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Promotional apparel is clothing imprinted with a company's name, logo or message. They include shirts, gloves, hats, jackets and any piece of clothing that can be incorporated in marketing and communication campaigns. The promotional clothing is used to endorse a product, service or company agenda. The importance of promotional apparel lies in the relationship that is generated between businesses and the public. Businesses require promotional items to help reach potential customers and clients. [1] With promotional apparel, businesses are able to obtain exposure and brand recognition. Promotional apparel is usually distributed as handouts or shipped as bonus items to accompany a purchase.
The history of promotional products dates back to 1789, the first product being a commemorative button made for George Washington and his campaign. Due to the success of the commemorative button, other items such as wood specialties, almanacs, and calendars slowly became available as promotional items. [2] The next innovation to change the world of promotional merchandise would be that of Jasper Freemont Meek. In 1881, in an attempt to produce revenue for his printing business and to use his printing presses during their downtime, Meek partnered with Cantwell Shoes to print advertisements for the local merchant on the bags of school children. These bags would be distributed to the children and become almost a walking advertisement for Cantwell Shoes. Providing these promotional items not only provided more revenue for Cantwell, but also spawned a full-scale printing operation for Meek, who began printing logos and messages on bags, calendars, and other merchandise for the local merchants of Coshocton, Ohio. [3] Meek is often credited as the father of promotional products. The industry of promotional products has evolved quite a bit to meet the needs of both the producer and seller of the promotional items. Two major organizations play a substantial role within the industry. One organization is the Promotional Products Association International (PPAI), which was founded in 1904 as a method used to address issues such as pricing, new ideas, and procedures. The other organization is the Advertising Specialty Institute, or ASI, which was founded in 1950 by Joseph Segel. Both of these organizations publish content and informational literature for promotional products and their suppliers.
A large variety of products are available for businesses to use as promotional items.
Promotional apparel may include:
While screen printing is a common method due to low costs and ability to produce a large amount, some suppliers provide embroidering. Emerging trends within fashion tend to be influential on promotional apparel and their design. [4] It is crucial for suppliers to follow closely with creative new finishes, materials, and styles that will be popular with customers and clients. It is also important that the items are high-quality in material and design. The reputation of the business is associated with the quality of the product and can affect customer loyalty. [5] Customers that receive high-quality promotional merchandise are more inclined to purchase from the business in the future. According to the 2016 ASI Ad Impression study, 85 percent of the individuals surveyed remembered the name of the company that distributed a promotional item. Consumers were also found to be 2.5 times as likely to hold a positive impression of a company that handed out a promotional product compared to just showing a digital advertisement. [6]
Merchandising is any practice which contributes to the sale of products to a retail consumer. At a retail in-store level, merchandising refers to displaying products that are for sale in a creative way that entices customers to purchase more items or products.
Zara SA, stylized as ZARA, is a Spanish apparel retailer based in Arteixo, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. The company specializes in fast fashion, and products include clothing, accessories, shoes, swimwear, beauty, and perfumes. It is the largest company in the Inditex group, the world's largest apparel retailer. Zara as of 2017 manages up to 20 clothing collections a year.
Gildan Activewear Inc. is a Canadian, American manufacturer of branded clothing, including undecorated blank activewear such as t-shirts, sport shirts and fleeces, which are subsequently decorated by screen printing companies with designs and logos. The company also supplies branded and private label athletic, casual, and dress socks to retail companies in the United States including Gold Toe Brands, PowerSox, SilverToe, Auro, All Pro, and the Gildan brand. The company also manufactures and distributes Under Armour and New Balance brand socks. The company has approximately 44,000 employees worldwide, and owns and operates manufacturing facilities in Rio Nance, Honduras and the Caribbean.
Lululemon Athletica is a Canadian American multinational athletic apparel retailer domiciled in Delaware and headquartered in Vancouver. It was founded in 1998 as a retailer of yoga pants and other yoga wear, and has expanded to also sell athletic wear, lifestyle apparel, accessories, and personal care products. The company has 491 stores internationally, and also sells online.
Rugby Ralph Lauren was an American clothing brand launched in 2004 under the management of parent company Polo Ralph Lauren, the line has been retired. The brand specialised in Preppy/Rugby inspired lifestyle apparel for male and female clientele ages 16 through 25. Rugby also encompassed Rugby Food & Spirits, a small café modeled after the brand and offering dining inspired by the Rugby theme. Rugby merchandise was available at twelve stores throughout the United States, as well as one in Covent Garden in London, UK. By August, 2008 merchandise was also available online at Rugby.com.
Once the strategic plan is in place, retail managers turn to the more managerial aspects of planning. A retail mix is devised for the purpose of coordinating day-to-day tactical decisions. The retail marketing mix typically consists of six broad decision layers including product decisions, place decisions, promotion, price, personnel and presentation. The retail mix is loosely based on the marketing mix, but has been expanded and modified in line with the unique needs of the retail context. A number of scholars have argued for an expanded marketing, mix with the inclusion of two new Ps, namely, Personnel and Presentation since these contribute to the customer's unique retail experience and are the principal basis for retail differentiation. Yet other scholars argue that the Retail Format should be included. The modified retail marketing mix that is most commonly cited in textbooks is often called the 6 Ps of retailing.
Fast fashion is a term used to describe the clothing industry business model of replicating recent catwalk trends and high-fashion designs, mass-producing them at low cost, and bringing them to retail stores quickly while demand is highest. The term fast fashion is also used generically to describe the products of the fast fashion business model.
Visual Merchandising is the practice in the retail industry of optimizing the presentation of products and services to better highlight their features and benefits. The purpose of such visual merchandising is to attract, engage, and motivate the customer towards making a purchase.
FUCT or Friends U Can't Trust is a clothing brand founded in Los Angeles in 1990 by American artist and designer Erik Brunetti and partner at the time, professional skateboarder Natas Kaupas. Brunetti has said he choose the name "FUCT" because it was a homophone of the expletive "fucked" and he wanted people to question its pronunciation. FUCT has been referred to as one of the pioneering brands of modern streetwear, often incorporating various elements and icons of pop culture alongside anti-government and anti-religious campaigns into their designs including the use of parodied logos.
In the retail industry, a buyer is an individual who selects what items are stocked. Buyers usually work closely with designers and their designated sales representatives and attend trade fairs, wholesale showrooms and fashion shows to observe trends. They may work for large department stores, chain stores or smaller boutiques. For smaller independent stores, a buyer may participate in sales as well as promotion, whereas in a major fashion store there may be different levels of seniority such as trainee buyers, assistant buyers, senior buyers and buying managers, and buying directors. Decisions about what to stock can greatly affect fashion businesses.
Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) is an American lifestyle retailer that focuses on casual wear. Its headquarters are in New Albany, Ohio. The company operates three other offshoot brands: Abercrombie Kids, Hollister Co., and Gilly Hicks As of February 2020, the company operated 854 stores across all brands.
Promotional representatives, also known as promo reps, are people who are hired to promote a brand, product, or service. They are generally hired by event marketing agencies, staffing agencies, and companies choosing to promote their products, services, and brands through the use of live events, mobile tours, and guerrilla marketing instead of television, radio, and print advertising.
Fashion merchandising can be defined as the planning and promotion of sales by presenting a product to the right market at the proper time, by carrying out organized, skillful advertising, using attractive displays, etc. Merchandising, within fashion retail, refers specifically to the stock planning, management, and control process. Fashion Merchandising is a job that is done world- wide. This position requires well-developed quantitative skills, and natural ability to discover trends, meaning relationships and interrelationships among standard sales and stock figures. In the fashion industry, there are two different merchandising teams: the visual merchandising team, and the fashion merchandising team.
Starter, Inc. is an American clothing manufacturer, focusing of major league sports teams. Starter's current licenses include MLB, NBA, NFL, and NHL teams. Non-sports agreements include a partnership with Coca-Cola.
Promotional merchandise are products branded with a logo or slogan and distributed at little or no cost to promote a brand, corporate identity, or event. Such products, which are often informally called promo products, swag, tchotchkes, or freebies, are used in marketing and sales. They are given away or sold at a loss to promote a company, corporate image, brand, or event. They are often distributed as handouts at trade shows, at conferences, on sales calls, and as bonus items in shipped orders. They are often used in guerrilla marketing campaigns.
Randa Apparel & Accessories is a manufacturer, distributor and marketer of men's, women's and children's clothing, belts, wallets, neckwear, neckties, jewelry, slippers, hats, gloves, leather goods, and face masks.
Vineyard Vines is an American clothing and accessory retailer founded in 1998 on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, by brothers Shep and Ian Murray. The brand markets high-end ties, hats, belts, shirts, shorts, swimwear, bags for men, women, and children. It has grown to a collection of retail stores and outlets across the United States. The company's main logo is a pink whale.
In marketing, premiums are promotional items — toys, collectables, souvenirs and household products — that are linked to a product, and often require proofs of purchase such as box tops or tokens to acquire. The consumer generally has to pay at least the shipping and handling costs to receive the premium. Premiums are sometimes referred to as prizes, although historically the word "prize" has been used to denote an item that is packaged with the product and requires no additional payment over the cost of the product.
The Advertising Specialty Institute (ASI) is a for-profit organization serving the advertising specialty industry.