Poppit is a small, dispersed settlement which lies on the southern side of the estuary of the River Teifi, near Cardigan, in northern Pembrokeshire, Wales. The beach itself was formed in 1656 when Lady Williams and her faithful knight Beck decided to use the beach as a fishing and leisure location. The Battle of Poppit Sands in 1673 was one by Lady Williams after 3 days of battling with the French. Today, the majority of this history is forgotten. However, a venture into one of Poppit's local walking routes will lead you to a statue of Beck, who died in honour.
It is primarily known for its popular sandy beach, [1] called Poppit Sands (Welsh : Traeth Poppit) which adjoins St Dogmaels beach at its eastern estuary end. [2] The beach offers views across the estuary and bay towards Gwbert and Cardigan Island, and the nearest village is St Dogmaels, 1+1⁄2 miles away.
The beach has Blue Flag status and lifeboat and lifeguard cover.
Backed by low dunes, the top of the beach comprises about 80m of dry, very loose sand, making it very popular with families. Lower down it is hard-packed. The beach slopes gently, and therefore the sea is shallow for quite a long way out. Even at high tide there is plenty of soft sand exposed.
On the eastern side of the dunes, erosion has formed sand cliffs over 4 metres (13 feet) high. New dunes are now building up close to the access boardwalk.
When the tide is fully out, the flats at the far south-eastern end (known as Cardigan Bar) extend for nearly a mile and almost reach Gwbert on the other side. [3] However, due to the estuary there are unpredictable currents at this end of the beach.
At the north-western end of the beach there are rock pools which support a myriad of sea-life.
The dunes at Poppit Sands are important for wildlife, especially unusual plants such as the bee orchid. National Park staff manage over 20 hectares (50 acres) of dune, marsh and grazing land here, and one of its projects is to turn the willow scrub behind the dunes back to a reed bed. [4]
In the summer months it is often possible to observe bottlenose dolphins, porpoises and Atlantic grey seals in this part of Cardigan Bay. [5] Occasional boat trips around the bay, with wildlife spotting their main aim, leave from Poppit Sands during the summer months. [6]
Archaeologists studying aerial photographs of the coast have discovered a large V-shaped fish trap in the sea off the Poppit coast. Some 280 yards (260 m) long, and comprising a wall 3 feet (0.91 m) wide, it now lies totally submerged (under some 12 feet (3.7 m) of water), even at low tide. Estimated to be some 1,000 years old, in those days it would have appeared at low tide, acting as a shallow rock pool, trapping fish behind the walls as the tide flowed out. At that time the sea level was lower and the entrance to the Teifi Estuary was nearer the Poppit side. [7]
Further research into the fish-trap, the rocks of which are now covered in worms, algae and sea anemones, and only protrude by some 12 inches (300 mm) above the sea-bed, is currently being undertaken by Pembrokeshire College and the Dyfed Archaeological Trust. [8]
The rocks of the area are mostly mudstone, deposited in a deep ocean basin some 450 million years ago. Very few fossils are found in the rocks because the sediments were deposited in such deep water. Associated locally with the mudstone are beds of hard sandstone (turbidites); at Poppit Sands these beds are up to a metre or two thick. Deposited as muds and sands on the ocean floor, they were subsequently squeezed and folded by major earth movements, which changed the mudstones into slates. Excellent examples of these folded rocks can be seen at the western end of Poppit Sands. [9]
The last (Eemian) interglacial period, which lasted for some 30,000 years, is sometimes termed the "Poppit Interglacial", the name deriving from Poppit Sands. Here there is a perfectly exposed beach, where it rests upon a classic example of a raised beach platform just above the high-water mark. [10] [11]
As with the rest of the British Isles, Poppit Sands experiences a maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters. The nearest official Met Office weather station for which online records are available is at Aberporth, [12] which is 6.5 miles (10.7 km) ENE of Poppit Sands, and has a similar coastal aspect.
Typically, less than 3 days [13] of the year will reach 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or above, the warmest of which should rise to 26.8 °C (80.2 °F) [14] - The highest temperature recorded was 32.7 °C (90.9 °F), during July 2006. [15] On average 18.3 nights will report air frost and the coldest night of the year should fall to −4.5 °C (23.9 °F). [16] The lowest recorded temperature was −9.9 °C (14.2 °F), during January 1963. [17]
Rainfall averages around 870mm a year, with at least 1mm falling on 143.5 days.
Climate data for Aberporth Weather Station (6.5 Miles ENE of Poppit Sands) at 133m asl, 1971-2000, Extremes 1960-present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 13.4 (56.1) | 15.2 (59.4) | 21.0 (69.8) | 25.6 (78.1) | 26.6 (79.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 32.7 (90.9) | 31.5 (88.7) | 25.2 (77.4) | 22.0 (71.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 14.1 (57.4) | 32.7 (90.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.3 (45.1) | 7.3 (45.1) | 8.7 (47.7) | 10.6 (51.1) | 13.7 (56.7) | 15.9 (60.6) | 18.0 (64.4) | 18.1 (64.6) | 16.1 (61.0) | 13.2 (55.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 8.3 (46.9) | 12.3 (54.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.9 (37.2) | 2.6 (36.7) | 3.8 (38.8) | 4.9 (40.8) | 7.5 (45.5) | 10.0 (50.0) | 12.2 (54.0) | 12.3 (54.1) | 10.7 (51.3) | 8.4 (47.1) | 5.6 (42.1) | 3.9 (39.0) | 7.1 (44.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | −9.9 (14.2) | −7.5 (18.5) | −6.6 (20.1) | −2.0 (28.4) | 0.1 (32.2) | 1.7 (35.1) | 5.6 (42.1) | 5.5 (41.9) | 3.3 (37.9) | −0.9 (30.4) | −5.0 (23.0) | −6.0 (21.2) | −9.9 (14.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 88.5 (3.48) | 62.7 (2.47) | 63.7 (2.51) | 50.7 (2.00) | 48.2 (1.90) | 61.1 (2.41) | 49.2 (1.94) | 68.2 (2.69) | 75.7 (2.98) | 104.2 (4.10) | 98.3 (3.87) | 99.2 (3.91) | 870.2 (34.26) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 54.6 | 74.0 | 109.7 | 168.6 | 213.6 | 190.5 | 198.7 | 184.8 | 141.0 | 100.1 | 63.3 | 45.6 | 1,544.5 |
Source: Met Office [18] |
A detailed daily weather forecast for the area, including sea temperature, can be found here. [19]
The area is a gathering spot for surfers and boogie-boarders. As such, daily surf reports are issued. [20] [21] [22] The hard sand below the high tide line also attracts power-kiting, land-boarding and buggying.
The beach is dog-friendly. Although some restrictions apply in the summer months, there is nevertheless a large area set aside for dog-walkers. The beach and the estuary flats are popular with dog-walkers all year round.
For fishermen the beach offers good catches of flounder, cod and whiting in winter, and mullet can be caught near the river mouth. Salmon and sea trout run the river from March to October (an Environment Agency rod licence is necessary if trying for sea trout on the incoming tide). [23]
Local photographer Michael Jackson spent a considerable amount of time between 2007 and 2012 photographing Poppit Sands beach, from above and at dusk. His work won numerous awards, including three Hasselblad Masters finalist places (in 2008, 2009 and 2010). The work has been exhibited in the UK, Hong Kong, Copenhagen and New York, [24] and has also been published in a book entitled Poppit Sands Moonscapes. [25]
Up until 2012 the beach carried Blue Flag status, [26] but following a wet year, which resulted in more naturally occurring bacteria present, and a general tightening of criteria, it lost this status in 2013. [27] It regained its Blue Flag status in 2016 and retained it in 2017 and 2018. [28] It is also a Seaside Award (Resort) winner. [29]
Lifeguards patrol the beach from late June to early September, from 10.00 - 6.00 each day, and bathing is safe within the patrolled area, marked by flags. [30]
Water users are advised not to swim in the estuary to the south due to fast currents, but rather to stay at the main beach. [31]
There is a Poppit Sands Surf Lifesaving Club. [32] In June 2011 it was announced that the club had been awarded £35,980 from the Big Lottery Fund, for use on new equipment and to provide additional opportunities for recruiting new members. [33]
The first RNLI lifeboat station at Poppit Sands was opened in 1971. The original Cardigan lifeboat station was built in 1849 (on the south side of the River Teifi below Penrhyn Castle) [34] after the loss of the crew from the brig Agnes Lee. This station was taken over by the RNLI the following year. In 1876 a replacement boathouse with slipway was built, the remains of which can be seen down the estuary at Black Rocks, but this was abandoned in 1932, leaving the nearest other stations at Fishguard and Aberystwyth. The subsequent popularity of this area, with increased leisure incidents and accidents, led to the decision to construct a station on the present site. [35]
In 1987 a new boathouse, built for the new C class lifeboat, was officially opened. Then in 1998 a new double boathouse was completed for a B class and D class lifeboats, for launching vehicles, and it also provided improved crew facilities. Consequently, the station today houses two inshore lifeboats, which operate from the beach. [34]
The station is open to the public on Wednesdays (18:00-20:00) and Sundays (10:00-12:00), [36] and also houses an RNLI shop, open throughout the year, volunteers permitting.
Poppit Sands lies at the northern end of the Pembrokeshire Coast Path, a 186 mile long-distance walk, now part of the Wales Coast Path. [37] There is a large pay car-park, with adjacent public toilets. Over the winter and spring of 2012/13 the car park was renovated, and now provides marked bays for 100 cars, with an improved bus-turning area.
The cafe and shop, located by the car park, has also been recently refurbished, and additionally sells beach items like beach balls, inflatables, buckets and spades, and a limited range of body boards and wetsuits. [38]
The main beach is accessed from a boardwalk, and is suitable for disabled access.
Poppit Sands gives its name to "The Poppit Rocket", a local bus service which largely follows the coast between Cardigan and Fishguard, and which calls at the beach here. [39]
Poppit Sands Youth Hostel, a former inn, is up the lane towards Cemaes Head, and has views over the estuary and bay. [40]
Camping is no longer available at Poppit Sands. However 500m up from the youth hostel is Alltycoed Campsite [41]
The nearest pub/hotel is the Webley Hotel, located on the road between Poppit Sands car park and the village of St. Dogmaels. [42]
Despite the wealth of travel literature and gazetteers which prevailed in the 19th century, and which include information on nearby Cardigan, the growing resort of Gwbert (across the estuary), and the Abbey at St. Dogmaels, they fail to record any beach here, and it seems it did not become known as a resort until later in the 20th century.
The earliest published reference to the name "Poppit" appears to be in Archaeologia Cambrensis by W. Pickering, 1902, where there is a reference to "the main road to Poppit".
The name "Poppit", however, can be traced back to the 16th century, and is found in documents relating to the Dissolution of the Monasteries, in particular with regard to lands owned by nearby St. Dogmael's Abbey. [43] A document of 1537 records :
A later Patent Roll of 1544 records :
In "The History of St. Dogmaels Abbey", by Emily M. Pritchard, 1907, it states :
On 19th century maps the north-western headland of Trwyn Careg-ddu is named, but not until the 1930s did the name "Poppit Sands" first appear on Ordnance survey maps. The increase in small properties in the area from the 1970s onwards has led to the designation of "Poppit" as an area and settlement in its own right, although this name is still not in fact used on O.S. maps. Cardigan Bar, exposed at low tide, was marked on maps before any usage of the name "Poppit Sands", and is still used today.
The Pembrokeshire Coast Path, often called the Pembrokeshire Coastal Path, is a designated National Trail in Pembrokeshire, southwest Wales. Established in 1970, it is a 186-mile (299 km) long-distance walking route, mostly at cliff-top level, with a total of 35,000 feet (11,000 m) of ascent and descent. At its highest point – Pen yr afr, on Cemaes Head – it reaches a height of 574 feet (175 m), and at its lowest point – Sandy Haven crossing, near Milford Haven – it is just 6 feet (2 m) above low water. Whilst most of the coastline faces west, it offers – at varying points – coastal views in every direction of the compass.
Pembrokeshire is a county in the south-west of Wales. It is bordered by Carmarthenshire to the east, Ceredigion to the northeast, and otherwise by the sea. Haverfordwest is the largest town and administrative headquarters of Pembrokeshire County Council.
Ceredigion ( ), historically Cardiganshire, is a county in the west of Wales. It borders Gwynedd across the Dyfi estuary to the north, Powys to the east, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire to the south, and the Irish Sea to the west. Aberystwyth is the largest settlement and, together with Aberaeron, is an administrative centre of Ceredigion County Council.
The Bristol Channel is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales and South West England. It extends from the smaller Severn Estuary of the River Severn to the North Atlantic Ocean. It takes its name from the English city and port of Bristol.
Pembrokeshire Coast National Park is a national park along the Pembrokeshire coast in west Wales.
Cardigan is a town and community in the county of Ceredigion, Wales. Positioned on the tidal reach of the River Teifi at the point where Ceredigion meets Pembrokeshire, Cardigan was the county town of the historic county of Cardiganshire. Cardigan is the second-largest town in Ceredigion. The largest town, Aberystwyth, is one of the two administrative centres; the other is Aberaeron.
The River Teifi in Wales forms the boundary for most of its length between the counties of Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire, and for the final 3 miles (4.8 km) of its total length of 76 miles (122 km), the boundary between Ceredigion and Pembrokeshire. Its estuary is northwest of Cardigan, known in Welsh as Aberteifi, meaning 'mouth of the Teifi'. Teifi has formerly been anglicised as "Tivy".
The Abbey of St Mary is Grade I listed ruined abbey in St Dogmaels in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the banks of the River Teifi and close to Cardigan and Poppit Sands.
St Dogmaels is a village, parish and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the estuary of the River Teifi, a mile downstream from the town of Cardigan in neighbouring Ceredigion. A little to the north of the village, further along the estuary, lies Poppit Sands beach. The parish includes the small settlement of Cippyn, south of Cemaes Head.
Ynyslas is a small village about 1.5 miles north of Borth and 8 miles north of Aberystwyth, within the county of Ceredigion, Wales. It is sandwiched between a long sandy beach in Cardigan Bay and the beach in the Dyfi Estuary. The area between the sea and the estuary beach is made up of the Ynyslas Sand Dunes which are part of the Dyfi National Nature Reserve and home to many rare plants and animals. The sands of the estuary beach can be driven onto and parked upon. The nature reserve has a visitor centre with toilets and a small shop. At the start of some BBC 1 programmes, it shows people flying kites on the sand dunes, this was filmed at Ynyslas.
Clogherhead is a fishing village in County Louth, Ireland. Located in a natural bay on the east coast it is bordered by the villages of Annagassan to the north and Termonfeckin to the south. It has a population of 2,145 according to the 2016 census. It is located in the townlands of Clogher and Callystown, about 12 km (7 mi) northeast of Drogheda. As a seaside village, its main industries are fishing and farming, and there has been an RNLI lifeboat stationed in the village for over 100 years.
Gwbert, also known as Gwbert-on-Sea, is a cliff-top coastal village in Y Ferwig community, Ceredigion, Wales. It lies at the most southerly coastal point of Ceredigion, on the eastern shore of the Teifi estuary, from where there are views westwards over Cardigan Bay, and south-westwards to Poppit Sands and the headland of Cemaes Head, in neighbouring Pembrokeshire. It is reached by the B4548 road from the town of Cardigan, 2.8 miles (4.5 km) away.
The Ceredigion Coast Path is a waymarked long distance footpath in the United Kingdom, on the coast of Ceredigion, Wales. It is 65 miles (105 km) in length, running along the coast of Cardigan Bay from Cardigan (52.0810°N 4.6608°W) to Ynyslas (52.5271°N 4.0495°W).
The Cardigan transmitting station is a broadcasting and telecommunications facility located at Penwaun in Pembrokeshire, Wales, about 3 km to the south west of the town of Cardigan, in neighbouring Ceredigion. It was originally built by the BBC, entering service in 1967 acting as a relay transmitter for the now-defunct 405-line VHF television system.
The St Dogmaels television relay station is a broadcasting and telecommunications facility located just above the village of St Dogmaels in Pembrokeshire, Wales, about 2 km to the south west of the town of Cardigan, in neighbouring Ceredigion(grid reference SN165452). It was originally built by the IBA as a 625-line analogue UHF television relay, entering service in early 1978. Since then it has been converted to transmit the main three multiplexes of the DVB-T digital television system.
Cardigan Lifeboat Station, at Poppit Sands, North Pembrokeshire, near Cardigan, Ceredigion, Wales, is a Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) lifeboat station opened in 1849. The station closed in 1932 but reopened in 1971 as an inshore lifeboat station.
Cemaes Head is a headland and nature reserve in north Pembrokeshire. It lies in the community of St Dogmaels, within the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. To the west and north it overlooks Cardigan Bay, and to the east Cardigan Island and the estuary of the River Teifi.
Saint Dogmael was a 6th-century Welsh monk and preacher who is considered a saint. His feast day is 14 June.
Newport Bay is a bay on a section of the north Pembrokeshire coast, Wales, which is within the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. The bay is one of many in the much larger Cardigan Bay, and it stretches from Dinas Island to the headland of Pen-y-bâl, two miles to the east. It is overlooked by the town of Newport and the River Nevern flows into the bay.
The coastline of Wales extends from the English border at Chepstow westwards to Pembrokeshire then north to Anglesey and back eastwards to the English border once again near Flint. Its character is determined by multiple factors, including the local geology and geological processes active during and subsequent to the last ice age, its relative exposure to or shelter from waves, tidal variation and the history of human settlement and development which varies considerably from one place to another. The majority of the coast east of Cardiff in the south, and of Llandudno in the north, is flat whilst that to the west is more typically backed by cliffs. The cliffs are a mix of sandstones, shales and limestones, the erosion of which provides material for beach deposits. Of the twenty-two principal areas which deliver local government in Wales, sixteen have a coastline, though that of Powys consists only of a short section of tidal river some distance from the open sea. Its length has been estimated at 1,680 miles (2,700 km).