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Television broadcasts in the United Kingdom began in 1932, however, regular broadcasts would only begin four years later. Television began as a public service which was free of advertising, which followed the first demonstration of a transmitted moving image in 1926. Currently, the United Kingdom has a collection of free-to-air, free-to-view and subscription services over a variety of distribution media, through which there are over 480 channels for consumers as well as on-demand content. There are six main channel owners who are responsible for most material viewed.
Independent Local Radio is the collective name given to commercial radio stations in the United Kingdom.
United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting (UKIB) is an affiliation of three British independent television production companies and broadcasters. The primary function of its predecessor, the Independent Television Companies Association (ITCA), was to represent independent British television interests as a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The current members of UKIB are the ITV network centre, the 4 ITV licence holders, Channel 4, and S4C.
Demon FM is a student radio station based at De Montfort University in Leicester, England. The station broadcasts online during term time. It was established in 1995 by the Communications Officer of the time, Rob Martin. The first licensed broadcast was on 106.4 FM from 29 September 1995 to 26 October 1995 and the second broadcast was on 106.2 FM from 22 April 1996 to 19 May 1996. Demon FM continued to broadcast on Restricted Service Licences until 2008 with the last of the RSL broadcasts taking place on 97.5FM. Demon FM finished their 26th and final RSL on 30 November 2008.
Radio enjoys a huge following in the United Kingdom. There are around 600 licensed radio stations in the country. For a more comprehensive list see List of radio stations in the United Kingdom.
Radio Joint Audience Research Limited was established in 1992 to operate a single audience measurement system for the radio industry in the United Kingdom. RAJAR is jointly owned by the BBC and Radiocentre. RAJAR's predecessor was called Joint Industry Committee on Radio Audience Research. Prior to this, the BBC and Radiocentre's predecessor CRCA carried out their own measurements independently of each other.
Radio Clyde is a group of two Independent Local Radio stations serving Glasgow and West Central Scotland. Radio Clyde is owned and operated by Bauer, based at studios in Clydebank, West Dunbartonshire and forms part of Bauer's Hits Radio and Greatest Hits Radio Network of local stations.
In the United States, commercial radio stations make most of their revenue by selling airtime to be used for running radio advertisements. These advertisements are the result of a business or a service providing a valuable consideration, usually money, in exchange for the station airing their commercial or mentioning them on air. The most common advertisements are "spot commercials", which normally last for no more than one minute, although extended versions, commonly running for up to 45, 60 or more minutes, are termed "informercials" because they delve deeper into detailed information on and stories about commercial product or service offerings.
In the United Kingdom, the roll-out of digital radio has been proceeding since engineering test transmissions were started by the BBC in 1990 followed by a public launch in September 1995. The UK currently has one of the world's biggest digital radio networks, with about 500 transmitters, three national DAB ensembles, one regional DAB ensemble, 48 local DAB ensembles and an increasing number of small-scale DAB ensembles broadcasting over 250 commercial and 34 BBC radio stations across the UK. In London there are already more than 100 different digital stations available. In addition to DAB and DAB+, radio stations are also broadcast on digital television platform as well as internet radio in the UK. Digital radio ensemble operators and stations need a broadcasting licence from the UK's media regulator Ofcom to broadcast.
Peter Jarrod Poulton, known professionally as Bam Bam and briefly as Peter Jarrod, is a British radio personality. Born in Chester, Poulton has lived in the London Borough of Barnet with his girlfriend Emma and their two children - Oscar and Felix since 2003.
In the United Kingdom, community radio refers to a system of licensing small, micro-local, non-profit radio stations, which started in 2002. In its early days, the pilot scheme was known as access radio. New legislation paved the way for this additional tier of radio, starting in 2005, and hundreds of community stations have since been set up. Unlike commercial radio licensing, which is generally advertised to cover a specific region, community radio stations are usually limited to broadcast areas smaller than commercial or BBC local stations, nominally within a 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) radius of their transmitter.
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The Superstation Orkney, also known as just The Superstation, was a commercial radio station, broadcasting to Orkney and Caithness. Until its closure in November 2014, the station was Orkney's only independent radio station, and broadcast 'a broad range of popular and contemporary music'. The station also broadcast local news bulletins on the half-hour and national news from Sky News Radio on the hour.
John Calvert is a radio commercials producer, managing director of Airforce: The Radio Commercial and Advertising Music Production Company, a voiceover artist, radio advertising consultant, speaker, and awards judge.
Clearcast is a non-governmental organisation which pre-approves most British television advertising. It is originated on 1 January 2008, and took over the responsibilities of the Broadcast Advertising Clearance Centre. Clearcast is now owned by four UK commercial broadcasters: ITV, Channel 4, Sky and Warner Media.
Calon FM is a community radio station serving Wrexham and surrounding areas.
The Radio Advertising Bureau (RAB) was an organisation funded by UK commercial radio stations to help advertising agencies advertise effectively on radio. In 2006, it merged with the Commercial Radio Companies Association (CRCA) to form Radiocentre, the industry body for UK commercial radio. Trading was however kept under the RAB name until 7 July 2015.
The Broadcast Committee of Advertising Practice (BCAP) is a regulatory body of the United Kingdom which has responsible for writing and reviewing the UK Code of Broadcast Advertising. It was established under the Communications Act 2003 and has responsibility to the Office of Communications (Ofcom). BCAP's remit is to ensure that advertising on radio and television in the United Kingdom are not misleading, that they do not cause harm or offence to viewers and listeners, and that they stay within the boundaries of taste and decency.
Radioplayer is a radio technology platform, owned by UK radio broadcasters and operated under licence in some other countries. It operates an internet radio web tuner, a set of mobile phone apps, an in-car adaptor, and a growing range of integrations with other connected devices and platforms.
References
- 1 2 Commercial radio history
- ↑ "BBC and commercial radio in world first with launch of Radioplayer". BBC Press Office. 31 March 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
- ↑ "Members List". Radiocentre. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ↑ "Voices revealed for 2020 Mental Health Minute". RadioToday. 18 May 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ↑ ""You've got to be in it to win it" – an evening with top audio professionals | Creative Access". 18 September 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ↑ "(no title)". aereurope.org. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
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