Propane (data page)

Last updated April 12, 2023

This page provides supplementary chemical data on propane.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Dielectric constant	(fluid) 1.6 ε₀ at 0 °C
Magnetic susceptibility	−40

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point	85.47 K (−187.68 °C), 0.0001 Pa
Critical point	369.522 K (96.672 °C), 42.4924 bar
Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ_fusH^o	79.96 J/g
Std entropy change of fusion, Δ_fusS^o	? J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o	24.545 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o	? J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid	−103.85^[1] kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_solid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid	−118.910 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	171.0 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	98.36 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas	−104.7 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_gas	269.91 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH^o	−2220.0 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, c_p	73.60 J/(mol K)
van der Waals' constants ^[2]	a = 877.88 L² kPa/mol² b = 0.08445 liter per mole

Density of liquid and gas

Propane is highly temperature dependent.^[3] The density of liquid and gaseous propane are given on the next image.

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg		1	10	40	100	400	760	1520	3800	7600	15200	30400	45600
T in °C		−128.9	−108.5	−92.4	−79.6	−55.6	−42.1	−25.6	1.4	25.6	58.1	94.8	—

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

log of propane vapor pressure. Uses formula:
log
10
[?]
P
m
m
H
g
=
6.82973
-
813.20
248.00
+
T
{\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{10}P_{mmHg}=6.82973-{\frac {813.20}{248.00+T}}}
from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. LogPropaneVaporPressure.png — **log of propane vapor pressure**. Uses formula: $\scriptstyle \log _{10}P_{mmHg}=6.82973-{\frac {813.20}{248.00+T}}$ from *Lange's Handbook of Chemistry*, 10th ed.

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λ_max	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
IR
Major absorption bands	? cm ⁻¹
NMR
Proton NMR
Carbon-13 NMR
Other NMR data
MS
Masses of main fragments

Material Safety Data Sheet

Propane does not have health effects other than the danger of frostbite or asphyxiation. The National Propane Gas Association has a generic MSDS available online here. (Issued 1996)

MSDS from Suburban Propane, L.P dated 5/2013 in the SDSdata.org database

This box:

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
Reliability of data general note.

References

↑ Himmelblau. Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering. Pearson. 2012. Print. Pg. 852.
↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522–1524
↑ Zivenko, Oleksiy (2019). "LPG Accounting Specificity During ITS Storage and Transportation". Measuring Equipment and Metrology. 80 (3): 21–27. doi: 10.23939/istcmtm2019.03.021 . ISSN 0368-6418. S2CID 211776025.

External links

Physical and Chemical Properties of Propane

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[1] Himmelblau. Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering. Pearson. 2012. Print. Pg. 852.

[lange1522-2] Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522–1524

[3] Zivenko, Oleksiy (2019). "LPG Accounting Specificity During ITS Storage and Transportation". Measuring Equipment and Metrology. 80 (3): 21–27. doi: 10.23939/istcmtm2019.03.021 . ISSN 0368-6418. S2CID 211776025.

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