The Red Crusader incident (Danish : Red Crusader-sagen) was a 1961 maritime dispute between Denmark and the United Kingdom over fishing rights.
The Red Crusader incident (Danish : Red Crusader-sagen) was a 1961 maritime dispute between Denmark and the United Kingdom over fishing rights.
On 27 April 1959, the British and Danish governments exchanged notes in Copenhagen establishing temporary regulations on fishing around the Faroe Islands. [1]
On 29 May 1961 at 17:39, the British fishing trawler Red Crusader was detained by the Danish frigate Niels Ebbesen for fishing in the waters off the Faroe Islands after a chase. [2] [3] Instead of heading towards Tórshavn, as instructed by Niels Ebbesen, Red Crusader headed for Scotland. The frigate pursued the trawler, and fired warning shots to no avail. Niels Ebbesen then fired an aimed shot, damaging Red Crusader. [4] The commander of the frigate was E. Sølling and the captain of the trawler was a Mr. Wood. [5]
On 15 November 1961, the British and Danish governments established an adversarial international commission of inquiry into the incident under the auspices of the Permanent Court of Arbitration. [6] This was the first international commission since the Tavignano inquiry in 1922. [7]
Proceedings were divided into a written and an oral stage. [7]
The commission delivered its report in March 1962 and found no evidence of illegal fishing. Further, the commission found that the Niels Ebbesen had used excessive force, beyond that justified by international law in firing on the trawler. [8]
Tórshavn, usually locally referred to as simply Havn, is the capital and largest city of the Faroe Islands. It is located in the southern part on the east coast of Streymoy. To the northwest of the city lies the 347-meter-high (1,138 ft) mountain Húsareyn, and to the southwest, the 350-meter-high (1,150 ft) Kirkjubøreyn. They are separated by the Sandá River. The city itself has a population of 14,099 (2024), and the greater urban area has a population of 23,194, including the suburbs of Hoyvík and Argir.
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HMS Annan was a River-class frigate built for the Royal Navy but was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy before commissioning. She served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War and saw action primarily as a convoy escort in the Battle of the Atlantic. She was returned to United Kingdom following the war and quickly sold to Denmark, who renamed the vessel Niels Ebbesen. She was primarily used as a training vessel until 1963 when she was broken up in Odense. She was named for the River Annan in Scotland in UK and Canadian service and Niels Ebbesen in Danish service.
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The fishing vessel Antares was a pelagic trawler based in Carradale, Kintyre in the United Kingdom. She was fishing off the coast of the Isle of Arran on 22 November 1990 when she foundered with the loss of four crew members after her trawl line was snagged by Royal Navy Trafalgar-class nuclear powered submarine HMS Trenchant. An investigation by the Marine Accident Investigation Branch concluded that the accident had been caused by "a partial breakdown in both the structure and the standards of watchkeeping on board Trenchant".
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