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The Presbyterian Church of Korea (PCK), also abbreviated as Yejang (Korean: 예장), is a Protestant denomination based in South Korea that follows Calvinist theology and the Westminster Confession of Faith. Since the 1950s, the denomination has separated into various branches of the same name due to theological and political disputes. As of 2019, 286 branches in South Korea, many of which have separated from the PCK, use the title 'Presbyterian Church of Korea'.
The General Assembly of Presbyterian Church in Korea (GAPCK), also known as Yejang Hapdong (Korean: 예장합동) or just Hapdong, is an Evangelical Presbyterian denomination, which is the biggest Christian church in South Korea. The headquarters of the church is in Seoul, South Korea.
The Conservative Presbyterian Church in Korea was formed in 1963 when Pastor Kim Oh-Sung gathered 102 congregations to form a new denomination. Choi Sung-Gon became the moderator. Their conviction was that the neo-orthodox theology was the main reason of the division between the Presbyterian Church in Korea (TongHap) and the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDong). The conservative Calvinism was propagated in this new church. For 5–6 years the church was inactive. Graduates from SungHwa seminary — Cho Won-Kuk, Kim Duk-Sun, and Chung In-Young — met in 1972 and succeeded in restoring the denomination. When HapDong divided in 1979, many ministers and about 200 congregations joined non-mainline churches of HapDong. Only 22 stayed in BoSu. In 2004 it had 12,779 members and 110 congregations. It affirms the Westminster Confession and the Apostles Creed.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (Baekseok) other name is the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJeongTong) is strong Presbyterian Reformed denomination in South Korea, originated in the mainline and non-mainline division in 1979. In 1980 the non-mainline group founded the HapDongJinRi. One year later some members joined the YunHap section. The founding date of the denomination is in 1982, when these 2 group united and formed the current denomination. It's growing rapidly by evangelism and integrating other small groups. In 2004 it has 611,000 members and 1,700 congregations 39 presbyteries and a General Assembly. Total ordinated clergy is 2,905. There's no women ordination. The denomination adheres to the Apostles Creed and Westminster Confession of Faith.
The church history dates back to 1948, the foundation of the DaeHan Seminary and with Rev. Kim Chi-sun, Pastor Kim Su-do, Rev. Yun Phil-sung started evening courses for the formation of the candidate of ministry. In 1960 the HapDong and TongHap split. Rev. Kim Chi-sun who belonged to hapDong founded the Bible Presbyterian Church in Korea. Soon tension arose between the Seminary and the Bible Presbyterian Church. In 1968 Kim withdrew from ICCC. Kim Chi-sun was running the Daeshin Seminary by himself. He tried to get his son appointed as director of the seminary. This idea was opposed by the professor of the Seminary, he was Choi Soon-jik who started with his follower the HapDongJinRi denomination, the leading figure was Huh Kwang-jae. In 1972 Kim Chi-sun and his son withdrew the denomination. The Daeshin group later revised its constitution. In 1974 the church adopted the "Declaration of the Church" and amended the new constitution in 1976. It joined the Council of Presbyterian Churches in Korea in 1980 and the World Alliance of Reformed Churches in 1992. Daeshin has experienced steady growth in recent years. It has 140,000 members in 1,170 congregations, 30 Presbyteries and a General Assembly. The church subscribes to the Apostles Creed and the Westminster Confession. Member of the World Communion of Reformed Churches.
Presbyterian Church in Korea (HwanWon) was founded by Pastor Song Jae-Muk, who separated from the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HoHun). In 1969 the General Assembly of HwanWon accepted the services of a missionary of the Westminster Presbyterian World Mission, namely Robert S. Rapp. HwanWon suffered several splits. The denomination lost most of its strength and the new moderator decided to united with the JungAng presbytery and the JeongTong. The united church become the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongHwanWon).
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (BoSuHapDong) was founded in 1984. A group under the leadership of Pastor Kang Young-Suh separated from the BangBae group. It has 101,400 members and 408 parishes, and adheres to the Westminster Confession. The church has Presbyterian government with 17 Presbyteries and a General Assembly.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (YeJangHapBo) is a Christian denomination created as the result of bringing together various Hapdong groups, both mainline and non-mainline. In 1980 No Jin-Young from the mainline group, You Je-Shun, Son Chi-So from the neutral group and Bak Dong-Sup from the non-mainline faction created HapDongBoSu. Later it was renamed to YeJangHapBo. It has 187,500 members and 300 congregations in 16 Presbyteries and a General Assembly.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongChongShin) was an offspring of the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJinRi). It was founded in 1985. The church had 100 congregations and 12,000 members in 2004. It affirms the Apostles Creed and Westminster Confession.
According to a 2021 Gallup Korea poll, 17% of South Koreans identify as Protestant; this is about 8.5 million people. About two-thirds of these are Presbyterians. Presbyterians in South Korea worship in over 100 different Presbyterian denominational churches who trace their history back to the United Presbyterian Assembly.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongBokUm) was founded by Pastor Jung Sung-Ho in 1984. He also founded the Seoul Seminary in 1981. In 1986 the denomination started the HanRim Educational Institute. Under the leadership of Rev. Jang Sung-Ho and Rev. Byun Dong-Ho the church grew significantly. It has approximately 35,000 members and 272 congregations served by 265 pastors. Ministries are open to women. The Apostles Creed and the Westminster Confession are the standards.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongBoSu) was founded within JengRip Presbyterian church. In 1984 become a separated denomination. Pastor Han Chun-Keun, Pastor Kim Kuk-In, Pastor Lee Sun-Sik together with 50 pastors founded the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJeongRip). In 1989 it adopted the current name. The Apostles Creed and the Westminster Confession the standards. In 2004 it had 3,800 members and 74 congregations served by 64 pastors. It had 4 Presbyteries and a General assembly.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongChungYun) separated from the JongHap Presbyterian Church in 1976. In 1984, it united with the HapDongHyunHap. As of 2004, it had 58,317 members in 386 churches, served by 148 pastors. The church subscribes to the Apostles Creed and Westminster Confession.
The Korean Presbyterian Church was formed in 1981, when it was separated from the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDong). In 1973 before HapDong was divided, about 400 neutral congregations formed a 17-member committee to promote reconciliation, but this effort proved useless. The non-mainline HapDong group separated and fragmented into JongAm and BangBae and GaeHyuk. An attempt was made to unite these churches without success. The GaeHyuk denomination birth date is 1981. The Apostles Creed and the Westminster Confession are the officially accepted standards. In 2004 it had 633,600 members and 2,030 congregations served by 2,010 ordained pastors in 31 Presbyteryes, and a General Assembly. There is currently no female ordination.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea is a Reformed Presbyterian denomination in South Korea. The church was constituted in 1985, when it split off the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDongJinRi). The first moderator was Pastor Lee Geun-Su. The Apostles Creed and the Westminster Confession are the official standards. In 2004 there was 11,765 members in 100 congregations.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea (JungRip) traces its origin to the mainline and non-mainline division of Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDong). Later some Presbyterian Church in Korea (TongHap) pastors and hapDong pastors gathered under the motto of "Return to the early church and aim at one Gospel church". After a prayer meeting they formed the JungRip church in 1981. Some members formed the PyungYang seminary later renamed as the Seoul Westminster Seminary. The church teaches the verbal inspiration of the Bible. It subscribes the Apostles Creed and Westminster Confession. In 2004 there were 75,007 members and 451 congregations and 454 ordained ministers. The denomination had 13 Presbyteries and a General Assembly.
The Presbyterian Church in Korea HapDongBoSu II was result of a split in the Presbyterian Church in Korea HapDongBoSu I. It had participated in the union movement to restore the unity of the Presbyterian Church in Korea (HapDong) but the attempt failed and it became an independent denomination. The HapDongBoSu I is a conservative Calvinist denomination opposed to both the World Council of Churches and the National Council of Churches. It belongs to the larger conservative denominations and runs nine seminaries and ten Bible schools. It has Presbyterian church government, the standards are the Westminster Confession and the Apostles Creed. In 2004, the church had 669,346 members in 1,300 congregations.
The Pyongyang Theological Seminary is a Protestant theological seminary in Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea. It is run by the government-controlled Korean Christian Federation (KCF) and trains pastors and evangelists for it.
The Kosin Presbyterian Church in Korea, also called Korea-pa, is an Evangelical Reformed and Presbyterian denomination in the Republic of South Korea. Although, congregations have spread all over North America and in many other countries.
References
- ↑ "Address data base of Reformed churches and institutions". Reformiert-online.net. Retrieved 1 December 2014.