and activist. In 2002 he became the second living poet, and the only black one, to be published in the Penguin Modern Classics series. His performance poetry involves the recitation of his own verse in Jamaican patois over dub-reggae, usually written in collaboration with reggae producer/artist Dennis Bovell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dub poetry</span> Form of performance poetry

Dub poetry is a form of performance poetry of Jamaican origin, which evolved out of dub music in Kingston, Jamaica, in the 1970s, as well as in London, England, and Toronto, Canada, cities which have large populations of Caribbean immigrants. The term "Dub Poetry" was coined by Dub artist Linton Kwesi Johnson in 1976, and further popularized by artist Oku Onoura, which consists of spoken word over reggae rhythms, originally found on the backing or "version" side of a 12 or 7 inch vinyl record.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miguel Algarín</span> Puerto Rican poet (1941–2020)

Miguel Algarín Jr. was a Puerto Rican poet, writer, co-founder of the Nuyorican Poets Café, and a Rutgers University professor of English.

Edwin Torres is a Nuyorican performance poet. His work incorporates vocal and physical improvisation. He is the author of Ameriscopia, One Night: Poems for the Sleepy, Yes Thing No Thing, and several other poetic books. He also has produced recordings titled Oceano Rise, Novo, and Holy Kid. He is a member of the L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E school.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bob Holman</span> American poet and poetry activist

Bob Holman is an American poet and poetry activist, most closely identified with the oral tradition, the spoken word, and poetry slam. As a promoter of poetry in many media, Holman has spent the last four decades working variously as an author, editor, publisher, performer, emcee of live events, director of theatrical productions, producer of films and television programs, record label executive, university professor, and archivist. He was described by Henry Louis Gates Jr. in The New Yorker as "the postmodern promoter who has done more to bring poetry to cafes and bars than anyone since Ferlinghetti."

Performance poetry is poetry that is specifically composed for or during a performance before an audience. During the 1980s, the term came into popular usage to describe poetry written or composed for performance rather than print distribution, mostly open to improvisation. From that time performance poetry in Australia has found new venues, audiences and expressions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuyorican Poets Café</span> Forum for Puerto Rican culture in the Lower East Side of Manhattan

The Nuyorican Poets Cafe is a nonprofit organization in Alphabet City, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. It is a bastion of the Nuyorican art movement in New York City, and has become a forum for poetry, music, hip hop, video, visual arts, comedy, and theater. Several events during the PEN World Voices festival are hosted at the cafe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">On the Pulse of Morning</span> Poem by Maya Angelou

"On the Pulse of Morning" is a poem by writer and poet Maya Angelou that she read at the first inauguration of President Bill Clinton on January 20, 1993. With her public recitation, Angelou became the second poet in history to read a poem at a presidential inauguration, and the first African American and woman. Angelou's audio recording of the poem won the 1994 Grammy Award in the "Best Spoken Word" category, resulting in more fame and recognition for her previous works, and broadening her appeal.

<i>And Still I Rise</i> Poem by Maya Angelou

And Still I Rise is author Maya Angelou's third volume of poetry, published by Random House in 1978. It was published during one of the most productive periods in Angelou's career; she had written three autobiographies and published two other volumes of poetry up to that point. Angelou considered herself a poet and a playwright, but was best known for her seven autobiographies, especially her first, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, although her poetry has also been successful. She began, early in her writing career, alternating the publication of an autobiography and a volume of poetry.

<i>Wouldnt Take Nothing for My Journey Now</i> African-American writer and poet Maya Angelous first book of essays

Wouldn't Take Nothing for My Journey Now, published in 1993, is African-American writer and poet Maya Angelou's first book of essays. It was published shortly after she recited her poem "On the Pulse of Morning" at President Bill Clinton's 1993 inauguration. Journey consists of a series of short essays, often autobiographical, along with two poems, and has been called one of Angelou's "wisdom books". It is titled after a lyric in the African American spiritual, "On My Journey Now." At the time of its publication, Angelou was already well respected and popular as a writer and poet. Like her previous works, Journey received generally positive reviews.

"The Gift Outright" is a poem written by Robert Frost. Frost originally recited it at the College of William & Mary in 1941, but its most famous recitation occurred at the inauguration of John F. Kennedy in 1961.

The Poetry Archive is a free, web-based library formed to hold recordings of English language poets reading their own work. The Archive holds over 20000 poems and keeps the recordings safe and accessible so that current and future visitors can enjoy them. Each poet's work is surrounded by contextual information and biographies and has become a treasured resource for anyone looking for poetry.

<i>Letter to My Daughter</i> Book by Maya Angelou

Letter to My Daughter (2009) is the third book of essays by African-American writer and poet Maya Angelou. By the time it was published, Angelou had written two other books of essays, several volumes of poetry, and six autobiographies. She was recognized and highly respected as a spokesperson for black people and women, and had become "a major autobiographical voice of the time". Angelou had no daughters herself, but was inspired to write Letter as she was going through 20 years of notes and essay ideas, some of which were written for her friend Oprah Winfrey. Angelou wrote the book for the thousands of women who saw her as a mother figure, and to share the wisdom gained throughout her long life.

<i>Oh Pray My Wings Are Gonna Fit Me Well</i> Book by Maya Angelou

Oh Pray My Wings Are Gonna Fit Me Well is a book of poems by American author Maya Angelou, published by Random House in 1975. It is Angelou's second volume of poetry, written after her first two autobiographies and first volume of poetry were published. Angelou considers herself a poet and a playwright, but is best known for her seven autobiographies, especially her first, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, although her poetry has also been successful. She began, early in her writing career, alternating the publication of an autobiography and a volume of poetry. Although her poetry collections have been best-sellers, they have not received serious critical attention.

<i>The Complete Collected Poems of Maya Angelou</i> Book by Maya Angelou

The Complete Collected Poems of Maya Angelou is author and poet Maya Angelou's collection of poetry, published by Random House in 1994. It is Angelou's first collection of poetry published after she read her poem "On the Pulse of Morning" at President Bill Clinton's inauguration in 1993. It contains her previous five books of poetry, published between 1971—1990. Her prose works have been more successful than her poetry, which has received little serious attention by critics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Poetry of Maya Angelou</span> Maya Angelous poetic works

Maya Angelou, an African-American writer who is best known for her seven autobiographies, was also a prolific and successful poet. She has been called "the black woman's poet laureate", and her poems have been called the anthems of African Americans. Angelou studied and began writing poetry at a young age, and used poetry and other great literature to cope with trauma, as she described in her first and most well-known autobiography, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. She became a poet after a series of occupations as a young adult, including as a cast member of a European tour of Porgy and Bess, and a performer of calypso music in nightclubs in the 1950s. Many of the songs she wrote during that period later found their way to her later poetry collections. She eventually gave up performing for a writing career.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Hill We Climb</span> Poem by Amanda Gorman

"The Hill We Climb" is a spoken word poem written by American poet Amanda Gorman and recited by her at the inauguration of Joe Biden in Washington, D.C., on January 20, 2021. The poem was written in the weeks following the 2020 United States presidential election, with significant passages written on the night of January 6, 2021, in response to the storming of the United States Capitol. Gorman was twenty-two years old when she recited the poem, making her the youngest inaugural poet ever.

References

  1. Hirsch, Edward (2014). Voice – A Poet's Glossary. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN   9780151011957.
  2. 1 2 3 Hollander, John (1996). Committed to Memory. New York: Riverhead Books. ISBN   9781885983152.
  3. Pinsky, Robert (1995). "The Art of Poetry (Interview with Downing and Kunitz)".{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  4. Pinsky, Robert (April 27, 2009). "Reading Aloud". New Yorker.
  5. Pinsky, Robert (1998). The 'Sounds of Poetry' . New York: Farrer Strauss & Giroux. ISBN   0374266956.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Hall, Donald (October 26, 2012). "Thank You Thank You". New Yorker. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
  7. 'The Poetry Place' at Covent Garden London. "The Poetry Cafe". The Poetry Society.
  8. "Words Alive: Taking Poetry Public".
  9. Dylan Thomas: Rock 'n' roll poet bbc.com Retrieved 14 February 2024
  10. History Repeats Itself Forbes Retrieved 14 February 2024
  11. Robert Frost Campuspress.yale.edu Retrieved 16 February 2024
  12. Maya Angelou achievement.org Retrieved 12 February 2024
  13. Linton Kwesi Johnson Retrieved 17 February 2024
  14. "Brief Guide to Slam Poetry". New York: American Academy of American Poets. May 29, 2004.
  15. Holman, Bob. "Open Mic: The Definition". About.com. New York. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-02-24.