René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec was a French physician and musician. His skill at carving his own wooden flutes led him to invent the stethoscope in 1816, while working at the Hôpital Necker. He pioneered its use in diagnosing various chest conditions. He became a lecturer at the Collège de France in 1822 and professor of medicine in 1823. His final appointments were that of head of the medical clinic at the Hôpital de la Charité and professor at the Collège de France. He went into a coma and subsequently died of tuberculosis on August 13, 1826 at age 45.
The stethoscope is a medical device for auscultation, or listening to internal sounds of an animal or human body. It typically has a small disc-shaped resonator that is placed against the skin, with either one or two tubes connected to two earpieces. A stethoscope can be used to listen to the sounds made by the heart, lungs or intestines, as well as blood flow in arteries and veins. In combination with a manual sphygmomanometer, it is commonly used when measuring blood pressure.
Crackles are the clicking, rattling, or crackling noises that may be made by one or both lungs of a human with a respiratory disease during inhalation, and occasionally during exhalation. They are usually heard only with a stethoscope. Pulmonary crackles are abnormal breath sounds that were formerly referred to as rales.
The year 1715 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Aortic regurgitation (AR), also known as aortic insufficiency (AI), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. As a consequence, the cardiac muscle is forced to work harder than normal.
Jean-Nicolas Corvisart-Desmarets was a French physician.
Valvular heart disease is any cardiovascular disease process involving one or more of the four valves of the heart. These conditions occur largely as a consequence of aging, but may also be the result of congenital (inborn) abnormalities or specific disease or physiologic processes including rheumatic heart disease and pregnancy.
Duroziez's sign is a sign of aortic insufficiency. It consists of an audible diastolic murmur which can be heard over the femoral artery when it is compressed with the bell of a stethoscope.
Precordial catch syndrome (PCS) is a non-serious condition in which there are sharp stabbing pains in the chest. These typically get worse with inhaling and occur within a small area. Spells of pain usually last less than a few minutes. Typically it begins at rest and other symptoms are absent. Concerns about the condition may result in anxiety.
Joseph Honoré Simon Beau was a French physician, who is famous for his investigations of the physiology of the heart and the lungs.
Pierre Carle Édouard Potain was a French cardiologist born in Paris.
Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud was a French physician born in Bragette, now part of Garat, Charente. Bouillaud was an early advocate of the localization of cerebral functions.
Joseph Guichard Duverney or Joseph-Guichard Du Verney was a French anatomist known for his work in comparative anatomy and for his treatise on the ear. The fracture of the iliac wing of the pelvis is sometimes called the Duverney fracture.
Jean-Baptiste de Sénac (1693–1770) was a French physician, born in the district of Lombez in Gascony, France.
Raymond Vieussens was a French anatomist from Le Vigan. There is uncertainty regarding the exact year of Vieussens birth, with some sources placing it as late as 1641.
Exupere Joseph Bertin was a French anatomist born in Tremblay (Ille-et-Vilaine), Brittany. He was the father of cardiologist René-Joseph-Hyacinthe Bertin (1757-1828).
Raymond Tripier (1838–1916) was a French physician and pathologist.
François-Joseph Double (1776–1842) was a French physician and co-founder of the Académie Nationale de Médecine.
François-Amilcar Aran was a French physician.
Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering the study of cardiovascular diseases. It was established in 1908 as Archives des Maladies du Coeur, des Vaisseaux, et du Sang, and changed its name to Archives des Maladies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux in 1937. It obtained its current name in 2008. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of the French Society of Cardiology, of which it is the official journal. The editor-in-chief is Ariel A. Cohen. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2019 impact factor of 2.434.
