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The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt led by King Philip II of France, King Richard I of England and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187. For this reason, the Third Crusade is also known as the Kings' Crusade.
Silves is a city and municipality in the Portuguese region of Algarve, in southern Portugal. The population of the entire municipality of Silves in 2011 was 37,126, in an area of 680.06 km2. The urbanized area of the city proper has approximately 11,000 inhabitants. Silves is the former capital of the Kingdom of the Algarve (1249–1910), a nominal kingdom within the Kingdom of Portugal (1139–1910), and is of great historical importance.
The Kingdom of the Algarve, after 1471, Kingdom of the Algarves, was a nominal kingdom within the Kingdom of Portugal, located in the southernmost region of continental Portugal, until the end of the monarchy in 1910.
This is a historical timeline of Portugal.
William I was count of Holland from 1203 to 1222. He was the younger son of Floris III and Ada of Huntingdon.
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De itinere navali is an anonymous Latin account of the siege and capture of Silves in 1189, one of the expeditions of the Third Crusade. It was written by an eyewitness shortly after the events it records. It is known from a single copy made a few decades later. It has been translated into English three times.
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The siege of Silves was an action of the Third Crusade and the Portuguese Reconquista in 1189. The city of Silves in the Almohad Caliphate was besieged from 21 July until 3 September by the forces of Portugal and a group of crusaders from northern Europe on their way to the siege of Acre. The defenders capitulated on terms, the city was handed over to Portugal and the crusaders took a portion of the spoils.
Nicholas was the bishop of Silves (1189–1191) and bishop of Viseu (1192–1213) during the Portuguese Reconquista.
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The siege of Tomar was a military engagement that took place in 1190 between the Almohad caliphate who attacked the town of Tomar in Portugal, and the Templar Order, who owned the settlement and successfully defended it from the Muslim attack.
Portuguese participation in the Reconquista occurred from when the County of Portugal was founded in 868 and continued for 381 years until the last cities still in Muslim control in the Algarve were captured in 1249. Portugal was created during this prolonged process and largely owes its geographic form to it.
The Spanish Christian–Muslim War of 1172–1212 was fought between the Spanish Christian kingdoms of Castile, Aragon, Navarre and Portugal and the Almohad Caliphate during the Reconquista. It began when the Almohad caliph Yusuf I attacked Castile from Cuenca in 1172 and ended after the Christian victory at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 but small skirmishes still occurred after the battle.
References
- ↑ Slaughter 1968, p. 43.
- ↑ Richard 1999, p. 237.
- ↑ Loud 2014, p. 157.
- 1 2 Villegas-Aristizábal 2015, p. 118.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 David 1939, p. 660.
- 1 2 3 4 Loud 2014, p. 156.
- ↑ Loud 2014, pp. 163–164.
- ↑ Annales Stadenses, in Lappenberg 1859 , p. 353.
- 1 2 3 Naumann 1994, p. 143.
- ↑ Richard 1999, p. 234.
- ↑ Barroca 2006, p. 980.
- ↑ Cushing 2017, p. 52.
- ↑ Villegas-Aristizábal 2015 , p. 118, goes so far as to say that the emperor "attempted to retake Silves without Portuguese involvement but failed".
- 1 2 Naumann 1994, p. 144.