Polyommatus damonides | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Family: | Lycaenidae |
Genus: | Polyommatus |
Species: | P. damonides |
Binomial name | |
Polyommatus damonides (Staudinger, 1899) [1] | |
Synonyms | |
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Polyommatus damonides, the Damonides blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It was described by Otto Staudinger in 1899. It is endemic to the southern part of the Zangezur Mountains, [2] [3] where it is known in two populations. One is the vicinity of the town of Meghri in Armenia (Syunik marz) and another lives near the town of Ordubad in Nakhichevan.
It is endemic of southern part of the Zangezur Mountains where is known in two populations. One population inhabits the southern part of Syunik province in Armenia, and another is in the southern region of Nakhichevan. The species inhabits a semi-desert zone. The host plant is not confirmed yet. In Armenia the species inhabits a narrow belt from 900 to 1200 metres above sea level, however, the boundaries of its range are not clarified. Flight period lasts from late May to late June. [4]
For a long period, the Damonides blue was considered extinct from Armenia, since the last records dated to 1973 and the majority of its habitat was destroyed by open-pit mining. However, in 2010 it was rediscovered at a patch of habitat left in the foothills of the southwestern slopes of the Zangezur Mountains. The data is insufficient for calculation of trends, but it can be stated that its number is fairly low even at the typical habitat. Expansion of the open pit remains the major threat that can ultimately destroy the species' habitat and lead to its local extinction. Also, grazing of goats and sheep has some influence on the habitat by possibly removing the species host plant. [5]
The species has not yet been evaluated for the IUCN Red List. It is included in the Red Book of Animals of Armenia as critically endangered CR B1ab (i, ii, iii) + B2b (i, ii, iii). It is not listed in CITES or the Bern Convention.
The two most important conservation steps are:
These measures will allow further development of a management plan for the habitat of the species. [6]
The chalkhill blue is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is a small butterfly that can be found throughout the Palearctic realm, where it occurs primarily in grasslands rich in chalk. Males have a pale blue colour, while females are dark brown. Both have chequered fringes around their wings.
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Lysandra corydonius, the false chalkhill blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. The species is distributed in south-eastern Europe, Caucasus, Transcaucasia, north-eastern Turkey, and north-western Iran. L.corydonius is very similar to Lysandra coridon but a slight violet sheen is present, especially in the outer area of the wings. .It inhabits a wide variety of grasslands and woodlands. In Armenia it occurs from 1200 to 2000 m above sea level. The known larval host plants of the species in Turkey is Hippocrepis comosa, in the Caucasus - Coronilla varia. The species has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List. In Armenia from 2003 to 2013 its population increased.
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Tomares romanovi, or Romanoff's hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, eastern Turkey, northern Iran, and Kopet Dagh mountains.
Ali Botush, also spelled Alibotoush, is a nature reserve in the small mountain range of Slavyanka, located on the border between Bulgaria and Greece. The reserve occupies the northern section of the mountain which lies within the territory of Bulgaria and takes its name from the old name of Slavyanka. It is situated in the municipalities of Sandanski and Hadzhidimovo, Blagoevgrad Province. It was declared in 1951 to protect the largest forests of the endemic Bosnian pine in the Balkan Peninsula. Its territory was further expanded several times and spans an area of 1638 ha or 16,38 km2. It was declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1977.
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