Sedevacantism is a doctrinal position within traditionalist Catholicism which holds that the present occupier of the Holy See is not a valid pope due to the mainstream Catholic church's alleged espousal of modernism and that, for lack of a valid pope, the See of Rome is vacant.
A seminary, school of theology, theological seminary, or divinity school is an educational institution for educating students in scripture, theology, generally to prepare them for ordination to serve as clergy, in academics, or in Christian ministry. The English word is taken from the Latin seminarium, translated as seed-bed, an image taken from the Council of Trent document Cum adolescentium aetas which called for the first modern seminaries.
Carlos Duarte Costa was a Brazilian Catholic bishop who became the founder of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church, an independent Catholic church, and its international communion, which long after his death became the short-lived Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic Churches.
Raymond Edward Brown was an American Catholic priest, a member of the Sulpician Fathers and a prominent biblical scholar. He was regarded as a specialist concerning the hypothetical "Johannine community", which he speculated contributed to the authorship of the Gospel of John, and he also wrote influential studies on the birth and death of Jesus. Brown was professor emeritus at Union Theological Seminary (UTS) in New York where he taught for 29 years. He was the first Catholic professor to gain tenure there, where he earned a reputation as a superior lecturer.
Sacred tradition is a theological term used in major Christian traditions, primarily those claiming apostolic succession, such as the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Assyrian, and Anglican traditions, to refer to the foundation of the doctrinal and spiritual authority of Christianity and of the Bible.
Independent Catholicism is a independent sacramental movement of clergy and laity who self-identify as Catholic and form "micro-churches claiming apostolic succession and valid sacraments", in spite of not being affiliated to the historic Catholic churches such as the Roman Catholic and Utrechter Old Catholic churches. The term "Independent Catholic" derives from the fact that "these denominations affirm both their belonging to the Catholic tradition as well as their independence from Rome."
The Evangelical Orthodox Church (EOC), founded on January 15, 1979, is a small Christian syncretic denomination established by former leaders of Campus Crusade for Christ, who, reacting against the freewheeling Jesus People movement, developed their own synthesis of Evangelicalism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Shepherding Movement principles.
The Orthodox-Catholic Church of America (OCCA) is an independent and self-governing Christian syncretic jurisdiction based in the United States, with clergy also in Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Africa, and Australia. The church celebrates predominantly a version of the Western Liturgy though some priests also celebrate the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom or the Liturgy of Addai and Mari. The OCCA is not associated with the Orthodox churches whose bishops are members of the "Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America", the body which replaced SCOBA.
The Instituto María Rosa Mystica, Sacerdotes Misioneros Carismáticos is a small independent Catholic association under the protection of the independent Catholic Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church. Founded in 2004 by Bishop Gustavo Adrian Gabucci, it consists of independent Catholic priests and laypeople in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The Catholic Apostolic Charismatic Church of "Jesus the King" is an independent international religious association of Catholic origin and character, with headquarters and legal recognition in Munich, Germany. It is known for its bishop, Rómulo Antonio Braschi, a former Roman Catholic priest, who performed the ordinations of the Danube Seven.
The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church is an independent Catholic Christian church established in 1945 by excommunicated Brazilian Catholic bishop Carlos Duarte Costa. The Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church is the largest independent Catholic church in Brazil, with 560,781 members as of 2010, and 26 dioceses as of 2021; internationally, it has an additional 6 dioceses and 6 provinces. It is governed by a president bishop and the Episcopal Council. Its current president of the Episcopal Council is Josivaldo Pereira de Oliveira. The church's administration is in Brasilia, Brazil.
Roberto Garrido Padin is a bishop of the Independent Catholic Church, based at the church of Santa Barbara in Salvador de Bahia, Northern Brazil.
Salomão Barbosa Ferraz was a Brazilian Roman Catholic priest and Bishop whose career took him through membership of several Christian denominations from the Presbyterian Church to the Roman Catholic Church.
The independent sacramental movement (ISM) refers to a loose collection of individuals and Christian denominations which are not part of the historic sacramental Christian denominations embodying catholicity and yet continue to practice the historic sacramental rites independently.
Luis Fernando Castillo Méndez was a Venezuelan Independent Catholic priest who rose to the leadership of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (ICAB). Castillo Méndez was arguably the second or third 'Patriarch' of ICAB and its 48 dioceses, though none of his predecessors used that title. He was also the nominal head of the Iglesias Catolicas Apostolicas Nacionales (ICAN) and the Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic National Churches (WCCAC), which were attempts to form an international association of Independent Catholic churches.
The Ecumenical Catholic Church (ECC) is a small Christian denomination, mainly oriented toward the LGBT community.
An ecclesiastical university is a special type of higher education school recognised by the Canon law of the Catholic Church. It is one of two types of universities recognised, the other type being the Catholic university. Every single ecclesiastical university is a pontifical university, while only a few Catholic universities are pontifical.
The American Catholic Church is a Christian church founded in 1915. Though no longer in existence, many groups have made claims to its lineage through the consecrations of Paolo Miraglia-Gulotti and Frederick Ebenezer Lloyd. The State of Illinois Charter for the ACC obtained by Abp. Vilatte, dated 13 July 1915, is now registered to Abp. Robert Clement, and his ACC ministry is continuing in California.
It is a mission church in the tradition of the Old Catholic Church founded in America by Fr. Charles Chiniquy and Bishop Joseph Rene Vilatte of the American Catholic Church. This community is not in union with the Episcopal Church, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Providence, or the Union of Utrecht. The community strives after union with the Union of Utrecht, through the help of the Episcopal Church.
Edward Jarvis FRAI FRAS is a British author of social and religious history, religion and politics, and theology. His academic studies of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (ICAB) and the lives of Carlos Duarte Costa and Ngô Đình Thục were the first ever systematic scholarly monographs on those subjects. They have contributed to the historically very small body of academic literature on the paradoxically widespread phenomenon of Independent Catholicism, and the relatively limited body of scholarship on Vietnamese Catholicism and Christianity in Southeast Asia.
