These organizations for post-secondary education have a common purpose and mission for advocacy in numerous areas of both institutional management and the general public interest. The organizations have specific purpose for issues from faculty unionization to public policy research and service to institutions. Most are focused on the organization and governance of higher and tertiary education, but some are involved in service and research at all levels of education.
Faculty Union
Governance, Leadership, and Management Legal
| Policy Research
Research (General) | Service/advocacy
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The American Association of University Professors (AAUP) states purpose “to define fundamental professional values and standards for higher education, and to ensure higher education's contribution to the common good” (AAUP, 2006). Established in 1915, the organization began at a time when there were concerns over academic freedom. Also an era of laissez-faire economics, there was increased need for labor unionizing. University professors organized themselves to ensure their rights and freedoms in academic scholarship, ironically catalyst from a debate over economics. While the organization is best known for the protection of academic freedom, the AAUP also promotes shared democratic governance for postsecondary education in the United States.
The American Federation of Teachers (AFT) was founded in 1916 to promote the professional interests of teachers, including their economic and social interests through affiliation with international unionization. The organization hosts the Quality Education Standards in Teaching (QuEST) conference. Their site includes numerous reports and publications, a legislative action center as well as other important information.
The National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions (NCSCBHEP) was established in 1972. [1] The center is supported by the Hunter College at the City University of New York. The NCSCBHEP is “an impartial and non-profit educational institution and serves as a clearinghouse forum for those engaged in the study and practice of collective bargaining” (NCSCBHEP, 2006). The center's services include an annual conference, workshops and publications. Publications from the NCSCBHEP include texts on the proceedings of the annual conference and commentary from the national executive, a directory of statistical analysis on collective bargaining, a bibliography of literature reviews, and monographs contributed by scholars.
The National Education Association (NEA) offers resources and tools for research in education. The NEA Research Center provides detailed studies on issues related to governance in Higher Education. The research includes a variety of topics from the changing trends in European Higher Education and its potential effects for Europe and the United States to information on Community College faculty. The NEA also features a number of publications, including Update, The Almanac, Thought and Action, Advocate Online (each of which are available for visitors online), and several publications focused on academic justice and excellence.
The Association of Community College Trustees (ACCT) notes that it is the only national association organized specifically to meet the needs of community college governing boards in the United States. The organization represents more than 6,500 elected and appointed trustees who govern over 1,200 community, technical and junior colleges in the United States. The organization hosts the annual National Community College Leadership Congress and the National Community College Legislative Summit delivered by experts on governance and public policy. The association hosts governance leadership institutes and provides other board leadership services for community college trustees, as well as advocates for community colleges at the federal level in Washington, D.C. ACCT's is the publisher of numerous books and booklets to promote effective community college governance, all of which are available for purchase online. Retrieved June 1, 2009, http://www.acct.org/resources/publications/bookstore.php
The Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges (AGB) notes that it is the only national association organized to meet the needs of governing boards for higher education in the United States. The organization serves the trustees and regents, professional staff members, senior level administrators and associated CEOs of university governing boards with purpose to “foster cooperation among all education stakeholders” (AGB, 2006). The organization hosts conferences and workshops delivered by expert practitioners in higher education. The association offers consulting and benchmarking services. The AGB is also the host of the Zwingle Library and Resource Center and the Richard T. Ingram Center for Public Trusteeship and Governance. Their site features numerous publications available for purchase online. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://www.atlanta101.com/resources/national/agbuc.asp
Established in 1954, the mission of the State of Higher Education Executive Offices (SHEEO) is to assist in sustaining educational systems, emphasize state planning, promote financing interests, cooperation with state agencies, formulate recommendations for relationships between institutions, government and private organizations, and encourage studies, planning and coordination. The office accomplishes these goals through service to statewide governing and coordinating boards. The site offers news and resources with numerous links providing information on a number of issues in higher education and SHEEO projects. A link for national data resources offers links to outside sources on national data, which is available to visitors online. The level of the technical information available through these links is clearly beneficial to those pursuing research in the area. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://www.sheeo.org/
The Campus Legal Information Clearinghouse (CLIC) is a legal resource in cooperation between the American Council on Education (ACE) and The Catholic University of America's Office of General Counsel. The website provides information and materials on legal compliance in higher education. The organization states its mission “to build a freely available, web based collection of user-friendly compliance materials (such as Frequently Asked Questions, plain English explanations of the law, sample publications, videos and web tutorials from other institutions) to help all American college and university campuses enhance compliance with most major federal regulations applicable to higher education institutions” (CLIC, 2006). The website notes that with a growing number of federal regulations in higher education, legal issues can become complicated, believing the information on the site is a step toward collaborative problem solving. The site provides court case rulings on specific topics of interest, a calendar for legally required reports to meet federal legal compliance, and summary of laws governing higher education. Retrieved December 10, 2006, http://counsel.cua.edu/
The purpose of the National Association of College and University Attorneys (NACUA) is to educate and assist administrators and attorneys of legal issues in higher education. The association was founded in the 1960s by a group of legal specialists that provided counsel to colleges and universities (the first group of attorneys of such kind in the United States). The website states its mission “to advance the effective practice of higher education attorneys for the benefit of the colleges and universities they serve” (NACUA, 2006). The site also states its core values as “committed to practicing and promoting the core values of quality, service, civility, collegiality, diversity, inclusiveness and respect” (NACUA, 2006). The NACUA offers news from its own bulletin, service for legal reference, educational programs (workshops, seminars and learning materials), and publications related to legal issues in higher education. The publications consist of pamphlets, brochures, a scholarly journal, and a number of academic books that are available for mail order and purchase online. Retrieved December 10, 2006, http://www.nacua.org/
The Center for the Study of Higher Education is part of the College of Education at Penn State. Established in 1969, the center claims to be one of the first research centers established for the study of public policy for higher education. The center focuses on the four general areas: teaching and learning, minority access and retention, faculty in higher education, organization and administration. Their mission is to research a broad range of challenges to higher education, provide credibility through depth, collaboration to enrich research, and improve higher education policy and practice. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://www.ed.psu.edu/cshe/index.html
The Educational Policy Institute is a non-profit, non-partisan research organization dedicated to the study of educational opportunity. Based in Virginia Beach, Virginia, EPI also has offices in Toronto, Canada, and Melbourne, Australia. EPI conducts policy analysis, program evaluation, and professional development in the K-12, postsecondary, and workforce areas. EPI's website provides free resources for professionals, and also sponsors www.studentretention.org, a web portal for those interested in student retention in higher education. EPI conducts several conferences and workshops in the US, Canada and abroad each year. http://www.educationalpolicy.org/
The Institute for Higher Education Policy (IHEP) is an independent, nonprofit organization that is dedicated to access and success in postsecondary education around the world. Established in 1993, the Washington, D.C.-based organization uses unique research and innovative programs to inform key decision makers who shape public policy and support economic and social development. IHEP's Web site, www.ihep.org, features an expansive collection of higher education information available free of charge and provides access to some of the most respected professionals in the fields of public policy and research. http://www.ihep.org/
The Center for Community College Policy aims to meet the needs of state policymakers by conducting research, publishing and disseminating papers, organizing workshops, providing technical assistance and a web database. The center emphasizes the importance of community colleges while noting the myriad of recent challenges to two-year institutions. Their site features publications that are available for visitors online and numerous outside links. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://www.communitycollegepolicy.org/default.asp
The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education is an independent, nonpartisan and nonprofit organization with aims to promote public policies “that enhance Americans' opportunities to pursue and achieve high-quality education and training beyond high school” (NCPPHE, 2006). Established in 1998, the center is a resource for policy development and as a catalyst for improving public policy in both K-Twelve and postsecondary education. In addition to conducting independent research, the national center produces performance results to communicate to key leaders and the general public its mission to be a catalyst to improving policy. The site offers news, reports, and a link for its publication Cross Talk [usurped] (which is available to the site visitors online). The site also offers a link to numerous other sites related to education. Retrieved December 3, 2006, [usurped] http://www.highereducation.org/
The Policy Center on the First Year of College was established in 1999. The policy center states its mission for “the improvement of the beginning college experience through enhanced learning, success, and retention of new students” (Policy Center, 2006). The center maintains that the first year of postsecondary learning is foundational for student success in higher education. The site offers a number of links on policy initiatives. The Foundations of Excellence project is the “signature” project of the policy center, which is a guided self-study strategy for improving and enhancing the student's first year of study. The center features surveys and publications available online to visitors. Their site is a valuable for finding data and research in the area. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://www.firstyear.org/
The Pullias Center for Higher Education is located at the University of Southern California Rossier School of Education. The center brings “a multidisciplinary perspective to complex social, political, and economic issues in higher education” (Pullias, 2012). Research at the center is characterized as theory informed with “real-world applicability.” The center is focused on improving urban higher education, strengthening partnerships with schools, and understanding international education. A link for cultural literacy offers information on outside journals and publications. Research is available to visitors at the website with links to books written by center members available at Amazon.com. Retrieved June 21, 2017, http://pullias.usc.edu
The Higher Education Research Institute is an organization at the University of California-based within the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies. The institute serves as a center for interdisciplinary research in postsecondary education. Research and publications are available online and for purchase. The institute does provide detailed summaries of the research that is available for purchase. The site also features news and press releases for research underway and completed. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/heri/KFHET_monographs.html
Through the U.S. Department of Education, the National Center of Education Statistics (NCES) provides statistics for both K-Twelve and Higher Education. The site offers no information on its history, mission, etc. The site includes links to all sorts of information with data tools, surveys and research, search options, fast facts on education as well as a site for kids. Generally, the data available through does not offer detail on method. Numerous publications are available to visitors online. The site basically offers “consumer-oriented” information and data for researchers. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://nces.ed.gov/
Created in 1965, the Education Commission of the States is an interstate organization for information exchange to improve public education. The website offers a wide range of resources from publications to general news, projects and institutes. The organization has collaborated with the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education and the National Center for Higher Education Management systems to create the National Collaborative for Postsecondary Education Policy. The collaborative focuses on meeting the needs of the students of home states. Findings from the collaboration emphasize state leadership and citizen groups to inform public opinion. Retrieved December 3, 2006, http://www.ecs.org/
The Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (WICHE) was created in 1951 and is an interstate organization that promote collaboration between state governments and also provides data and policy analysis for educators, policymakers and governors of 15 states in the Western part of the United States.
The United Nations division for education, science and culture (UNESCO) provides information on reforming higher education, believing that higher and tertiary education internationally will confront “formidable challenges and must proceed to the most radical change and renewal” (UNESCO 2007). The organization states its mission and strategy to strengthen the national capacities for improving higher education, providing global leadership and teacher training, developing policy to respond to the challenges of globalization through knowledge sharing, and assisting member states for sustainable development. UNESCO thus provides various resources on higher education, including links to conference information, news, publications available online, and student tools. Their communities for action represent their major initiatives in higher education, which includes global forums for research and knowledge sharing , quality assurance and accreditation , collective consultation in higher education , higher education for all , their programs for university networking and sustainable development . Retrieved March 23, 2007, http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php-URL_ID=40215&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
The Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) was legislation signed into United States law on November 8, 1965, as part of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society domestic agenda. Johnson chose Texas State University, his alma mater, as the signing site. The law was intended "to strengthen the educational resources of our colleges and universities and to provide financial assistance for students in postsecondary and higher education". It increased federal money given to universities, created scholarships, gave low-interest loans for students, and established a National Teachers Corps. The "financial assistance for students" is covered in Title IV of the HEA.
The formation of a Commission on the Future of Higher Education, also known as the Spellings Commission, was announced on September 19, 2005, by U.S. Secretary of Education Margaret Spellings. The nineteen-member commission was charged with recommending a national strategy for reforming post-secondary education, with a particular focus on how well colleges and universities are preparing students for the 21st-century workplace, as well as a secondary focus on how well high schools are preparing the students for post-secondary education. In the report, released on September 26, 2006, the Commission focuses on four key areas: access, affordability, the standards of quality in instruction, and the accountability of institutions of higher learning to their constituencies. After the report's publication, implementation of its recommendations was the responsibility of U.S. Under Secretary of Education, Sara Martinez Tucker.
Governance in higher education is the means by which institutions for higher education are formally organized and managed. Simply, university governance is the way in which universities are operated. Governing structures for higher education are highly differentiated throughout the world, but the different models nonetheless share a common heritage. Internationally, tertiary education includes private not-for-profit, private for-profit, and public institutions governed by differentiated structures of management.
The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) is a system of interrelated surveys conducted annually by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), a part of the Institute for Education Sciences within the United States Department of Education. IPEDS consists of twelve interrelated survey components that are collected over three collection periods each year as described in the Data Collection and Dissemination Cycle. The completion of all IPEDS surveys is mandatory for all institutions that participate in, or are applicants for participation in, any federal financial assistance program authorized by Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended.
The American Council on Education (ACE) is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) U.S. higher education association established in 1918. ACE's members are the leaders of approximately 1,600 accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities and higher education-related associations, organizations, and corporations. The organization, located in Washington, D.C., conducts public policy advocacy, research, and other initiatives related to key higher education issues and offers leadership development programs to its members and others in the higher education community.
The University of the Philippines - National College of Public Administration and Governance, a degree-granting unit of the University of the Philippines Diliman, is the first school of public administration and public policy in Asia and the top educational institution in the said academic field and practice in the Philippines. It was established in 1952.
Higher education in Ontario includes postsecondary education and skills training regulated by the Ministry of Colleges and Universities and provided by universities, colleges of applied arts and technology, and private career colleges. The current minister is Jill Dunlop who was appointed in June 2021. The ministry administers laws covering 22 public universities, 24 public colleges, 17 privately funded religious universities, and over 500 private career colleges. 18 of the top 50 research universities in Canada are in Ontario.
Higher education in Yukon is shaped by the territory's small population in a relatively large geographic area. The history of higher education went hand in hand with the establishment of a representative territorial government in 1979. Yukon University is the only higher education institution in Yukon. Yukon University issues certificate, diploma, and degree programs. In December, 2019, the Yukon Legislature passed a bill that would transform Yukon College into Yukon University.
Higher education in British Columbia is delivered by 25 publicly funded institutions that are composed of eleven universities, eleven colleges, and three institutes. This is in addition to three private universities, five private colleges, and six theological colleges. There are also an extensive number of private career institutes and colleges. Over 297,000 students were enrolled in post-secondary institutions in British Columbia in the 2019-2020 academic year.
Higher education policy refers to education policy for higher education institutions such as universities, specifically how they are organised, funded, and operated in a society. According to Ansell (2006) there are "three different institutional forms of higher education provision: the Anglo-Saxon, Continental and the Scandinavian education system."
The Kentucky Council on Postsecondary Education coordinates change and improvement in Kentucky's postsecondary education system as directed by the Kentucky Postsecondary Education Improvement Act of 1997. The Council is a statewide coordinating agency with 16 members: 14 citizens, one faculty member and one student appointed by the Governor; the Commissioner of Education is an ex officio member.
The Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences is a school of social work, one of the six professional schools within the Case Western Reserve University system, located in the University Circle in Cleveland, OH. Established in 1915, it is one of the first schools of social work in the United States to be affiliated with a university.
The National Alliance of Concurrent Enrollment Partnerships (NACEP) is a professional organization for college and high school partnerships offering college courses in American high schools.
india.gov.in, also known as the National Portal of India. is the official web portal of India. It presents information resources and online services from government sources, accessible from a single point.
Michelle Asha Cooper is the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Higher Education Programs and Acting Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education in the U.S. Department of Education. She previously served as president of the Institute for Higher Education Policy (IHEP), a Washington, D.C.-based independent, non-profit organization.
National University is a private university headquartered in San Diego, California, United States. Founded in 1971, National University offers academic degree programs at campuses throughout California, a satellite campus in Nevada, and various programs online. Programs at National University are designed for adult learners. On-campus classes are typically blended learning courses, concentrated to four weeks or on weeknights with occasional Saturday classes. The university uses asynchronous learning and real-time virtual classrooms for its online programs.
The DO-IT Center is based at the University of Washington (UW) in Seattle, Washington. Founded in 1992, DO-IT’s mission is to increase the successful participation of people with disabilities in postsecondary education and careers, in STEM fields and careers, and in computing fields and careers throughout the U.S. It directs the national AccessSTEM program, and co-directs the national AccessComputing Alliance focused on engaging people with disabilities in computing fields.
The Community College Research Center (CCRC) is an independent research center that studies two-year colleges and open-access four-year institutions in the United States. Its researchers use qualitative and quantitative methods to assess programs, policies, and reforms in areas including remedial education, academic advising, institutional effectiveness, and college transfer. CCRC is housed at Teachers College, Columbia University, and is led by Thomas W. Brock.
The Data Quality Campaign (DQC) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit advocacy organization launched in the United States in 2005 to improve the quality, accessibility and use of data in education.