(''de jure'')
[[Military Government Council]]
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Ramon Villeda Morales | |
---|---|
![]() Ramón Villeda Morales in 1962 | |
President of Honduras | |
In office December 21, 1957 –October 3, 1963 | |
Vice President | JoséMejía Arellano |
Preceded by | Julio Lozano Díaz (de jure) Military Government Council (de facto) |
Succeeded by | Oswaldo López Arellano |
Personal details | |
Born | JoséRamón Adolfo Villeda Morales November 26,1909 Ocotepeque,Honduras |
Died | October 8,1971 61) New York City,New York,United States | (aged
Cause of death | Heart attack [1] |
Political party | Liberal Party |
Spouse | Alejandrina Bermúdez Milla (1917–2012) |
Profession | politician,physician |
JoséRamón Adolfo Villeda Morales (November 26,1909 –October 8,1971) served as President of Honduras from 1957 to 1963. He was also known by the nickname,"Pajarito".
Trained as a physician,his specialty was pediatrics. Villeda Morales was a liberal who supported the democratization of Honduras after a long period of military rule. He was the Liberal Party candidate in the 1954 presidential election,the first free election for over two decades,winning a plurality over a divided National Party but falling short of a majority. The deadlock led to a coup by Vice-President Julio Lozano Díaz. Following the military junta of 1955,he was in 1957 chosen by the country's constituent assembly to serve as president and oversee the transition to democracy. [2] Villeda Morales immediately embarked on a campaign which he believed would help the poorer elements of society,introducing welfare benefits and enacting a new labor code that favored the country's large working class population (working on the theory that regulations,rather than the market,can improve,rather than undermine,long-term conditions of work). While these steps were popular with the masses,they enraged the traditional holders of power in Honduras:the military and the upper classes. When it seemed likely that the Liberal Party candidate,Modesto Rodas Alvarado,would win the 1963 election with an even stronger mandate to enact social reforms,the military responded with a coup,just ten days before the election was scheduled to take place.
Ramón Villeda Morales and his wife,Alejandrina,had six sons:twins Ramon and Ruben,Alejandro,Mauricio,Leonardo,and Juan Carlos.
Ramon Villeda Morales died on November 26,1971,in New York City,where he was serving as the Honduran Ambassador to the UN. His widow,former First Lady of Honduras Alejandrina Bermúdez Milla ,died in November 2012,aged 95.
Villeda Morales helped modernize Honduras,and to create its public health,public education,and social security systems. He was a key supporter of the Alliance for Progress.
San Pedro Sula International Airport is named after him. His son Mauricio Villeda Bermúdez is a leader of the Liberal Party and was a candidate for the presidency in the 2013 elections.
The Liberal Party of Honduras is a centrist liberal political party in Honduras that was founded in 1891. It is the oldest extant political party in the country,and one of the two main parties that have until recently dominated Honduran politics. The party is a member of the Liberal International. The PLH is identified with the colours red and white,as the flag Francisco Morazán used in most of his military campaigns during time of the Central American Federal Republic.
Liberalism in Honduras is a form of Latin American liberalism. It was influenced by French revolutionaries from 1789 to 1799,when the door was open for ideas of positivism. During this time the populace were exposed to liberal ideas such as:liberty,equality,and popular sovereignty,causing enthusiasm for them to be increased.
Ramón Ernesto Cruz Uclés was the President of Honduras from 7 June 1971 to 4 December 1972.
Ramón Villeda Morales International Airport,also known as La Mesa International Airport,is located 11 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of the city of San Pedro Sula,in the Cortés Department of Honduras.
Elvin Ernesto Santos Ordóñez is a Honduran politician who served as the vice president of Honduras from January 2006 to November 2008,when he resigned to stand as a Liberal Party candidate for the presidency in the 2009 elections. For the 2005 election the constitution was amended to create a single vice president. Although Santos served as vice president under the presidency of Manuel Zelaya,he distanced himself from Zelaya since there were conflicts between the two politicians. He was also against the fourth ballot box referendum that Zelaya promoted.
Since 1975 emigration from Honduras has accelerated as economic migrants and political refugees seek a better life elsewhere. Although many Hondurans have many relatives in Nicaragua,Spain,Mexico,El Salvador and Canada,the majority of Hondurans living abroad are in the United States.
Authoritarian General Tiburcio Carías Andino controlled Honduras during the Great Depression,until 1948. In 1955—after two authoritarian administrations and a general strike initiated by banana workers—young military reformists staged a coup that installed a provisional junta and paved the way for constituent assembly elections in 1957. This assembly appointed Ramón Villeda Morales as president and transformed itself into a national legislature with a 6-year term.
Direct popular general elections were scheduled in Honduras for 13 October 1963.
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Honduras on 22 September 1957. In November the Assembly elected Ramón Villeda Morales as president.
General elections were held in Honduras on 10 October 1954. The elections were relatively honest. and saw Ramón Villeda Morales of the Liberal Party emerge as the most popular presidential candidate with 48% of the vote. However,the constitution required Congress to confirm the president if no candidate received a majority in the popular vote. The Liberals did not have a majority in Congress,and the National Party and National Reformist Movement (MNR) agreed to block Villeda's candidacy,although they were unable to agree on a candidate of their own. The two parties boycotted the confirmation session in November –an idea proposed by US Ambassador Whitting Willauer –meaning those present did not form a quorum.
The Military Junta of 1956–1957 was a military triumvirate composed by General Roque Jacinto Rodríguez Herrera,Roberto Gálvez Barnes and Héctor Caraccioli Moncada. It was in power October 21,1956 –December 21,1957.
Esteban JoséHandal Pérez is a Honduran politician and businessman who is also known as the "Red Bull." He is the former president of the Liberal Youth of Honduras and previously sought the nomination to be a Honduran presidential candidate on behalf of the Liberal Party of Honduras. He served in the national parliament of Honduras from 1997 to 2001.
The 1963 Honduran coup d'état was a military takeover of the Honduran government on 3 October 1963,ten days before a scheduled election. Oswaldo López Arellano replaced Ramón Villeda Morales as president and initiated two decades of military rule.
Mauricio Villeda Bermúdez is a Honduran attorney,leader of the Liberal Party of Honduras,and son of the late former president Ramón Villeda Morales. He ran unsuccessfully as a presidential candidate in the 2013 presidential elections.
Modesto Rodas Alvarado was a prominent Honduran lawyer and politician who served as President of the National Congress of Honduras between 1957 and 1963.
JoséAníbal Delgado Fiallos was a Honduran scholar,political analyst and politician.
Ramón Villeda Bermúdez was a Honduran veterinarian and Liberal Party politician. He has held several important positions in administration,including President of the Banco Nacional de Desarrollo Agrícola (1998-2000) and Vice President of the Congreso Nacional de Honduras (2004-2005) and President of the Banco Central de Honduras from 2010 until his death in 2012.
Villeda is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Marcelino Ponce Martínez was Vice President of Honduras during the administration of Roberto Suazo Cordova. He was from the Liberal Party.
Abraham Williams Calderón was Honduran politician. He was known as Vice President of Honduras during the administration of Tiburcio Carías Andino and president of the National Congress of Honduras,and presidential candidate of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement in the 1954 elections.