The single transferable vote (STV),a type of proportional ranked choice voting (P-RCV),is a multi-winner electoral system in which each voter casts a single vote in the form of a ranked-choice ballot. Voters have the option to rank candidates,and their vote may be transferred according to alternative preferences if their preferred candidate is eliminated or elected with surplus votes,so that their vote is used to elect someone they prefer over others in the running. STV aims to approach proportional representation based on votes cast in the district where it is used,so that each vote is worth about the same as another.
The 1996 United States presidential election was the 53rd quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 5,1996. Incumbent Democratic President Bill Clinton defeated former Senate Majority Leader Bob Dole,the Republican nominee,and Ross Perot,the Reform Party nominee and 1992 independent presidential candidate.
The vice president of the United States (VPOTUS) is the second-highest officer in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government,after the president of the United States,and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is also an officer in the legislative branch,as the president of the Senate. In this capacity,the vice president is empowered to preside over the United States Senate,but may not vote except to cast a tie-breaking vote. The vice president is indirectly elected at the same time as the president to a four-year term of office by the people of the United States through the Electoral College,but the electoral votes are cast separately for these two offices. Following the passage in 1967 of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the US Constitution,a vacancy in the office of vice president may be filled by presidential nomination and confirmation by a majority vote in both houses of Congress.
The 1992 United States presidential election was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 3,1992. Democratic Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas defeated incumbent Republican President George H. W. Bush and independent businessman Ross Perot of Texas. The election marked the end of a period of Republican dominance in American presidential politics that began in 1968,and also marked the end of 12 years of Republican rule of the White House,as well as the end of the Greatest Generation's 32-year American rule and the beginning of the baby boomers' 28-year dominance until 2020. It was the last time the incumbent president failed to win a second term until Donald Trump in 2020.
The 1988 United States presidential election was the 51st quadrennial presidential election held on Tuesday,November 8,1988. In what was the third consecutive landslide election for the Republican Party,their ticket of incumbent Vice President George H. W. Bush and Indiana senator Dan Quayle defeated the Democratic ticket of Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis and Texas senator Lloyd Bentsen.
The 1972 United States presidential election was the 47th quadrennial presidential election held on Tuesday,November 7,1972. Incumbent Republican President Richard Nixon defeated Democratic Senator George McGovern in a landslide victory. With 60.7% of the popular vote,Richard Nixon won the largest share of the popular vote for the Republican Party in any presidential election.
The 1976 United States presidential election was the 48th quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 2,1976. The Democratic nominee,former Georgia governor Jimmy Carter,narrowly defeated incumbent Republican President Gerald Ford. This was the first presidential election since 1932 in which the incumbent was defeated,as well as the only Democratic victory of the six presidential elections between 1968 and 1988.
The 1984 United States presidential election was the 50th quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 6,1984. Incumbent Republican President Ronald Reagan and his running mate,incumbent Vice President George H. W. Bush,were re-elected to a second term in a landslide. They defeated the Democratic ticket of former Vice President Walter Mondale and Congresswoman Geraldine Ferraro.
In the United States,the Electoral College is the group of presidential electors that is formed every four years during the presidential election for the sole purpose of voting for the president and vice president. The process is described in Article II of the U.S. Constitution. The number of electoral votes a state has equals its number of Senators (2) plus its number of Representatives in the House of Representatives,the latter being dependent on the Census's reported population. Each state appoints electors using legal procedures determined by its legislature,equal in number to its congressional delegation totaling 535 electors in the 50 states. A 1961 amendment granted the federal District of Columbia three electors. Federal office holders,including senators and representatives,cannot be electors. Of the current 538 electors,a simple majority of 270 or more electoral votes is required to elect the president and vice president. If no candidate achieves a majority there,a contingent election is held by the House of Representatives to elect the president and by the Senate to elect the vice president.
Party primaries or primary elections are elections in which a political party selects a candidate for an upcoming general election. Depending on the country and administrative division,there may be an "open primary",in which all voters are eligible to participate,or a "closed primary",in which only members of supporters of a political party can vote. There are also other variants of primary elections worldwide. Electoral systems using first-past-the-post voting for both primaries and the general election are sometimes described as using plurality-with-primaries,to highlight the structural and behavioral similarity of such systems to the plurality-with-runoff system.
The Reform Party of the United States of America (RPUSA),generally known as the Reform Party USA or the Reform Party,is a centrist political party in the United States,founded in 1995 by Ross Perot.
The 2008 United States presidential election was the 56th quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 4,2008. The Democratic ticket of Barack Obama,the junior senator from Illinois,and Joe Biden,the senior senator from Delaware,defeated the Republican ticket of John McCain,the senior senator from Arizona,and Sarah Palin,the governor of Alaska. Obama became the first African American to be elected to the presidency,as well as being only the third sitting United States senator elected president,joining Warren G. Harding and John F. Kennedy. Meanwhile,this was only the second successful all-senator ticket since the 1960 election and is the only election where both major party nominees were sitting senators. This was the first election since 1952 in which neither the incumbent president nor vice president was on the ballot,as well as the first election since 1928 in which neither ran for the nomination.
An independent,non-partisan politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent.
Instant-runoff voting (IRV),also known as ranked-choice voting or the alternative vote (AV),combines ranked voting together with a system for choosing winners from these rankings by repeatedly eliminating the candidate with the fewest first-place votes and reassigning their votes until only one candidate is left. It can be seen as a modified form of a runoff election or exhaustive ballot in which,after eliminating some candidates,the choice among the rest is made from already-given voter rankings rather than from a separate election. Many sources conflate this system of choosing winners with ranked-choice voting more generally,for which several other systems of choosing winners have also been used.
The 2012 United States presidential election was the 57th quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 6,2012. Incumbent Democratic president Barack Obama and his running mate,incumbent vice president Joe Biden,were re-elected to a second term. They defeated the Republican ticket of former governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney and U.S. representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin.
The 2016 United States presidential election was the 58th quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 8,2016. The Republican ticket,businessman Donald Trump and Indiana governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former secretary of state and First Lady of the United States Hillary Clinton and the junior senator from Virginia,Tim Kaine,in what was considered one of the biggest political upsets in American history. It was the fifth and most recent presidential election in which the winning candidate lost the popular vote. It was also the sixth and most recent presidential election in U.S. history in which both major party candidates were registered in the same home state;the others have been in 1860,1904,1920,1940,and 1944.
The election of the president and the vice president of the United States is an indirect election in which citizens of the United States who are registered to vote in one of the fifty U.S. states or in Washington,D.C.,cast ballots not directly for those offices,but instead for members of the Electoral College. These electors then cast direct votes,known as electoral votes,for president,and for vice president. The candidate who receives an absolute majority of electoral votes is then elected to that office. If no candidate receives an absolute majority of the votes for president,the House of Representatives elects the president;likewise if no one receives an absolute majority of the votes for vice president,then the Senate elects the vice president.
Presidential primaries and caucuses were organized by the Democratic Party to select the 3,979 pledged delegates to the 2020 Democratic National Convention held on August 17–20 to determine the party's nominee for president in the 2020 United States presidential election. The elections took place in all 50 U.S. states,the District of Columbia,five U.S. territories,and through Democrats Abroad,and occurred between February 3 and August 11.
The 2024 United States Senate elections are scheduled to be held on November 5,2024,as part of the 2024 United States elections. 33 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate will be contested in regular elections. Senators are divided into three classes whose six-year terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every two years. Class 1 senators will face election in 2024.
The 2024 United States House of Representatives elections will be held on November 5,2024,as part of the 2024 United States elections,to elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states,as well as 6 non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and the inhabited U.S. territories to the United States House of Representatives. Special elections have also been held on various dates in 2024. Numerous other federal,state,and local elections,including the U.S. presidential election and elections to the Senate,will also be held on this date. The winners of this election will serve in the 119th United States Congress,with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2020 United States census.
