Pylorus or Pyloros was a town of ancient Crete, south of Gortyna. [1]
The pylorus, or pyloric part, connects the stomach to the duodenum. The pylorus is considered as having two parts, the pyloric antrum and the pyloric canal. The pyloric canal ends as the pyloric orifice, which marks the junction between the stomach and the duodenum. The orifice is surrounded by a sphincter, a band of muscle, called the pyloric sphincter. The word pylorus comes from Greek πυλωρός, via Latin. The word pylorus in Greek means "gatekeeper", related to "gate" and is thus linguistically related to the word "pylon".
Pteria was the capital of the Assyrians in northern Cappadocia. They were said by Herodotus to have been taken and ruined by Croesus in 547 BCE. It also was the place of an undecided battle between Cyrus the Great and Croesus.
Eulepa (Εύλεπα) was an ancient Greek town in Cappadocia, inhabited in Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine times.
Athyras was a Greek city in ancient Thrace, located in the region of the Propontis.
Cyptasia or Kyptasia was a town on the Black Sea coast of ancient Paphlagonia. The name appears as Cloptasa in the Tabula Peutingeriana was 7 Roman miles from Sinope on the road to Amisus.
Aegae or Aigai, or Aegaeae or Aigaiai (Αἰγαῖαι), or Aegeae or Aigeai (Αἴγεαι), was a town on the coast of ancient Cilicia, on the north side of the Bay of Issus. It is now separated from the outlet of the Pyramus by a long narrow estuary called Gulf of Alexandretta. In Strabo's time it was a small city with a port. Aegae was a Greek town, but the origin of it is unknown. A Greek inscription of the Roman period has been discovered there; and under the Roman dominion it was a place of some importance. Tacitus calls it Aegeae. It was Christianised at an early date, and while no longer retaining a residential bishop, remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church, under the name of Aegeae.
Hadriani ad Olympum, or simply Hadriani or Hadrianoi, was a town of ancient Bithynia, not far from the western bank of the river Rhyndacus. It was built, as its name indicates, by the emperor Hadrian, and for this reason did not exist in the time of Ptolemy. As its name indicates, it was situated on a spur of Mount Olympus, and 160 stadia to the southeast of Poemanenus. Hadriani was the birthplace of the rhetorician Aelius Aristides, who was born in 117. In the ecclesiastical writers the town is known as the see of a bishop in the Hellespontine province. No longer a residential see, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
Carussa or Karoussa, also spelt as Carusa or Karousa (Καροῦσα), also known as Polichnion, was a Greek trading place (emporium) on the Black Sea coast of ancient Paphlagonia, south of Sinope, and 150 stadia from it. It is also mentioned in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax as a Greek city; and by Pliny the Elder. It was a member of the Delian League as it appears in tribute lists of ancient Athens.
Zagorus or Zagoros, also Zagorum or Zagoron (Ζάγωρον), and also Zagora (Ζάγωρα) or Zageira (Ζάγειρα) or Zacoria, was a town on the Euxine coast of ancient Paphlagonia on the road between Sinope and the mouth of the Halys River, from the latter of which it was distant about 400 stadia.
Halae or Halai, or Alae or Alai (Ἄλαι), was a coastal town of ancient Cilicia, inhabited during the Roman and Byzantine eras.
Temenothyra, or Temenothyrae or Temenothyrai, was a town of ancient Lydia, or of Phrygia, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. It became a bishopric; no longer the seat of a residential bishop, under the name Temenothyrae it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.
Iaza was a town of ancient Lydia, inhabited during Roman times. Its name does not occur among ancient authors, but is inferred from epigraphic and other evidence.
Skandos was a town of ancient Cappadocia, inhabited in Byzantine times.
Moutalaske was a town of ancient Cappadocia, inhabited in Byzantine times. It was the birthplace of both Saint Sabas (439) and Saint Meletios. The former, during a visit to emperor Anastasios I in Constantinople, sent money back to his home village in Moutalaske to fund the construction of a church dedicated to the Saints Cosmas and Damian.
Pteria was a town of ancient Paphlagonia, inhabited from Classical through Byzantine times.
Phazemon, also known as Thermai Phazemoniton, was a town in the west of ancient Pontus, south of the Gazelonitis, and north of Amasia; it contained hot mineral springs. Pompey, after his victory over Mithridates, planted a colony there, and changed its name into Neapolis, from which the whole district was called Neapolitis, having previously been called Phazemonitis.
Cizari or Kizari, also called Icizari or Ikizari (Ἰκίζαρι), was a settlement and fort of ancient Pontus, in the district Phazemonitis, on Lake Stiphane. It was deserted in Strabo's time, and there was a palace built near it.
Campae or Kampai was a town of ancient Cappadocia, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. In the Tabula Peutingeriana it is listed as Cambe and positioned 16 M.P. north or northwest from Mazaca.
Clannuda or Klannouda was a town of ancient Phrygia, inhabited in Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine times. It was mentioned in the Peutinger Table as Clanudda, which places it 30 M.P. from Aludda and 35 M.P. from Philadelphia.
Saurania, or Sauronisena, or Saunaria (Σαυναρία), was a town of ancient Pontus, inhabited during Roman and Byzantine times. It was in the later province of Pontus Polemoniacus, and mentioned by Ptolemy.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Pylorus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography . London: John Murray.
Coordinates: 35°00′13″N24°56′27″E / 35.003706°N 24.940939°E