| provisional executive government | |
 | |
| Country |  Republic of Central Lithuania |
|---|---|
| Leader | Chairman |
The Provisional Governing Commission [lower-alpha 1] was a provisional executive government of the Republic of Central Lithuania, that existed from 1920 to 1922. [1]
The Provisional Governing Commission had been formed on 12 October 1920, following Żeligowski's Mutiny, in which forces from Poland, under the command of general Lucjan Żeligowski, had ceased Vilnius Region from Lithuania, and established the Republic of Central Lithuania, as the puppet state of Poland. The formation of the executive government had been announced by Żeligowski, the commander-in-chief of Army of Central Lithuania, who de facto acted as the leader of the state. It included Witold Abramowicz, Leon Bobicki, Mieczysław Engiel, Jerzy Iwanowski, Vatslav Ivanóvskiy, Teofil Szopa, and Aleksander Zasztowt. [2] Engiel and Szope represented the Borderlands Guard within the Provisional Governing Commission. [3] On the day of its establishment, Żeligowski had appointed the members of the government to the offices of the ministers. [4] The Provisional Governing Commission formally ceased to exist on 6 April 1922, when the Legislative Sejm of Poland voted for the resolution to incorporate Central Lithuania into Polish territory. [5] [6]
The Provisional Governing Commission was formed from 11 ministries and the chairperson. The chairperson was simultaneously the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and their responsibilities included: representing the state in international politics, organizing and leading the government meetings, and leading the Chairperson Bureau and the Law and Legislature Department. Their deputy was the vice-chairperson, who deputized the chairperson in their responsibilities connected to running the Provisional Governing Commission. [1]
The competencies of the government included:
The government had its meetings organized 2 times in a week, with the possibility of organizing additional emergency meetings. [1]
Alongside the Provisional Governing Commission, functioned also the Office of the Chairperson of Provisional Governing Commission, that oversaw the officials employment, and the Chairperson Bureau, which executed the orders from the chairperson. [1]
The Republic of Central Lithuania, commonly known as the Central Lithuania, and the Middle Lithuania, was an unrecognized short-lived puppet state of Poland, that existed from 1920 to 1922. It was founded on 12 October 1920, after successful Żeligowski's Mutiny, during which the volunteer 1st Lithuanian–Belarusian Division under command of general Lucjan Żeligowski seized the Vilnius Region that Lithuania made claims to. It was incorporated into Poland on 18 April 1922.
The Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia, alternatively referred to as the Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and White Russia or simply Litbel (Lit-Bel), was a Soviet republic that existed within the parts of the territories of modern Belarus and Lithuania for approximately five months during the Lithuanian–Soviet War and the Polish–Soviet War in 1919. The Litbel republic was created in February 1919 formally through the merger of the short-lived Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belorussia.
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Lucjan Żeligowski was a Polish-Lithuanian general, politician, military commander and veteran of World War I, the Polish-Soviet War and World War II. He is mostly remembered for his role in Żeligowski's Mutiny and as head of a short-lived Republic of Central Lithuania.
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Żeligowski's Mutiny was a Polish false flag operation led by General Lucjan Żeligowski in October 1920, which resulted in the creation of the Republic of Central Lithuania. Józef Piłsudski, the Chief of State of Poland, surreptitiously ordered Żeligowski to carry out the operation, and revealed the truth only several years afterwards.
The Suwałki Agreement, Treaty of Suvalkai, or Suwalki Treaty was an agreement signed in the town of Suwałki between Poland and Lithuania on October 7, 1920. It was registered in the League of Nations Treaty Series on January 19, 1922.
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Treaty of Kaunas was a treaty signed on 29 November 1920 in Kaunas, Lithuania, that the next day started the armistice between Lithuania and Central Lithuania ending the Central Lithuanian Offensive on Kaunas. The treaty was drafted between 27 and 29 November 1920, during the peace negotiations between Lithuania and Poland led by the League of Nations.
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Sejm of Central Lithuania, also known as the Vilnius Sejm, or Wilno Sejm or the Adjudicating Sejm, was the parliament of the short-lived state of Central Lithuania. Formed after the elections of 8 January 1922, it held its proceedings from 1 February to 1 March of that year. It had 106 deputies. Dominated by Polish representatives, it requested Central Lithuania's annexation by Poland and dissolved shortly afterward.
The Cross of Merit of the Army of Central Lithuania was a military order of merit awarded by the Republic of Central Lithuania in 1922, and by the Second Polish Republic, from 1922 to 1926. It was awarded to the soldiers of the Polish Armed Forces, and the Army of Central Lithuania, in recognition of merit, expressed by the soldiers during the war Polish–Lithuanian War, from 9 October to 19 November 1920, which included the Żeligowski's Mutiny, and the Central Lithuanian Offensive on Kaunas.
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Aleksander Meysztowicz, also known as Aleksander Eduardowicz Meysztowicz, was a Polish politician and landowner. He was the Minister of Justice of Poland from 1926 to 1928, the chairperson of the Provisional Governing Commission of Central Lithuania from 1921 to 1922, and a member of the State Council of the Russian Empire from 1909 to 1917.