The Indian National Congress (INC),colloquially the Congress Party or simply the Congress,is an Indian political party. Founded in 1885,it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century,and especially after 1920,under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi,the Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. The Congress led India to independence from the United Kingdom,and significantly influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)/CPIM/CPM) is a communist political party in India. It is the largest communist party in India in terms of membership and electoral seats and one of the national parties of India. The party emerged from a split in the CPI on 07.11.1964. As of 2022,CPI(M) is a part of ruling alliances in three states —the LDF in Kerala,Mahagathbandhan in Bihar,and the SPA in Tamil Nadu. CPIM has representation in the legislative assemblies of 8 states.The Party is currently the main opposition in Tripura along with Congress (SDF Alliance).
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest communist party in India. The CPI was founded in modern-day Kanpur on 26 December 1925.
The Trinamool Congress is an Indian political party with influence in the state of West Bengal. It was founded by the Mamata Banerjee on 1 January 1998 as a breakaway faction from the Indian National Congress. The party has won a three-time majority in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly and has been the ruling party in West Bengal since 20 May 2011. AITC is led by Mamata Banerjee as the chairperson of the party.
Arackaparambil Kurien Antony is an Indian politician and lawyer who served as the Minister of Defence of India from 2006 to 2014. He previously served as the 6th Chief Minister of Kerala from 1977 to 1978,1995 to 1996 and again from 2001 to 2004. He currently serves as the Chairman of the Disciplinary Action Committee of the All India Congress Committee,Congress Working Committee,and member of the Congress Core Group and Central Election Committee.
The Indian Union Muslim League is an Indian political party primarily based in the Indian state of Kerala. It is recognised as a State Party in Kerala by the Election Commission of India.
Oommen Chandy is an Indian politician and statesman who served as the 10th Chief Minister of Kerala from 2004 to 2006 and again from 2011 to 2016. He was also Leader of the Opposition in the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 2006 to 2011. He represents Puthuppally constituency as MLA in the State Assembly since 1970. He is the longest serving MLA in the Kerala Legislative Assembly and the only Indian Chief Minister to achieve award for public service from United Nations.
The All India Congress Committee (AICC) is the presidium or the central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress. It is composed of members elected from state-level Pradesh Congress Committees and can have as many as a thousand members. It is the AICC that elects members of the Congress Working Committee and the Congress President,who is also the head of the AICC.
The Students' Federation of India is an Indian left-wing student organisation politically aligned to the ideologies of independence,democracy and socialism. Currently,V. P. Sanu and Mayukh Biswas are elected as the All India President and General Secretary,respectively.
The Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) or SUCI(C),previously called the Socialist Unity Centre of India and "Socialist Unity Centre",is an anti-revisionist Marxist-Leninist communist party in India. The party was founded by Shibdas Ghosh,Nihar Mukherjee and others in 1948.
Aruvanpalli Puthiyapurakkal Abdullakkutty(born 8 May 1967) is an Indian politician. He was elected as the National Vice President of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) on 26 September 2020. He has also served as the BJP Vice President of Kerala state. He is also a former member of Lok Sabha from Kannur and ex-MLA from Kannur constituency of Kerala state.
Shibdas Ghosh was an Indian communist politician. He was involved in the Communist movement in India for several decades. He was also the founding general secretary of Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist).
Ramesh Chennithala,[ɾɐmeːʃt͡ʃen̺ːit̪ːɐlɐ],,is an Indian politician,and a senior leader of the Indian National Congress. He was the Leader of the Opposition in the 14th Kerala Legislative Assembly. He also served as the state Home Minister in the Government of Kerala for two years. He holds the record of the youngest minister in Kerala at the age of 28.
P. C. George,in full Plathottathil Chacko George, is an Indian politician. George is a seven-time and ex Member of the Legislative Assembly (M.L.A.) of the Poonjar constituency in the Kottayam district of Kerala state and. He was in the Kerala Legislative Assembly for 33 years. After the legislative election 2016,he created his own party named as Kerala Janapaksham (Secular). Formerly,he was the member of political parties like Kerala Congress,Kerala Congress (Joseph),Kerala Congress (Mani) and Kerala Congress (Secular).
The organisation of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is based upon the Constitution of the Bharatiya Janata Party. The organisation of the BJP is strictly hierarchical,with the president being the highest authority in the party. The party is considered to be a cadre-based party that draws from the Hindutva-based ideology of its parent organisation,the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.
P. C. Chacko is a former Member of Parliament from Thrissur Lok Sabha seat in Kerala. He is a former member of the Indian National Congress. Chacko resigned from Indian National Congress on 10 March 2021,stating that it had become difficult to be a congress leader in Kerala. P.C. Chacko is the first president of Thiruvananthapuram District committee of Kerala Students Union. He was the State president of Indian youth Congress from 1970 to 1973 and held the post of national General secretary of Indian youth Congress during 1973 - 1975. He became the general secretary of KPCC in 1975 and continued till 1979. He was elected to the Kerala Assembly in 1980 from Piravom constituency and during 1980- 81 he served as Minister for Industries in the state cabinet. He was elected to Loksabha in 1991 from Thrissur,in 1996 from Mukundapuram,in 1998 from Idukki and in 2009 again from Thrissur. On 2021 March 16 he joined Nationalist Congress Party,which is an ally of LDF in Kerala. He was appointed President of the Kerala State Unit of Nationalist Congress Party by the National President Sri. Sharad Pawar on 19 May 2021.
Vellamvelly Muraleedharan is an Indian politician from Kerala and current Union Minister of State for External Affairs &Parliamentary Affairs of India since 30 May 2019. He was the eighth State President of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in Kerala. He is also a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha,the upper house of the Indian Parliament representing the state of Maharashtra. He was sworn in as a Union Minister on 30 May 2019. On 12 June 2019,Muraleedharan was appointed Government Deputy Chief Whip in the Rajya Sabha.
A. K. Saseendran is an Indian politician serving as the Minister for Forests,Wild Life Protection,Government of Kerala in the second Pinarayi Vijayan ministry. He belongs to the Nationalist Congress Party and represents the Elathur constituency. He was previously elected to the Kerala Legislative Assembly in 1980,1982,2006,2011 and 2016.
General elections are expected to be held in India during April and May 2024 to elect the members of the 18th Lok Sabha.
In 1964 a major split occurred in the Communist Party of India. The split was the culmination of decades of tensions and factional infighting. When India became independent in 1947,differences arose of how to adapt to the new situation. As relations between the Nehru government and the Soviet Union improved,a faction that sought cooperation with the dominant Indian National Congress emerged within CPI. This tendency was led by S.A. Dange,whose role in the party hierarchy became increasingly controversial. When the Sino-Indian War broke out in 1962 Dange's opponents within CPI were jailed,but when they were released they sought to challenge his leadership. In 1964 the party was finally divided into two,with the left faction forming the Communist Party of India (Marxist). The split had a lot of regional variations. It also impacted other organizations,such as trade union and peasant movements. The split has been studied extensively by scholars,who have sought to analyze the various domestic and international factors involved.
