Kenzō Tange was a Japanese architect, and winner of the 1987 Pritzker Prize for Architecture. He was one of the most significant architects of the 20th century, combining traditional Japanese styles with modernism, and designed major buildings on five continents. His career spanned the entire second half of the twentieth century, producing numerous distinctive buildings in Tokyo, other Japanese cities and cities around the world, as well as ambitious physical plans for Tokyo and its environments.
The year 1965 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.
The year 1964 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.
Constantinos A. Doxiadis, often cited as C. A. Doxiadis, was a Greek architect and urban planner. During the 1960s, he was the lead architect and planner of Islamabad, which was to serve as the new capital city of Pakistan. He was later known as the father of ekistics, which concerns the multi-aspect science of human settlements.
Team 10 – just as often referred to as Team X or Team Ten – was a group of architects and other invited participants who assembled starting in July 1953 at the 9th Congress of the International Congresses of Modern Architecture (CIAM) and created a schism within CIAM by challenging its doctrinaire approach to urbanism.
Metabolism was a post-war Japanese biomimetic architectural movement that fused ideas about architectural megastructures with those of organic biological growth. It had its first international exposure during CIAM's 1959 meeting and its ideas were tentatively tested by students from Kenzo Tange's MIT studio.
Jacob Berend "Jaap" Bakema was a Dutch modernist architect, notable for design of public housing and involvement in the reconstruction of Rotterdam after the Second World War.
The 1963 Skopje earthquake was a 6.1 moment magnitude earthquake which occurred in Skopje, SR Macedonia, then part of the SFR Yugoslavia, on July 26, 1963, which killed over 1,070 people, injured between 3,000 and 4,000 and left more than 200,000 people homeless. About 80 percent of the city was destroyed.
Živko Popovski was the most prominent Macedonian architect after the Second World War. He was a professor at the Architectural Faculty in Skopje. He worked with Dutch architects and CIAM alumni Jo_van_den_Broek and Jaap Bakema. His most famous works are the Skopje Shopping Center (GTC), Pensioner's Home in Ohrid, and the reconstructed Culture Center "Grigor Prlichev" in Ohrid.
The architecture of Tokyo has largely been shaped by the city's history. Twice in recent history has the metropolis been left in ruins: first in the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake and later after extensive firebombing in World War II. Because of this and other factors, Tokyo's current urban landscape is mostly modern and contemporary architecture, and older buildings are scarce. Tokyo once was a city with low buildings and packed with single family homes, today the city has a larger focus on high rise residential homes and urbanization. Tokyo's culture is changing as well as increased risk of natural catastrophes, because of this architecture has had to make dramatic changes since the 1990s. Located off of Tokyo Bay which makes typhoons and rising sea levels a current risk, along with volcanoes and large earthquakes. As a result of this, a new focus has been placed on waterborne risks such as rising sea levels and seismic events.
Structuralism is a movement in architecture and urban planning that evolved around the middle of the 20th century. It was a reaction to Rationalism's (CIAM-Functionalism) perceived lifeless expression of urban planning that ignored the identity of the inhabitants and urban forms.
The groups of people who have settled or controlled the territory of modern-day North Macedonia have influenced the country in many ways, one of the most visible being architecture. These groups of people include the Paionians, Illyrians, Ancient Macedonians, Romans, Byzantines, Bulgarians, Serbs, Ottomans, Yugoslavs, and ethnic Macedonians.
Georgi Konstantinovski was a Macedonian architect, writer and educator. He graduated from the SS Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Architecture in Skopje in 1956 and received his Master of Architecture Degree from Yale University, under the mentorship of Paul Rudolph and Serge Chermayeff, in 1965. His early works are stylistically considered Brutalist. In New York City, he worked and collaborated with I. M. Pei, Henry Cobb Jr., and Araldo Cossutta.
Transportation Center Skopje is the main city bus and railway station in the Republic of North Macedonia capital Skopje. It was built after the 1963 Skopje earthquake that destroyed the Original station buildings. The station is served by Long-distance trains to Belgrade, Thessaloniki, Athens and Ljubljana, and Express routes to Thessaloniki, via Vienna that serve Skopje twice daily, once going to Thessaloniki and second time returning to Vienna, passing through Belgrade and Ljubljana. The Skopje railway station is 15 min walking from the main square Makedonija.
Mimoza Nestorova-Tomić is a Macedonian architect, planner, and urban designer, who played a significant role in the masterplan and reconstruction of Skopje after the 1963 earthquake. Initially she worked specifically in the team for social planning with Polservice, the Polish consultants, alongside Kenzo Tange, the winner of a United Nations international competition for the reconstruction of Skopje. In the period 1986-1989 Nestorova-Tomić was director of the director and design architect of the City Institute for Planning in Skopje. As a female architect working within socialist Yugoslavia, Nestorova-Tomić presents a different trajectory to her counterparts in the West.
Slavko Brezoski was a Macedonian architect, urban planner, painter, writer and educator known for his works in the genre of modern architecture realised during the middle of the 20th Century in North Macedonia, Serbia, Croatia, Brazil and Libya. He was professor and Dean at the Faculty of Architecture at the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje.
Hotel Sofitel Tokyo (ホテルソフィテル東京) was a hotel high-rise building in Taito-ku, Tokyo. It was established in 1994 as Hotel Cosima with 71 rooms on 26 cantilever floors: in 1999 it was purchased by Accor Group. After a brief refurbishment it was reopened as 4-star hotel in September 2000, but was soon closed in December 2006 and was demolished between February 2007 and May 2008.
The architecture of Yugoslavia was characterized by emerging, unique, and often differing national and regional narratives. As a socialist state remaining free from the Iron Curtain, Yugoslavia adopted a hybrid identity that combined the architectural, cultural, and political leanings of both Western liberal democracy and Soviet communism.
Japan–Yugoslavia relations were historical foreign relations between Japan and now split-up Yugoslavia. Japan promoted friendly relations and appreciated Socialist Yugoslavia's independent non-aligned foreign policy stance.
The Hawai'i Hochi Building, located at 917 Kokea Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, is a notable edifice that exemplifies a meld of Brutalist aesthetics with the tropical ambiance of Hawaii. The building was conceived by distinguished Japanese architect Kenzo Tange, a laureate of the Pritzker Prize, and was constructed in 1972, marking it one of Tange's two completed architectural venture in the United States. Initially, it served as the headquarters for the Hawaii Hochi newspaper, a publication with deep roots in the Japanese immigrant community in Hawaii, reflecting a broader socio-cultural narrative through its architectural design. Over time, the Hawaii Hochi Building has garnered attention from architectural scholars and preservationists. Educational initiatives, such as workshops at Yale School of Architecture, have leveraged the building as a case study for exploring adaptive reuse strategies, underscoring its significance in the realm of Brutalist architecture. Its narrative continues to evolve with the recent relocations of Hawaii Hochi, LTD., indicating a transition in its functional history while maintaining its emblematic architectural essence.
